口腔病学会雑誌

接着性レジン修復に残された諸問題

―特に歯質接着性を中心として―

田上順次

1996 年 63 巻 1 号 p. 1-7
発行日: 1996/03/31
公開日: 2010/10/08

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5357/koubyou.63.1

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Vesnarinoneによる無顆粒救症の発症機構に関する研究

陳関錦

1996 年 63 巻 1 号 p. 8-17
発行日: 1996/03/31
公開日: 2010/10/08

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5357/koubyou.63.8

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The effects of vesnarinone {3, 4-dihydro-6- [4 (3, 4-dimethoxybenzoyl) -1-piperanizyl] -2 (1H) -quinolinone} on the hematopoietic precursors in 5 healthy volunteers and leukemic blast progenitors in 11 acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients, l chronic myelocytic leukemia patient (CML) in blast crisis, and 3 leukemic cell lines were studied in methylcellulose and suspension cultures.
Normal erythroid precursors (colony-forming unit erythroid: CFU-E and burst-forming unit erythroid: BFU-E) and granulopoietic precursors (colony-forming unit granulocyte/macro-phage: CFU-GM) were suppressed in methylcellulose culture by vesnarinone in a dose-dependent manner. Leukemic blast progenitors may replicate themselves and/or undergo terminal divisions with limited differentiation. The plating efficiency of primary blast colony formation (PE1) in methylcellulose, which is considered to reflect the terminal divisions of leukemic blast progenitors, was suppressed by vesnarinone in a dose-dependent manner in all cases tested. The plating efficiency of secondary blast colony-formation (PE2) in methylcellulose culture and the recovery of clonogenic cells in the suspension culture, which are considered to reflect the self-replication function of leukemic blast progenitors, were also suppressed by vesnarinone in a dose-dependent manner in all cases tested.
The results suggest that vesnarinone inhibits the growth of normal and leukemic hematopoietic progenitors. To determine the mechanism by which vesnarinone inhibits hematopoiesis, the effect of the agent on apoptosis (programmed cell death) of leukemic cells was studied. DNA ladder formation was recognized in OCI/AML 1 a cells after exposure to 100μg/ml vesnarinone for 18 hours; this means that vesnarinone induced apoptosis in this cell line. Therefore, vesnarinone is considered to be the cause of apoptosis of granulopoietic precursors.

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筋機能の適応に関する筋電図学的研究

―Herbst装置の使用に関連して―

檜山成寿

1996 年 63 巻 1 号 p. 18-30
発行日: 1996/03/31
公開日: 2010/10/08

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5357/koubyou.63.18

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The purpose of this study was to examine functional muscular adaptation to changes in sagittal jaw relation by electromyography. The structural changes were induced by the Herbst appliance. The subjects consisted of four patients with Angle Class II Division 1 malocclusion. The structural changes were evaluated by lateral cephalograms. Functional muscular adaptation was evaluated by electromyogram (EMG) of masticatory muscles, including the inferior head of the lateral pterygoid (ILpt) muscle. The EMG of the ILpt muscle was recorded by using an intraoral surface electrode.
The same pattern of cephalometric changes was observed in all patients. The ILpt muscle activity increased immediately after wearing the appliance just like when the construction bite position was taken. However, it reduced remarkably after 4 to 6 months in all patients. On the other hand, the superimposed cephalometric tracings indicated that the locations of the condyles related to the glenoid fossae were still more anteroinferior than their original positions 4 to 6 months after wearing the appliances in three patients.
These findings seem to indicate multifactorial effects on the adaptation of the muscle function. It was concluded that functional adaptation to the newly-created morphological changes were not dependent only on the intensity and the duration of the functional stimulation.

