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Nobusuke IWASAKI, David SPRAGUE
2005 Volume 24 Issue Special_Issue Pages
S1-S6
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2007
JOURNAL
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The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between land use change and the habitat expansion of the Japanese macaque in central Bousou Peninsula. In the 1880's, about 30% of the study area was occupied by grassland and coniferous forest, while broad-leaved forests were fragmented. This means suitable habitat for Japanese macaque was fragmented and habitat expansion was obstructed. From the 1880's, 1960's, to the 1980's, the area of broad-leaved forest expanded rapidly. With this land use change, the habitat of the Japanese macaque also expanded.
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—Case study of Sakuragawa and Kokaigawa river basin in Ibaraki prefecture—
Yoshinobu Kusumoto, Toshiya Ohkuro, Makoto Ide
2005 Volume 24 Issue Special_Issue Pages
S7-S12
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2007
JOURNAL
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The aim of this study is to indicate the relationships between the management history and vegetation types of fallow paddy field and abandoned paddy fields in low land regions as basic information for the agricultural land resource maintenance. All sampled stands were classified into 9 vegetation types by cluster analysis and INSPAN (Indicator Species Analysis). Divisions of natural structure were related to some vegetation types, and then we executed the hearing investigation of the management history to the owner of vegetation types with a not clear relation to divisions of natural structure, and management history determining each vegetation type were detected positively by using multiple regression analysis. These results support the conclusion that vegetation types is produced from management history.
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Satoshi Osawa
2005 Volume 24 Issue Special_Issue Pages
S13-S18
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2007
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In this paper, the image of small animals at waterside for children of today was discussed, by the investigation of play and wildlife experience of them in waterside. It was not difference clearly to playing on waterside between schoolchildren living in rural area and in residential urban area, because children had hardly played on waterside. But, children had enjoyed the catching of aquatic small animals even now, and most of them had the experience in meeting frog on paddy fields. It was considered that conservation of biotope for small animals such as frog was needed in wetland environment improvement and restoration, from view point of the play of children.
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Kyoko ISHIKAWA, Atsuki AZUMA
2005 Volume 24 Issue Special_Issue Pages
S19-S24
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2007
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Japanese rice fish is a fresh water fish that represents the paddy field area. In this research area, Kanzaki district in Iwate Prefecture, a farm land consolidation is planned in fiscal 2007, therefore the consideration plan to habitation of the fish is requested on this research area. Then, we were investigated to clarify habitat factor of the fish in the paddy field area in this research. As a result, early flow velocity into the canal and the head between the paddy field and the ditch was a negative factor for the life of the fish in irrigation period. On the other hand, a high water temperature into the canal was a positive factor for them in non-irrigation period.
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Yushi TSURUMI, Masahiro NAKAJIMA, Yutaro SENGA
2005 Volume 24 Issue Special_Issue Pages
S25-S30
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2007
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This study identifies the actual condition and issues of resource circulation system. The research site was the “Rainbow Plan”, which promotes the composting of kitchen garbage in Nagai-city, Yamagata Prefecture. Through the use of survey-based interviews, the following things were clarified; 1) This system can be classified into 9 sections. 2) This system consists of the participation of 25 subjects such as residents, farmers, a NPO, etc. 3) Certain management structures pose challenges for a sustainable activity.
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—Results from the field survey of rape oil using cases in Rotenburg, Neidersachsen—
Emi TAKEYAMA
2005 Volume 24 Issue Special_Issue Pages
S31-S36
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2007
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In this case study, the actual situation of using rape oil as fuel at farm level, as an appropriate example of local biomass energy use, is made clear, by the field survey in Rotenburg, Neidersachsen, Germany. As a result, the following conditions are pointed as promoting factors of local biomass energy use.
1. Profitable tariff rate for biomass fuel, pushing the growth of farmer's consideration for environment
2. Totally rape use, not only oil itself as fuel, but also oil cake as feed in the livestock sector, resulting in the total economical benefit in the researched farm, as a typical example of German multi farming system.
