巻号一覧
30 巻 (1980)
- 2 号 p. 51-
- 1 号 p. 1-
30 巻, 1 号
選択された号の論文の5件中1～5を表示しています
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論文
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神 忠久1980 年 30 巻 1 号 p. 1-6
発行日: 1980年
公開日: 2012/11/26
ジャーナル フリーAn attempt was made to monitor the subjects' emotional instability in fire smoke using a steadiness tester which is often employed in psychological studies. Subjects' heart rate, walking speed and inspiration rate were also measured.
It has been made clearer that the allowable smoke density for safe evacuation from building on fire is largely dependent on the person's familiarity with the escape routes inside the building. People unfamiliar with the building are affected by psychological uneasiness such as irritation and decrease of visibility caused by smoke, while people who know the construction of the building are affected by more physiological factors such as decreased walking speed and difficulty in breathing than psychological factors.
From this experiment, conclusions were drawn as follows; allowable smoke density for people unfamiliar with escape route is 0.15/m in terms of extinction coefficient, while that for people familiar with escape route is 0.50/m.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (439K) -
田中 哮義1980 年 30 巻 1 号 p. 7-18
発行日: 1980年
公開日: 2012/11/26
ジャーナル フリーNeedless to say, it is important for the analysis of building fire to estimate various flows in fire. In this report, we took up fire plume and door jet, as the very important flows to characterize building fire and presented a method to evaluate each of them.
As regards ambient air entrainment to fire plume and door jet, the models are based on the results of Yokoi's analyses on “upward current above point heat source”.
As regards flows through doorways in buildings, we first classified the flow patterns which can be induced in actual fire according to the temperature and pressure conditions of the both side spaces of the doorway, and gained the expressions for the flow rates using static pressure of each room at the level of the floor on 1st storey. And then we proposed a method to obtain the pressures by solving flow-control equations.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (769K) -
田中 哮義1980 年 30 巻 1 号 p. 19-29
発行日: 1980年
公開日: 2012/11/26
ジャーナル フリーThis report describes the results of the two types of model experiments and the full scale calculation based on the theory of the present model, and the comparison between the results. One of the model experiments to judge the theoretical model is to measure the temperatures of hot gas layers and the other is to visualize the layers.
These two model experimens and the full scale calculation are not necessarily convenient to compare with each other, because each differs in scale or experimental conditions. But the results of the comparison on some chief cases seem to show fairly good qualitative agreement between theory and experiments. So this fact implies the frame of the theoretical model is comparatively sound, although the present model may involve some errors in various parts as yet.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (886K) -
高橋 哲1980 年 30 巻 1 号 p. 31-40
発行日: 1980年
公開日: 2012/11/26
ジャーナル フリー1) On the mass increase rate.
In a previous paper1) Takahashi reported that the mass increase rate, I , while applying water to a burning wood crib could be expressed in terms of the water application rate p as follows,
I = ap − b
where a,b are constants.
In this study, five different types of cribs were added furthermore and improved nozzles were used, and the precision of the measuring apparatuses was examined beforehand carefully.
As assumed before, it was found experimentally that a and b was close to one and the burning rate, rM just before water application respectively, thus the above equation can be written as,
I = p − rM
which is very useful for the further investigation of the extinguishing phenomena.
2) On the extinction time.
It is commonly known empirically that the charcoal formed on the virgin wood surface has influence on the extinction, although there was a lack of careful experimental or theoretical work hitherto.
In this study, extinction of the charcoal crib, which was obtained by burning the wood crib until about eighty percent of its weight was consumed, was studied firstly.
Namely the water required to extinguish a unit mass of the charcoal, μ, was experimentally found to be about 3.4 (gH2O/gchar) from both the extinction and absorption tests. Then the approximate extinction time, te , becomes
te ≈ Mc μp -1
where Mc is the mass of the charcoal at the beginning of water application.
For the second step, the above equation was applied tentatively for the burning wood cribs.
The extinction time calculated agreed quite well with the observed time for most cases, however there was poor agreements in the case the water application rate is very small or the burning rate is high. The inconsistency was attributed to the marked increase in the amount of charcoal and evaporated water during extinguishing.
As a whole, it can be said that the extinction of the wood fire can be expressed by absorption of the water by the formed charcoal if the application rate is moderately high.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (618K)
総説
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武田 久弘1980 年 30 巻 1 号 p. 41-49
発行日: 1980年
公開日: 2012/11/26
ジャーナル フリーPresent status of current studies on the enclosure fires is reviewed. In particular, several problems on wood crib fires and their modeling, fire behaviors of thermoplastic or liquid fuel, and computer simulation of the enclosure fires are discussed in detail. In addition, a future aspect of the studies on the enclosure fires is suggested.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (677K)
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