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歯牙接触時における筋活動の経時的変化に関する研究

第2報夜間睡眠中の歯牙接触と筋活動

湯上圭

1996 年 63 巻 1 号 p. 31-41
発行日: 1996/03/31
公開日: 2010/10/08

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5357/koubyou.63.31

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In order to evaluate the relationship between the mandibular position and the muscle activity during bruxism, an originally-designed device for detecting tooth contacts in eccentric jaw positions in addition to the intercuspal position was applied to 7 subjects and electromyography was carried out stimultaneously.
Nocturnal bruxing patterns such as lateral grinding, clenching in the intercuspal position or eccentric jaw position were clearly distinguished by using this system.
In one of 3 subjects who were not aware of bruxism, both the duration and the frequency of the muscle activity were significantly higher than those of other subjects. This suggests that some persons with bruxism who are unaware of it actually grind or clench their teeth during sleep.
Tooth contacts during sleep were classified into 6 patterns according to jaw position. In the IP pattern, both regular and irregular EMG patterns were observed without any lateral movement of the mandible. Furthermore, each subject had the mandibular position on the preference side during tooth contacts and the EMG activity of the anterior temporal muscle on the preference side during the IP pattern was higher than that on the opposite side.
This system enabled detailed evaluation of bruxism.

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Transforming Growth Factor-β I型受容体の機能解析

齋藤正夫

1996 年 63 巻 1 号 p. 42-52
発行日: 1996/03/31
公開日: 2010/12/08

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5357/koubyou.63.42

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Proteins in the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily exert their effects by forming heteromeric complexes of their type I and type II serine/threonine kinase receptors. Binding of TGF-β to its constitutively active type II receptor (TβR-II) recruits the type I receptor (TβR-I) into the complex ; TβR- I is thereafter phosphorylated in GS domain located just N-terminal to the kinase domain and activated, which is necessary for TGF-β signaling.
Here we investigated the role of cytoplasmic juxtamembrane region located between the transmembrane domain and the GS domain of TβR-I by mutational analyses using mutant lung epithelial cells which lack endogenous TβR-I. Upon transfection, wild-type TβR-I restored the TGF-β signals for growth inhibition and production of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI) -1 and fibronectin. A deletion-mutant, TβR-I /JD1 (Δ150-181), which lacks the juxtamembrane region preceding the GS domain bound TGF-β in concert with TβR-II and transduced a signal leading to production of PAI-1 but not growth inhibition. Recombinant receptors with mutations that change serine172 to alanine (S172A) or threonine176 to valine (T176V) were similar to wild-type TβR-I in their abilities to bind TGF-β, formed complexes with TβR-II, and transduced a signal for PAT-1 and fibronectin. Similar to TβR- I /JD1 (Δ150-181), however, these missense mutant receptors were impaired to mediate a growth inhibitory signal. These observations indicate that serine172 and threonine176 of TβR-I are dispensable for extracellular matrix protein production but essential to the growth inhibition by TGF-β

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金属アレルギーにおける遺伝素因の解析

―HLAクラスII遺伝子の多型について―

齊藤幹

1996 年 63 巻 1 号 p. 53-69
発行日: 1996/03/31
公開日: 2010/10/08

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5357/koubyou.63.53

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To reveal immunogenetic factors involved in the pathogenesis of metal allergy, 30 unrelated Japanese patients with histories of metal allergy were typed for HLA. They were confirmed by an unequivocal positive patch-test reaction to mercury, nickel or palladium. The HLA-DR and -DQ DNA were typed by using the polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific oligonucleotide probe (PCR-SSO) method. The frequency of each allele in the patient groups was compared to that in normal Japanese subjects. In mercury sensitive patients, there was no significant HLA association. In nickel sensitive patients, there was a significant increase of DRB4 (p<0.05) but no significant association of DRB1 nor DQ locus, although there was an increase of DRB1^*0405 (R.R=2.36) . In palladium sensitive patients, there were significant increases of DRB4 (R.R. =15.48, p<0.05), DR4 (R.R. =13.27, p<0.005), DRB1 ^*0405 (R.R.=4.43, p<0.05), and DQB1 ^*0401 (R.R. = 4.59, p<0.05), and significant decreases of DRB5 (R.R.= 0.09, p<0.05), and DQA1^*0103 (R.R.=0, p<0.05) .