3. Profitable purchasing price of electricity for the small scale biomass generation under the Renewable Energy Act
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Based on the Heckscher-Ohlin-Vanek (HOV) Theorem
Kumiko Kondo
2005 Volume 24 Issue Special_Issue Pages
S37-S42
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2007
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This paper aims to examine the domestic water resource transactions in Japan. In order to understand the entire water circulation among Japan's manufacturing sectors, the virtual water flow analysis, which quantifies the water consumed to produce intermediate and final goods, is necessary. It is accomplished by utilizing the Japanese Regional Input-Output Tables and Census of Manufactures (1995 and 2000). This paper also provides comparisons between the calculated results and other estimations that are based on the Heckscher-Ohlin-Vanek theorem.
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Tomoumi FUJISHINA, Wataru OZAWA
2005 Volume 24 Issue Special_Issue Pages
S43-S48
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2007
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Human beings must establish a sustainable, recycling-based society, which is involved in the recycling of organic waste. We analyzed the sustainable development of the organic waste recycling system of Tachikawa Town in Yamagata on the basis of three standards of sustainable development—ecological prudence, economic efficiency, and social equity. The results are as follows. The evaluation of ecological prudence reveals that this system circulates the resources—from kitchen garbage to compost and from compost to rice products—without any leftovers. The evaluation of economic efficiency shows that the total benefit of this system is more than its total cost. The evaluation of social equity reveals that fiscal expenditure of the town on this system is proportional to the citizens' willingness to pay.
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-A Study on Availability of Stable Isotope Ratios Approach to Examine Paddy Water Ecosystem-
Satoru KONAGAYA, Hisashi KOBAYASHI
2005 Volume 24 Issue Special_Issue Pages
S49-S54
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2007
JOURNAL
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For the purpose of examining on role of irrigation and cultivation system to paddy ecosystem, we study species and number of Odonata larvae and analyze the stable isotope ratios of the Odonata larvae and the plankton/detritus in water of paddy fields and irrigation ponds. As a results, cultivation system clearly effects to composition of species and number of Odonata larvae. δ
13C indicates that
Orthetrum albistylum speciosum larvae and
Coenagrionidae spp. larvae which are dominant species in paddy water, depend on specified food sources, each other. δ
15N shows that the trophic level of Odonata larvae is higher than that of the plankton/detritus in paddy water. It is considered that analyze the stable isotope ratios application is effective to examine water ecosystem and food web in paddy.
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—Case Study of Yamatosakuragawa district in Ibaraki Prefecture—
Yoshihisa KIMURA, Kenji MATSUMORI, Yoshitomi TSUTSUI
2005 Volume 24 Issue Special_Issue Pages
S55-S60
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2007
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Rich and beautiful rural landscape is based on moderate maintenance managements by the people. Because it has been formed by farmland, a ridge, a canal, a farm road, an irrigation pond, and so on. Also, mowing weeds plays a role of preserving a rural landscape related with agricultural-work. And it is generally managed by each farm household or community but the actual condition is not sure well. Therefore, we investigated the mowing weeds quantitatively based on the aerial photograph. As a result of investigation, it was found that a great part of the mowing weeds went for private maintenance in a plain paddy district.
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Case study of Environmentally Conscious Agriculture in Shiga Prefecture
M. KUROSAWA, T. TEZUKA
2005 Volume 24 Issue Special_Issue Pages
S61-S66
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2007
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This study examines similarities and differences between certified environmentally conscious and conventional farmers. We explore the factors that underlie farmers' conservation attitudes, including farm characteristics and awareness of and concern for environmental problems associated with agriculture. Firstly the questionnaire survey was conducted with 62 farmers in Shiga prefecture, Japan. Secondly the difference between certified and conventional farmers was examined statistically. The data suggest the certified farmers typically are younger and have larger farms than conventional farmers. The findings indicate that both groups of farmers have a concern for the environmental awareness associated with farming. Implications of these findings are discussed, relative to implication for effectiveness of conservation education and government support programs.
