Electron diffraction investigations have led to the following conclusions:(1) As the substances produced by the actions of xanthates on the copper-activated cleavage face, only cuprous xanthates are revealed by electron diffraction. The crystallites of the cuprous xanthates are oriented, on one hand, at random, and have, on the other, a fibre orientation with the fibre axis normal to the cleavage face. The result, in which these two are accompanied with each other, is obtained over a wide range of pH and concentration of the aqueous xanthates.
(2) In the fibre structures of cuprous xanthates it is supposed that their molecules are oriented steeply to the cleavage face, and are built up in a manner involved in built-up Y film. The Surface state favourable for rendering the cleavage face hydrophobic seems to lie In these fibre structures of cuprous xanthates.
(3) In the actions of xanthates on the copper-activated cleavage face presumably the dixanthogens are also produced. It seems, however, that these are not adsorbed to the surface as themselves, but are converted to the cuprous xanthates, which are then adsorbed to the surface.
(4) If the unfortunate limitation of the applicability of the electron diffraction method is kept in mind, however, the possibility of the existence of some very thin adsorbed layer of, e. g., xanthic acids can not necessarily be rejected.
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