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左右的な下顎位の変化が咬筋筋活動に及ぼす影響

吉野敏明

1996 年 63 巻 1 号 p. 70-87
発行日: 1996/03/31
公開日: 2010/10/08

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5357/koubyou.63.70

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The investigation of the physiological response of masticatory muscle which is associated with the perception of the mandibular lateral deviation is clinically important. Therefore, the effects of various lateral mandibular deviation on the masseter muscle function were investigated on five healthy subjects. The mandibular position was deviated 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 3.0 mm to the right and left from a reference position corresponding to the rest position. The mandible was passively retained in each test position by means of a bite block. Electromyographic activity (background activity) was recorded with bipolar surface electrodes applied to the right and left masseter muscles. Jaw-jerk reflex was evoked by a reflex hammer, and motoneuron activity was indirectly examined.
The background activity as well as the amplitude of the jaw-jerk reflex on the mediotrusive side mainly increased in proportion to the mandibular deviation. However, most subjects showed no significant change about 3 mm from the reference position in the background activity and about 2 mm in the range of muscle activity evoked by the jaw-jerk reflex. These results suggested that the masseter jaw-jerk reflex may assist clinical examination of small mandibular deviations.

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部分床義歯の印象採得条件の違いが欠損部顎堤粘膜の印象面形態に及ぼす影響について

佐藤雅之

1996 年 63 巻 1 号 p. 88-107
発行日: 1996/03/31
公開日: 2010/10/08

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5357/koubyou.63.88

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In order to investigate the influence of various impression procedures on the morphology of the partially edentulous mucosal tissue precisely, a new 3-D measurement system based on a binocular-temporal gradient method was devised. The greatest advantage of the system is that the amounts of substance and minute deformation of the object can be easily measured simulta-neously. The accuracy of the system is 0.1mm and 10mm in the substance measurement and in the deformation measurement respectively.
Three parameters selected for the impression procedure were the space between the inner surface of the tray and the mucosal tissue, the flow of impression material and the size of tray. It was found that the amount of displacement in the mucosal tissue was increased as the thickness of space on the tray was reduced or the viscosity of the impression material was increased in partially edentulous patients. Moreover, the large tray caused greater displacement around the margin than the small one.

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ヒト下顎舌反射の神経機構

五十嵐一吉

1996 年 63 巻 1 号 p. 108-121
発行日: 1996/03/31
公開日: 2010/10/08

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5357/koubyou.63.108

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The present study was carried out to examine if the jaw-tongue reflex (JTR) could be elicited in man and if afferent fibers from the jaw-closing muscles were involved in this reflex.
Electromyographic (EMG) activities were simultaneously recorded from the genioglossus (GG), the tongue retruding (TR) muscles, and the anterior temporal (TA), the posterior temporal (TP), the masseteric (Mass) and the digastric (Dig) muscles under various conditions.
The results were as follows
1. EMG activities of the GG and the TR muscles were increased during clenching, voluntary and passive jaw-opening, and chin-tapping.
2. Electrical stimulation of the deep temporal and masseteric nerves evoked H-reflex in the TA and the Mass muscles. EMG activities in the GG and the TR muscles were detected as the intensity of the electrical stimulation were increased.
3. The tonic vibration reflex (TVR) was induced in the jaw-closing muscles by applying vibratory stimulation to the bellies of the TA and the Mass muscles. EMG activities of the GG and the TR muscles were increased as the TA muscle activity was increased.
It is concluded that the JTR is elicited in man and suggested that low threshold afferent fibers from the jaw-closing muscles, mainly the temporal muscle, were involved in eliciting the JTR in man.

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ヒト唾液腺多形性腺腫における間質型 (I) および軟骨型 (II, IX) コラーゲン分布の免疫組織化学的検索

マリアグアダルッペフロレスルナ

1996 年 63 巻 1 号 p. 122-130
発行日: 1996/03/31
公開日: 2010/10/08

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5357/koubyou.63.122

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The expression patterns of type I, II and IX collagens in chondromyxoid tissue of salivary pleomorphic adenomas were examined by immunohistochemistry. In the early stage of cartilage development, type IX collagen was detected intracytoplasmically, mainly in the proliferating myoepithelial cells and not in the extracellular matrix. Proliferating myoepithelial cells did not show chondrocytic characteristics at this stage. Type I and II collagens were co-distributed in the extracellular matrix of myxoid tissue. In the chondroid tissue, variable immunostaining patterns of type I and II collagens were also observed. Some proliferating myoepithelial cells in myxoid and chondroid tissue were immunostained with anti-α-smooth muscle actin antibody indicating their myoepithelial origin. These results suggested that proliferating myoepithelial cells may be the origin of the chondroid tissue and the expression of type IX collagen in cartilaginous tissue precedes the expression of type I and II collagens.