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-A Case Study on Winter-flooded Rice Fields-
Hironori YAGI, Takuya MINETA, Toshifumi ASHIDA, Hideharu KURITA
2005 Volume 24 Issue Special_Issue Pages
S67-S72
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2007
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This paper studied out how to locate environmental conservation rice fields considering irrigation system. We chose Tajiri town as a studied area where 20ha of winter-flooded rise production is carried on. First, interview survey was administrated to clarify farming schedule, yields, prices, variable costs, winter irrigation costs and leakage control costs. Second, regional income deference caused by land use allocation was estimated by linear programming model substituting figures from above. Regional income would become about 400 thousand yen higher in the case of income optimization than the case constrained by the present land use.
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—Case Study of the Shaya Irrigated District in the Ugen River Basin—
Abdisalam JALALDIN, Tetuaki NAGASAWA, Tadao YAMAMOTO
2005 Volume 24 Issue Special_Issue Pages
S73-S78
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2007
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Irrigation at the arid region like the Tarim river watershed causes the salinization and influences to the regional environment. In this paper, problems between the agricultural wateruse and environmental conservation discussed by real conditions of the water resource utilities. The investigated area is the Syaya irrigated district in the Ugen river basin, one of branches of the Tarim river.
The results confirmed by investigation are as follows. (1) The present conditions of irrigated agriculture has various contradictions and there are many points of improvement for conservation of the regional environment. (2) The water saving is necessary in the over all irrigation system for agricultural development. (3) Irrigated agriculture must be consolidate with drainage system for prevention the salinization and the desertification.
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Problems of the concentrated resettlement method
Toshihiko SHINE, Eiji YAMAJI
2005 Volume 24 Issue Special_Issue Pages
S79-S84
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2007
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This is a review paper on resettled village planning in the Vietnam's Central Highlands caused by large dam construction. Depend on literature survey and field survey, author concluded the centralized resettlement method made by World Bank is a dangerous way without thought on people's real situation and their priority. For farmers (include shifting cultivators), the most important thing is farmland for agricultural production. Housing is not top priority but when building house for people, planners must consider on people's own lifestyle. Good governance will be achieved by information sharing and discussion between all stakeholders.
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Masataka SEKI, Koji ITONAGA, Shinji KURIHRARA, Naoki FUJISAWA
2005 Volume 24 Issue Special_Issue Pages
S85-S90
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2007
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In this study, it aimed to present the necessity of watershed partnership by the regional management activity in the Sagami watershed. The expectation as a center group from the organization to watershed partnership is had from the watershed conference with the aspect of the watershed management. The watershed conference makes the best use of the feature as the organization, and the source region and the watershed of the role that cooperates the watershed and ties are large in the downstream region. The role that watershed partnership with the downstream region plays for the source region and the upstream region is large, and is necessary and indispensable in the future.
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-A study on the preservation and practical use of river environment in middle basin of Nakagawa river-
Joonho KIM, Nobuo MITSUHASHI, Nobuyoshi FUJIMOTO
2005 Volume 24 Issue Special_Issue Pages
S91-S96
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2007
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The subject of this paper is to clarify the actual condition of environmental preservation of rural settlement's activities in middle basin of Nakagawa river. The conclusions are as follows: 1) The consciousness of the rural settlements for the environment of Nakagawa river is high, the cleaning and beautification activities that preserve the local environment including “river cleaning” are carried out a lot. 2) The environmental preservation of rural settlement's activities is characterized by (1) rural settlement's leadership and administration's leadership, and (2) the activities for the improvement of environment and the activities for the solution of the environmental problem.
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Chiho WAKANA, Jun-ichi HIROTA
2005 Volume 24 Issue Special_Issue Pages
S97-S102
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2007
JOURNAL
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The objective of this paper is to discuss regional transportation service reconstruction and methodologies for that as a solution for the issue of expanding areas without public transportation services in rural areas. Transportation services that meet rural need could be reorganized by focusing a range of livelihood. In this paper, on the basis of the range of rural livelihood, regional transportation services are classified to three categories (community transportation, inner municipality transportation, and inter-municipality transportation). Further, as measures to secure regional transportation services, integration of transportations, DRT (demand responsive transport), and community pick-up service are proposed.
