巻号一覧
39 巻 (1990)
- 2 号 p. 33-
- 1 号 p. 1-
39 巻, 2 号
選択された号の論文の4件中1～4を表示しています
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論文
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三井 利幸, 木村 巧1990 年 39 巻 2 号 p. 33-40
発行日: 1990年
公開日: 2012/01/25
ジャーナル フリーIn last 5 years, the carboxyhemoglobin levels (COHb%) in the blood of 354 persons killed in fires and burns were determined using colorimetry. We were investigated the relation of COHb% with cause of death, age, physique, occupation and physical condition in death from multivariate analysis such as cluster analysis, principal component analysis and factor analysis. The COHb% in the blood of the person killed in carbonmonoxide poisoing were related to age. But the COHb% in the blood of the person except senility killed in fire related other victims. The COHb% in the blood of the persons of senility killed in fire were low average. The most of the persons killed in burn had in the blood which COHb% were less than 15%. A number of the physically handicapped persons died from burn. The average of COHb% in the blood of persons killed in carbonmonoxide was 70% when deaths due to carbonmonoxide not only in fire but also in other accidents were taken into consideration. We distinguished the cause of death (victims of fire or carbonmonoxide poisoning) from the COHb% in the blood.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (441K) -
星野 誠, 林 幸司1990 年 39 巻 2 号 p. 41-49
発行日: 1990年
公開日: 2012/01/25
ジャーナル フリーThis report was to determine extinguishing abilities of fluoroprotein foam, synthetic detergent foam and aqueous film forming foam (AFFF) when applied to gasoline fires.
A double-sidewall construction was used for the fuel tank to simulate the severe burning condition of actual tank fires; ie, the red-heated tank wall and the hot fuel layer etc. A 30 min. long preburn time was used with each test.
Comparative performance was judged by extinction time, radiation, and inner sidewall temperature. The fuel vapor sealability was tested by applying a lighted torch over the foam blanket 15 min. after extinction.
In case of AFFF, expansion ratios of 9.6 and 2.5 were used.
When applied by gentle surface application, fluoroprotein foam greatly reduced extinction time compared to AFFF and synthetic detergent foam.
The AFFF with an expansion ratio of 2.5 is the only agent not ignited in the fuel vapor sealability test.
Fifteen minutes after extinction of the gasoline fires with synthetic detergent foam, the gasoline surface was exposed, therefore torch test was not carried out.
For AFFF having a expansion ratio of 9.6, the gasoline surface was not exposed after 15 minutes, but the fuel still ignited to full fire by the torch test.
For fluoroprotein foam, the gasoline surface was not exposed after 15 minutes, but the fuel partially ignited by the torch test and subsequently small edge fire continued.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (524K) -
中島 隆, 宮川 育郎1990 年 39 巻 2 号 p. 51-63
発行日: 1990年
公開日: 2012/01/25
ジャーナル フリーAs the efficiency of semiconductor gas sensors, like those used in gas warning systems, is not excellent, malfunctions can occur.
To increase efficiency, it is suggested that two types of sensors, both of them having the ability to sense all types of gases, should be used. This may work for both a certain single gas and mixed gases.
However, this will not work for any combination of mixed gases where the patterns are increased.
To improve the ability to simultaniously distinguish the types of mixed gases, we examined various possibilities. By using three different sensors and a personal computer, we were able to compare and calculate each sensor's voltage output. We used the change in the sensor pattern caused by altering the voltage of the sensor heater. As the result of our findings, we report that the systemized distinction of both a single and two types of mixed gases is possible.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (882K) -
守川 時生, 箭内 英治, 渡辺 貞一, 岡田 健夫, 佐藤 喜宣1990 年 39 巻 2 号 p. 65-70
発行日: 1990年
公開日: 2012/01/25
ジャーナル フリーHCN is one of the major toxic gases generated in fire. However, as HCN always accompanies CO, the reaction of man or animals to HCN in fires is not completely understood. To determine the lethal blood cyanide level of rabbits, to study the behavior of rabbits during the HCN exposure and to discuss the possibility of death mainly caused by inhalation of HCN in fires, experiments were made in which rabbits were exposed to HCN of different concentrations.
The results are summarized as follows.
(1) Blood cyanide levels were all 0.70 μg/ml or below when death occurred to rabbits exposed to HCN of approximately 300 ppm or over in concentration. However, there were cases where blood cyanide levels were higher, when rabbits exposed to HCN of lower concentrations did not die. Therefore, it is impossible to obtain the lethal blood cyanide level by determining the blood cyanide level of rabbits killed by inhalation of HCN.
(2) The toxic effects of cyanide appeared to rabbits much faster when they were exposed to HCN than to CO, which indicates that there is a possibility that HCN may be the principal cause to death in gas poisoning in fires, even when HCN concentration is lower than CO concentration in terms of toxicity, if the former is over the lethal level.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (447K)
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