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顔面皮膚感覚に及ぼす顎矯正手術の影響

―新検査法による解析―

小林明子

1996 年 63 巻 1 号 p. 131-152
発行日: 1996/03/31
公開日: 2010/10/08

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5357/koubyou.63.131

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This study introduces an original testing method on facial skin sensation and describes the results obtained by its application to patients after orthognathic surgery.
The alterations of skin sensation in lower lip and chin area were examined in 135 patients who had undergone orthognathic surgery, by application of electrical stimulation through an original pencil shaped probe. Detection threshold of the same area before surgery were used as control, and the location and size of the area with thresholds higher than control levels were measured. The control thresholds ranged from 0.13 mA to 0.21 mA.
The higher threshold area was found in 86.3% of all the patients in 1 month after surgery, in 27.7% after 1 year. The threshold levels declined with the time, and in none of the patients the threshold level was higher than 1.0 mA more than 2 years after surgery. The patients whose threshold level was more than 1.0 mA in 1 month postoperatively showed a tendency to have the area with a threshold higher than the control level even 1 year later (p<0.0001) . The threshold of the younger patients tended to improve smoothly than the older. In addition, the patients with a shorter set-back or advance distance had a slighter sensory disturbance and recovered more smoothly than those with a longer distance.

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リズミカルな顎運動中にみられるウサギ下腿筋運動ニューロンの相反性Ia抑制の減弱

田中立弥

1996 年 63 巻 1 号 p. 153-163
発行日: 1996/03/31
公開日: 2010/10/08

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5357/koubyou.63.153

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The purpose of this study was to investigate how the reciprocal inhibition of the ankleflexor motoneuron by the ankle-extensor spindle afferents is altered during cortically-induced rhythmical jaw movement (RJM) in urethane-anesthetized rabbit. The monosynaptic reflex (MSR) was induced by test shock of the common peroneal nerve (CPN) and recorded from a distal point of the nerve. The conditioning shock applied to the tibial nerve (TN) at the intensity below 1.2 times the threshold caused a significant inhibition of the MSR in the CPN.
The inhibition tended to slightly decrease with an increase in amplitude of the test MSR with either application of stronger test shock or during RJM. The decrease of the reciprocal inhibition significantly exceeded the degree that can be ascribed to the increase of the amplitude of the MSR during RJM. The reciprocal inhibition was significantly reduced during fictive as well as actual RJM.
It was concluded that (1) the reciprocal Ia inhibition of the crural motoneurons in the rabbit is reduced with RJM and (2) the intraoral sensory input is not essential for this reduction.
This study indicated that the oral motor activity generally exerts a strong influence on the bodily motor function.

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ヒト下顎張反射に及ぼす顎口腔領域の持続的疼痛の影響

大橋功

1996 年 63 巻 1 号 p. 164-173
発行日: 1996/03/31
公開日: 2010/10/08

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5357/koubyou.63.164

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顎口腔領域の片側性疼痛を有する被験者群12名, 対照群12名において, オトガイ正中部叩打により誘発した下顎張反射を両側咬筋の表面筋電図活動において記録し, 反射の潜時を計測した。健常被験者12名において, 左右の潜時に有意差は認められなかった (P>0.05, t-test) 。一方, 片側性有痛被験者全員において, 治療前の有痛時に患側の潜時は健側より短かった (P<0.05) 。
さらに, 被験者群のうち8名について, 治療前の有痛時と治療後の疼痛消失時における潜時を比較したところ, 全例において治療前の有痛時に存在した左右差は, 治療後の疼痛消失時には認められなかった (P>0.05) 。
以上のことから, 下顎張反射の潜時を左右で比較する方法は, 顎・顔面・口腔領域に片側性疼痛を有する患者において, 疼痛の有無および患側の非観血的客観的同定法として有効であることが明らかになった。