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Hoi-Hoon Chung, Tomoyuki Yodogawa, Masao Yazawa, Xiufeng Wang
2005 Volume 24 Issue Special_Issue Pages
S103-S108
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2007
JOURNAL
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This study aims to develop agricultural land use mapping technique for detection and classification of unused farmlands. Common techniques currently in use utilize the pixel as base unit for farmland mapping; this works well in big area plots (Example: China, USA), but looses efficiency in small plots common to Japanese farmlands. The developed technique targets this problem by detecting and classifying plot divisions based on remote sensing data. Image segmentation of aerial photographs generated various polygons as farmland plot divisions. These polygons were classified according to space analysis of satellite images. The results proved very useful allowing the production of unused farmland maps.
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-Southern Red River Delta, Vietnam-
Mizue Murooka, Shigeko Haruyama
2005 Volume 24 Issue Special_Issue Pages
S109-S114
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2007
JOURNAL
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Masahiro SHIINA, Makoto YOKOHARI, Shori YAMAMOTO, Shuji OKUSHIMA
2005 Volume 24 Issue Special_Issue Pages
S115-S120
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2007
JOURNAL
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Yatsu landscapes are characterized by the valley-floor paddy fields and valley-slope woodlands. The sequences of valley floor and valley-slope land-use changes were identified using grid-cell data from 1950s, 1970s and 1990s. The results enabled the land-use changes to be classified into 2 types in 1950s, and 5 types in 1970s and 1990s respectively. They suggest that the sequence of land-use changes were heavily influenced by the improvement, abandonment and urbanization of paddy fields and woodlands. In addition, the following work discusses the influence of topography on these changes.
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Case study of Y Village in Kanzaki town, Hyogo Prefecture
Ryohei YAMASHITA, Satoshi HOSHINO, Haruhiko IBA
2005 Volume 24 Issue Special_Issue Pages
S121-S126
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2007
JOURNAL
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We have developed the agricultural simulation model applying Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) and demonstrated the possibility of the model for prediction of the structural changes in agriculture for organizing regional agriculture systems at the Y community, Kanzaki town, Hyogo prefecture.
In this research, we carried out a sensitivity analysis on some crucial parameters such as rate of decrease in rice price, machine operation fees and land rent, labor efficiency of machine operations and the level of cooperativeness about land lease. As the results of this analysis, it became clear that the amelioration of cooperativeness about land lease would bring distinct effects to the future changes in agricultural structure and farmland use.
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—The simulation on basic pension finance increase by allocation of public enterprise expenditures—
Shinpei SHIMOURA, Shinichi KURIHARA
2005 Volume 24 Issue Special_Issue Pages
S127-S132
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2007
JOURNAL
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This paper conducted input-output analysis of the economic effects on gross value-added by basic pension finance increase at Hikata-town and Matsudo-City in Chiba-prefecture. The economic effects were measured in the simulation of additional household consumptions with basic pension finance increase. This finance increase is attained by allocation from public enterprise expenditures. The results were as following. Firstly, the amounts of economic effects at Hikata-town were small in comparison with the one at Matsudo-City. Secondly, in Matsudo-City, the multiplier, which is shows the marginal effect in case of additional household consumptions with basic pension finance increase by allocation from public enterprise expenditures, was bigger than Hikata-town. Thirdly, industries which increase outputs were deferent between Matsudo-City and Hikata-town.
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Kenji DOI, Kazuo MORISHITA, Naoki KOUSAKA, Hitomi NAKANISHI
2005 Volume 24 Issue Special_Issue Pages
S133-S138
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2007
JOURNAL
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TDR (Transfer of Development Rights) is a land preservation tool by which owners of property who are well situated for development acquires the development rights from a property for conservation. Since 1990s, U.S. cities have adopted TDR programs as an effective tool for achieving Smart Growth. In Netherlands, which had strict land-use regulation, TDR began to be introduced to prevent sprawl. Although Japan has many cities experiencing serious sprawl, TDR is seldom considered as a tool to cope with it. In this study, a methodology to implement TDR in Japan is suggested and the feasibility of TDR is discussed.
