The problem of maintaining population levels in local cities and the agricultural hamlets around them or far from them has been a serious subject on the rural planning. The conditions of maintaining population levels are composed of many kinds of fields. And many researchers tackle with its study.
The aim of this study is to look at the following points:
(1) Views of the inhabitants to the havitabilities of the hamlets in local cities.
(2) Wether inhabitants intend, to continue living in the hamlets and the cities.
(3) The value put on the principal regional facilities by the inhabitants.
(4) The value put on the to the principal conditions in the neighborhoods by the inhabitants.
We chose Sano city as the object of this study. It has a population of 83, 000 and it is in Totigi prefecture. Sano city is composed of 90 hamlets under provision by the Census of Agriculture. We chose 22 hamlets as the objects of this study.
In this study. We sent out questionnaires to 1, 016 inhabitants and received 917 replies. The results of the questionair showed following tendencies:
(1) On a question of the havitability, 58.3% of people were answered their lives were comfortable and 16.6% of people answered their lives were uncomfortable.
(2) The reasons of their comfortabilities were the environment of the city and the convenience on living. (3) The answer “uncomfortable” was a minority but their reasons were the inconvenience on shopping, utility the regional facilities, and the trafical conditions. (4) On a question of the intentions to continue the living in city, 77.4% of people answered to continue to live there.
(5) The reasons to continue living in city are given the existence of immovable properties, their personal histories in there, the existence of a family tomb and the existence of friends.
(6) The response to the question of the value put on the regional facilities, the highly valued items were infant schools, elementary and junior high schools, principal cultural facilities, and principal sports facilities.
(7) The low-valued facilities were the medical facilities, socialwelfare facilities for aged people, and the facilities of amusements, facilities of amusements, facilities for leisure and the small open space for aged people.
(8) The response to the question of the value put on the environmental conditions, there were no high-valued items in 12 items.
(9) Especially, as the low-valued items, there were the branch roads in hamlets, the street lamps, the drainage systems in tiles and the facilities of traffic safety.

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Rural areas have been composed by multi-functional elements, and the elements have produced many kinds of ecotone, which enhance diverse and particular species. Rural areas have also composed a relatively closed ecosystem, and in which the usage of resource beome the maintenance of it, and vi-ce versa . Modernization and urbanization have drastically changed the rural areas, and the traditional characteristics have gradually disappeared and various kind of problem have emerged. Now, we must wholly evaluate the traditional rural system from local and global environmental point of view, and we must make adequate governmental policy based on the democratic process.

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