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Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans血清型d, eの多糖抗原の精製および臨床分離株との関連について

山本松男

1996 年 63 巻 1 号 p. 174-187
発行日: 1996/03/31
公開日: 2010/10/08

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5357/koubyou.63.174

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Oral Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans strains have been classified into five serotypes. The aim of this study was to determine the compositions of A. actinomycetemcomitans serotype d- and e- specific antigens. The serodistribution of clinical isolates from the patients with periodontitis were also investigated. Serotype-specific polysaccharide antigens of A. actinomycetemcomitans IDH 781 (serotype d) and OMZ 534 (serotype e) were extracted from whole cells by autoclaving. The extracts were purified by chromatography on DEAE-Sepharose CL-6B and Sephacryl S-300HR columns. The serotype d antigen was composed of rhamnose (17. 1%), mannose (45.5%), galactose (2.0%) and glucose (35.5%) . On the other hand, the serotype e antigen was composed of rhamnose (23.9%), mannose (29.1%), galactose (11.0%), glucose (13. 5%) and unidentified sugar (22.5%) . Immunodiffusion tests revealed that the purified polysaccharide antigen form a single precipitin line with the corresponding rabbit antiserum. A total of 157 A. actinomycetemcomitans clinical isolates from diseased sites of 39 patients with periodontitis were serotyped by using serotype-specific rabbit antisera against A. actinomycetemcomitans serotype a, b, c, d and e strains. In the immunodiffusion assay, the autoclaved extracts of 42, 12, 34, 8 and 41 A. actinomycetemcomitans clinical isolates reacted with serotype a, b, c, d and e antisera, respectively. These findings indicate that the extraction of serotype antigens by autoclaving is useful and definite for the serotyping of A. actinomycetemcomitans clinical isolates.

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色彩色差計による口腔粘膜疾患の色彩測定に関する研究

山城正司

1996 年 63 巻 1 号 p. 188-207
発行日: 1996/03/31
公開日: 2010/10/08

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5357/koubyou.63.188

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Color observation is essential to diagnose oral mucosal lesions. In order to measure and record the color of the oral mucosa more objectively, colorimeters were evaluated. The non-contact-type colorimeter showed considered values comparable with those of visual color matching and was reliable.
The color distribution of the normal oral mucosa was from 5.0R to 4.1YR in hue, 3.5 to 6.0 in value, and 3.7 to 6.7 in chroma. The color distribution of leukoplakia was from 2.6RP to 3.4YR in hue, 3.7 to 7.0 in value, and 0.3 to 8.3 in chroma and the ranges thereof were considerably broader than those of normal mucosa and other mucosal lesions. The higher chroma of leukoplakia was, the severer epithelial dysplasia was.
The color distribution of oral cancer was from 3.0R to 8.2YR in hue, 2.7 to 6.4 in value, and 3.0 to 7.8 in chroma. The ranges of color distribution was broader than those of normal mucosa and narrower than those of leukoplakia.
The color distribution of lichen planus was from 1.7R to 8.9R in hue, 3.5 to 6.3 in value, and 3.6 to 8.5 in chroma. The chroma of erythema is the highest of all mucosal lesions.
Some oral mucosal lesions are suggested to have characteristic colors.

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脱灰骨粉末填入部への実験的歯の移動による組織学的変化

宇治正光

1996 年 63 巻 1 号 p. 208-221
発行日: 1996/03/31
公開日: 2010/12/08

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5357/koubyou.63.208

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Recently, secondary bone grafting for the alveolar cleft of cleft lip and palate patients has carried out generally with the object of connecting the alveolar cleft, of leading the tooth eruption, of control the tooth axis. In this study, the experimental tooth movements to the area were tested and the histological changes were investigated with adult cats.
The experimental defects of 2mm in diameter were made at the alveolar bone mesial to the both maxillary first molar. At the experimental side, DBP were stuffed into the defect. Only defects were made at the control side. The tooth were moved for 6 weeks.
The restoration of the defect hadn't occurred at the control side after 14 weeks. While appositional bone growth and new bone formation surrounding the DBP were observed, and complete restoration had be already occurred at experimental side after only 8 weeks. In the group which tooth movement were started after 1 week, the existing alveolar bone were bent to mesial at both side.
In the group were started after 8 weeks, the existing alveolar bone were bent to mesial at the control side, either. The DBP and new bone were resorbed at the same time at the experimental side.