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Atsushi Suginaka
2005 Volume 24 Issue Special_Issue Pages
S139-S144
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2007
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The purpose of this study is to make clear the willingness of farming of Non-Resident-Farmland-Owner. According to the survey, the author finds that NRFO's willingness to pay for farmland management is negative irrelevant to their farmland's geographical condition. This means that NRFO still recognize their farm not as environmental goods that needs investment but as farm assets. Furthermore, by making logit-analysis, the author finds that the length of inhabitation in urban area is a significant factor of farmland owners' decision of farmland abandonment. It also proved that local government's notification concerning the necessity of management is effective for prevention of abandonment.
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A case study from Usambara Mountains, northern Tanzania
Ayako TOKO, Shigeko HARUYAMA
2005 Volume 24 Issue Special_Issue Pages
S145-S150
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2007
JOURNAL
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Today, the involvement of local communities becomes increasingly important for natural resource management. This study focuses on ‘community-based forest management (CBFM)’ and outlines a case from Tanzania in order to identify underlying causes and influencing factors. Study results showed an existing gap between the government's picture of CBFM Although acted in good faith, community-based approaches can have unforeseen reverse effects. To be effective, forest policy must include practical guidelines and financial support and integrate local knowledge and experience. Both interviews and questionnaires have shown the potential willing of people to be more involved in forest management. These unused human recourses could be mobilised by means of awareness raising campaigns, practical guidelines, and a better distribution of information.
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Nobuo Mitsuhashi, Motohiro Kamata, Narufumi Fukuyo, Yukihiko Saitoh, H ...
2005 Volume 24 Issue Special_Issue Pages
S151-S156
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2007
JOURNAL
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The paper examines and discusses the planning methods and process of Welsh “Communities First” programme launched in 2001. Results of case study in a Welsh local town are also described. The programme could be identified as the following features: 1) the programme is a long-term strategy for improving the living conditions and prospects for people in the most disadvantaged communities in Wales; 2) the project area is rather small such as a electoral division; 3) capacity building of local people and organizations under the partnership of public, private and voluntary sectors is especially required; 4) ‘Rural Community Action Partnership’ organized within the local authority, and Communities First Support Network within Wales Assembly are both supporting the local partnership, the planning body.
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The case of Morioka city in Iwate and Karuizawa Town in Nagano
Mariko NAGASAKA, Shinji YAMAMOTO
2005 Volume 24 Issue Special_Issue Pages
S157-S162
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2007
JOURNAL
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In recent years, the alleviation of friction between humans and wildlife has become an issue throughout Japan. The response of municipalities has been to resort to direct measures like the extermination of animals in the event of damage and destruction. However, the amended Wildlife Protection and Hunting Law passed in 1999 calls for a change in a wildlife management perspective at both the national and local levels.
This paper concludes that, given the above conditions, municipalities should focus on management of bear attractant, dissemination of information, and procedures for dealing with bear sightings. Additionally, prefectures and surrounding municipalities should assist in the management of habitat and individuals.
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Tomoko KAWAGUCHI, Koji ITONAGA, Shinji KURIHARA
2005 Volume 24 Issue Special_Issue Pages
S163-S168
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2007
JOURNAL
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ASUKA-village has wrestled with the maintenance of the historical landscape as a part of regional planning. In this paper, it aims to clarify the grasps of this landscape according to the works of the administration and the activities of the regional planning in ASUKA. As a result, it was clarified that the grasps of scenery is different to each activity group, and we were able to point out various sides of the making scenery. In addition, we clarified the necessity of the cooperation with each activity, as making scenery of the whole ASUKA.