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矯正治療における歯の移動様相の生力学的検討

野田隆夫

1996 年 63 巻 1 号 p. 222-230
発行日: 1996/03/31
公開日: 2010/10/08

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5357/koubyou.63.222

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The purpose of this study was to analyze tooth movement by measuring the electric impedance of the wire and by using the nonlinear finite element analysis.
In this study, the HP4338A Milliohmmeter was used and the model consisted of a metal tooth, silicone bath, bracket, and orthodontic wire.
Then, the two-dimensional finite elements were used and the model consisted of tooth, periodontal ligament, alveolar bone, bracket, and orthodontic wire. There were two analyses. The first was the contact nonlinear finite element analysis of elastic deformation in the displaced tooth at the slide points between the bracket and wire where two gap element areas existed, and the second was the material nonlinear finite element analysis of the stress relaxation in bone at the fixing points between the bracket and wire where two rigid element areas, differing from the gap element areas, existed.
The results were as follows:
1. The linear proportion between the electric impedance and the orthodontic wire was found. Therefore very minute tooth movements became measurable with changes of the wire electric impedance.
2. During tooth movement, the stick between the bracket and the wire altered with the slip ones repeatedly.
3. The movement of the displaced tooth at the center of rotation was counterclockwise.
4. The movement of the displaced tooth at the bracket position was clockwise.

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スメアー層が歯科用セメントの合着力に及ぼす影響

小沼正樹

1996 年 63 巻 1 号 p. 231-242
発行日: 1996/03/31
公開日: 2010/10/08

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5357/koubyou.63.231

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Effects of smeared layer on the bond strength between dentin and dental cements were evaluated. Four surface conditions (No treatment, K-etchant, Dentin conditioner and EDTA) were prepared on the ground dentin of bovine frontal teeth. A copper tube was fixed and filled with a dental cement (zinc-phosphate cement or glass-polyalkenoate cement) . A hook was embedded in the tube, with or without 1 MPa load during cementation. The bond strength was measured by a tensile test using a universal testing machine. No treatment had the largest bond strength of zinc-phosphate cement with or without load. No treatment, Dentin conditioner and EDTA had large bond strengths of glass-polyalkenoate cement with or without load; the bond strength of K-etchant was small without load and comparable to those of other surface condi-tions when load was applied. These results suggested that the bond strength of three surface conditions was not stronger than that of no treatment. Therefore, the elimination of smeared layer was concluded to have no advantage for increasing the bond strength between dentin and dental cements.

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新しいグラスアイオノマーセメント

庄野常一, 田上順次

1996 年 63 巻 1 号 p. 243
発行日: 1996/03/31
公開日: 2010/10/08

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5357/koubyou.63.243

ジャーナルフリー

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前後的下顎位に対する下顎後方運動誘導部の影響

三好光平, 藍稔

1996 年 63 巻 1 号 p. 244
発行日: 1996/03/31
公開日: 2010/10/08

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5357/koubyou.63.244

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刺激のランダム化をはかった歯牙刺激用定電流アイソレータ

海野雅浩, 小長谷光, 深山治久, 北川尚

1996 年 63 巻 1 号 p. 245
発行日: 1996/03/31
公開日: 2010/10/08

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5357/koubyou.63.245

ジャーナルフリー

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マクロファージの微結晶HAp貪食活性

福地紀之, 赤尾勝

1996 年 63 巻 1 号 p. 246
発行日: 1996/03/31
公開日: 2010/10/08

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5357/koubyou.63.246

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非水系電解液を用いた大型チタン試片の電解研磨について

高橋英和, 森田直久, 西村文夫

1996 年 63 巻 1 号 p. 247
発行日: 1996/03/31
公開日: 2010/10/08

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5357/koubyou.63.247

ジャーナルフリー

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第60回口腔病学会学術大会講演抄録

1996 年 63 巻 1 号 p. 249-264
発行日: 1996/03/31
公開日: 2010/10/08

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5357/koubyou.63.249

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