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-A Case Study on Wise Uses of Irrigation Tanks to be Abolished-
Kazuo MORISHITA, Kenji DOI, Atsushi URUSHIHARA, Hidenori MORITA
2005 Volume 24 Issue Special_Issue Pages
S169-S174
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2007
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This study suggests a methodology to consider diversified individuals' sense of values (weighting) in consensus building process. Through a case study on wise uses of irrigation tanks to be abolished, the following two points are found: a) preferable consensus building is possible when citizens of a community understand other individuals' weights based on altruistic idea, b) it is necessary that the process of consensus building through citizens' workshop follows the mechanism of improving quality of life.
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a case study of a small-scale irrigation project in Malawi
Tomoaki Arai, Eiji Yamaji, James Chikhungu
2005 Volume 24 Issue Special_Issue Pages
S175-S180
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2007
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-A Questionnaire Survey of Agricultural Gender Equality and Positive Action on Municipalities-
Yasue FUJIMOTO, Hironori YAGI
2005 Volume 24 Issue Special_Issue Pages
S181-S186
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2007
JOURNAL
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This paper studied out effect of positive action for agricultural gender equality, from county officers evaluation with ordered logit model. To reflect women's voice in rural community, it is effective for women to be farm managers, to do positive action in many farmers area, and to change women and men's gender consciousness. To make men understand promoting women to a higher position, it is necessary to make a support system.
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—The case of Aizubange town in Fukushima Prefecture—
Tomoyoshi KUMAGAI, Jun-ichi HIROTA
2005 Volume 24 Issue Special_Issue Pages
S187-S192
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2007
JOURNAL
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In this research, we analyzed a case of Fukushima Aizubange town which adopted the public participation in planning section of municipality comprehensive plan to clarify the applicable condition. As a result, to operate the system, it found the thing which needs the design of the whole process, the accumulation of the experience and the know-how, the leadership of the mayor, the support of the expert, the participation about the various sectoral plan.
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-Comparative Analysis of Questionnaire Surveys for Municipalities, City Dwellers and Rural Villagers-
Natsuko Manabe, Satoshi Hoshino, Teruhisa Yutaka
2005 Volume 24 Issue Special_Issue Pages
S193-S198
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2007
JOURNAL
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The Japanese Institute of Irrigation and Drainage (JIID) carried out the three different questionnaire surveys all over the country for i) the municipalities that promote urban-rural exchange programs, ii) the city dwellers who participate in the exchange programs and iii) the rural villagers who accept them. We analyze a great deal of text data for the free-answer questions of the questionnaires. It turned out that urban-rural exchange suitable for promotion of Hilly and Mountainous Areas and has an effect in residents' consciousness reform and environmental preservation, on the other side, has come to cancel decrease in population and aging.
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-Okayama Hattouji Furusatomura Website Development Project-
Satoshi Hoshino
2005 Volume 24 Issue Special_Issue Pages
S199-S204
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2007
JOURNAL
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In this paper, we examined potentiality of making an original website for exchange-oriented community building in a participatory manner from a planological point of view and pointed out both the internal and external merits in preparing the website of the community. We developed the website of Hattoji Furusato-mura in Okayama prefecture as a case study area and confirmed the internal effects of making it. The author insisted that the three elements of rural-urban exchange strategy, community building and making a website have powerful affinity for each other and may bring synergetic effects on the community.
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Undertake an example the Niigata Minami-Uonuma ‘Healthy YAMATOPIA Enterprise’
Minoru KUMANO, Tatsumi KAMENO
2005 Volume 24 Issue Special_Issue Pages
S205-S210
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2007
JOURNAL
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Recently, the number of municipalities that try to attempt regional development because of an increase of the tourist has increased in the farm village. This research analyzed the “Healthy YAMATOPIA Enterprise” and it aimed at clarifying the knowledge and important matter of the enterprise. Consequently, evaluation of a user was understood that it is high and there are many repeaters. From now on, exploitation of a new customer and the improvement of a program are required.
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Kenji Terada, Kentaro Yoshida
2005 Volume 24 Issue Special_Issue Pages
S211-S216
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2007
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Rice-terrace partnership programs had been increasing since 1993, and there were 165 programs all over Japan as of 2003. However, some of them had already been canceled. The aim of this study is to reveal factors of the sustainability of programs and characteristics of participants. Results indicated that participants were likely to join a program which had enough instructors and was nearer to their residence. Moreover they prefer to receive a larger amount of rice and are willing to pay a larger fee for the program. It was also demonstrated that most of the characteristics of participants were similar to that of allotment users.
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-By the comparison of community management cases in city center with those in suburban area-
Naoko SAIO, Akihiro MIENO
2005 Volume 24 Issue Special_Issue Pages
S217-S222
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2007
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Since manicipal mergers advances in recent years through Japan, administrative districts have spread, and public services have been apt to be slim. The trend has introduced making of the new organization by resident participation and performing of positive community planning in a human scale area that is an old village or elementary and junior high school districts. These new organizations have a function as a kind of community management organization, acting independently from preexisting residents' association. We can call them “Community Think-Tank”. These take activity form of the NPO type that independent participation of residents is easy to get. Therefore the activity will be expected as flexible and positive community management.
In this paper, the actual situation of these community management are investigated on-the-spot, and compared seven cases of rural/suburban/city center areas, and clarified the activity effects, roles, and problems, particularly in rural area.
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—In case of Asahi-ecomuseum—
Yoshiaki MUKAIDA, Jun-ichi HIROTA, Tomoyoshi KUMAGAI
2005 Volume 24 Issue Special_Issue Pages
S223-S228
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2007
JOURNAL
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Recently, the country folk museum and ecomuseum are topic in the purpose of the revitalization of rural community. Hiratsuka City museum Noda City museum and Yamagata Prefecture Asahi town is known as an advanced case. We analyzed the Asahi-ecomuseum by the catching investigation as the questionnaire survey. As a result, it was clarified of the possession of the effect in the form of three. One is a rediscovery of a regional resource and the use. The second Relations in business of tourism. And revitalization of rural community.
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Kazuyuki KOBAYASHI, Makoto YOKOHARI, Akinibu MURAKAMI, Takashi WATANAB ...
2005 Volume 24 Issue Special_Issue Pages
S229-S234
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2007
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The aim of this research was to identify how the urban agriculture program (Kabuhayan sa Gulayan urban agriculture program) in Metro Manila is implemented, with a focus on the supportive roles of various stakeholders. This program started in order to improve the living condition of the urban poor and reduce urban waste. There are the Department of Agriculture, the Municipal Agricultural Office, the Barangays, and Non-Governmental Organizations as participants. When its attention was paid to a participant's program enforcement situation, this program has the character that the Barangays can support that “selection of farmers” and “use of compost”. The reason was thought that Barangay was administrative organization with a small-scale, it was mentioned that opinion adjustment with residents was able to be performed. It is important that Barangay participates this program.
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Youngjae CHO, Eiji YAMAJI
2005 Volume 24 Issue Special_Issue Pages
S235-S240
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2007
JOURNAL
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The aim of this study is to suggest planning direction of eco-village as alternative technology for rural development of Korea. The concept and conditions of eco-village was re-established on the basis of three categories, living environment, production environment and natural environment. Three villages representing a typical rural village of Korea were selected, and were surveyed about their general and environmental conditions. From the study, the basic planning direction for creating an eco-village in rural area of Korea was suggested.
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A study on the universal design of the rural environment
Masashi Yamashita, Chie Katayama, Kiyomitsu Kudo
2005 Volume 24 Issue Special_Issue Pages
S241-S246
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2007
JOURNAL
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This paper analyzed the content of the barrier concerning the living environment and the production environment in rural area, and saw the resident's evaluation to those barriers. As a result, the following were clarified.
In the interview survey, some items of the living environment such as “There is no rest room rested readily in the village” have been extracted. Moreover, some items of the production environment such as “The slope in the levee is wide. The difference is high and dangerous” have been extracted.
On the other hand, the relation between the attribute and the barrier was clarified in the questionnaire survey. For instance, there were a lot of dissatisfaction with “There were a lot of small differences in the personal house” and “The operation of the machine is difficult”, etc. in the aged for the living environment.
In addition, the axis of the synthesis such as “Bigness and smallness in barrier of private space” was requested by the principal component analysis for the living environment. Moreover, the axis of the synthesis such as “Bigness and smallness in barrier of farmland condition” was requested for production environment.
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Masayuki MORIYAMA, Ko FUJIYAMA, Atsuo OKA
2005 Volume 24 Issue Special_Issue Pages
S247-S252
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2007
JOURNAL
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This paper aims to evaluate effectiveness of rural road improvement using questionnaire survey for residents. Effectiveness of road improvement is measured by not only aggregate analysis but also ordered probit model. It is found to improve ‘Vitalization of transport behavior’, ‘Customer satisfaction for road improvement’, ‘Living environment of community’ and ‘Settlement intention in the community’ are applied as evaluation indicators.
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—A case study in the Sannai village in Akita Prefecture—
Masaya TAKAHASHI, Akira HIYANE
2005 Volume 24 Issue Special_Issue Pages
S253-S258
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2007
JOURNAL
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This study was examined on opinion distribution of the resident for the municipality consolidation for Sannai village in Akita Prefecture. As a result of the investigation, the distance from the national road to the settlement was related in the viewpoint of the convenience of the life in the opinion distribution. It was also proven that the agriculture condition of the settlement influenced for the opinion distribution.
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—A Case of a Local Food : OYAKI in Ogawa Village, Nagano Pref.—
Aya MIZUTANI, Masahiro NAKAJIMA, Yutaro SENGA
2005 Volume 24 Issue Special_Issue Pages
S259-S264
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2007
JOURNAL
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This study focuses on “OYAKI” a local food in Ogawa village in mountainous area. This study shows how the process of making OYAKI changed and the change in peoples' attitudes to it. Even though there has been a decline in traditional agriculture in the area and the life style was changed because of the impact of the modern economy, OYAKI is still widely eaten. In the past, OYAKI was considered as a basic food stuff, nowadays it is held in esteem as a kind of “healthy” and “gourmet” food. The culture of OYAKI contribute to increase people's pride and attachment to the traditional rural way of life.
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Focusing on regional characteristics
Hiroshi HIRAI
2005 Volume 24 Issue Special_Issue Pages
S265-S270
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2007
JOURNAL
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For the elderly people, ability of going out is needed to keep one's health and promote to partake in society. But regional factor is as important as personal physical factors.
The aim of this study is to: 1. Examine the frequency and distance of going-out between the elderly living in urban and rural area. 2. Examine factors relating to giving up to going out.
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New Roles and Participation of Elderly People in Aging Community
Maiko SUGAWARA, Hiroshi AIZAWA, Tomoko IHASHI
2005 Volume 24 Issue Special_Issue Pages
S271-S276
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2007
JOURNAL
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Aging society has faced the difficulty of maintaining community environment or succeeding characteristic culture, especially in rural area. The purpose of this paper is to show the new roles and the conditions of social participation for elderly people in the future sustainable community. We investigate the amount of residents' knowledge of community, the way of showing their social management abilities and the reasons for hiding part of them.
To sustain aging community, it is important to evaluate their latent abilities and to arrange the opportunities for showing them. In addition, elderly people themselves need to recognize their new roles of community management.
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—Using Data of 9,248 Aged People Living in 28 School Districts in Chita Peninsula—
Yukinobu Ichida, Goshu Yoshikawa, Hiroshi Hirai, Katsunori Kondo, Shin ...
2005 Volume 24 Issue Special_Issue Pages
S277-S282
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2007
JOURNAL
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This paper investigates linkage between social capital and individual health using multilevel analysis. Data for the analysis is based on 9,248 people over 65 years old living in 28 school districts in Chita peninsula. Results show that school-district-level contextual effects are found for average income and social capital. Importantly, it is argued that without adopting a multilevel approach, the debate on linkage between individual health and social capital cannot be adequately addressed.
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