Nippon Ronen Igakkai Zasshi. Japanese Journal of Geriatrics
Print ISSN : 0300-9173
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Volume 51, Issue 3
Displaying 1-19 of 19 articles from this issue
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Table of Contents
The 55th Annual Meeting of the Japan Geriatrics Society
Symposium 1: Current situation and vision for common disease in the elderly
Panel Discussion 2: Actual state of activity of the Regional Bases for Co-operation between Medical and Long-term Care in their own communities
Original Articles
  • Determinants of changes in physical fitness after a square-stepping exercise program in community-dwelling older Japanese females
    Takashi Jindo, Kenji Tsunoda, Yuki Soma, Naruki Kitano, Taishi Tsuji, ...
    2014 Volume 51 Issue 3 Pages 251-258
    Published: 2014
    Released on J-STAGE: July 04, 2014
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3143/geriatrics.51.251
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate determinants of changes in physical fitness after a fall-prevention exercise program in older females.
    Methods: The study subjects included 83 community-dwelling females 65 years of age or older (mean age: 70.4±4.0 years) living in Kasama City, rural Japan. All subjects participated in a fall-prevention exercise program called square-stepping exercise (SSE) conducted once a week for 11 weeks. In order to assess the physical fitness benefits of by the exercise program, we measured the results of five physical performance tests: grip strength, one leg stand, sit and reach, timed up and go and the choice-stepping reaction time. In addition, we evaluated comprehensive physical fitness scores based on the standardized total score of the five physical performance tests. The changes in the comprehensive physical fitness score between baseline and after the program was used as the dependent variable, while the baseline values of age, education, clinical history, physical activity, Lubben social network scale, geriatric depression scale, five cognitive function test result, comprehensive physical fitness score and percentage of attendance were treated as independent variables.
    Results: A stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that the change in comprehensive physical fitness score correlated significantly with the baseline values of age (β=-0.273), the five cognitive function test result (β=0.293) and comprehensive physical fitness score (β=-0.607).
    Conclusions: These results suggest that older females with a low level of physical fitness at baseline are more likely to improve their physical fitness with a period of exercise training. However, the improvements in physical fitness are lower in older females with a low level of cognitive function than in those with a high level of cognitive function.
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  • Relationship between the swallowing function and the health-related QOL among community-dwelling dependent elderly persons
    Naoko Morisaki, Hiroko Miura, Shingo Moriya, Shuichi Hara
    2014 Volume 51 Issue 3 Pages 259-263
    Published: 2014
    Released on J-STAGE: July 04, 2014
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3143/geriatrics.51.259
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Aim: We examined the relationship between the swallowing function and the health-related QOL (quality of life) among community-dwelling dependent elderly persons.
    Methods: The subjects included 191 community-dwelling dependent elderly persons. Data were collected via questionnaires, including information regarding age, gender, the level of care required, post-cerebrovascular disease, the health-related QOL and the swallowing function. We used the SF-8 to measure the health-related QOL and the DRACE (Dysphagia Risk Assessment for the Community-dwelling Elderly) to evaluate the swallowing function.
    Results: The average DRACE score was 4.29±3.81. In addition, the swallowing risk was found to be related to the SF (social functioning) and MH (mental health) subscales of the SF-8.
    Conclusions: Our results suggest that the swallowing function is significantly related to the health-related QOL among community-dwelling dependent elderly persons.
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  • Classification of nurse and caregiver evaluation criteria for activity care in elderly people with dementia
    Akiko Aoyagi, Masumi Nishida
    2014 Volume 51 Issue 3 Pages 264-270
    Published: 2014
    Released on J-STAGE: July 04, 2014
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3143/geriatrics.51.264
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Aim: This study aimed to classify evaluation criteria for activity care perceived by nurses and caregivers at long-term care insurance facilities to be important.
    Methods: We distributed questionnaires by mail to chief nurses and caregivers at all special nursing homes and elderly healthcare facilities in five prefectures in the Chugoku region and enrolled 657 subjects in the analysis. Answers were given on a five-point scale indicating the perceived degree of importance of the evaluation criteria. Multidimensional scaling combined with a cluster analysis was used to examine similarities.
    Results: Clusters were identified in the following categories: 1) comfort, 2) spontaneity, 3) elimination of tension and 4) interactions with others. Mean values were allocated to clusters in order of the highest category: cluster 1 (4.48), cluster 2 (4.23), cluster 3 (3.95) and cluster 4 (3.48). The two-dimensional model exhibited good relevance (RSQ of 0.948). For dimension 1, "complexity," clusters representing simple-to-complex behavior were arranged based on the highest mean values. For dimension 2, "openness," the mean values were high for clusters 1 and 2, which were close to the middle. In contrast, cluster 3, which was at the upper end, and cluster 4, which was below the middle, exhibited low values.
    Conclusions: A two-dimensional structure and four clusters that could not be understood based on conventional activity care classifications were identified, thereby clarifying future directions for evaluation criteria. The subjective importance of evaluation criteria focused on the complexity of behavior and individual openness. Versatility, comprising visual comprehension and measurability, appeared to be used as a reference.
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Supplement
  • Regional version of guidelines for the use of artificial hydration and nutrition with a decision-making support tool for older adults in Northern Iwate Prefecture, Japan
    Hiroshi Takahashi
    2014 Volume 51 Issue 3 Pages 271-276
    Published: 2014
    Released on J-STAGE: July 04, 2014
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3143/geriatrics.51.271
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    The Japan Geriatrics Society (JGS) published the JGS Guidelines for Decision-making in the Care of the Elderly Focusing on Indications for Artificial Hydration and Nutrition (AHN) in June 2012. While these guidelines have been implemented in medical practice, they have not pervaded the awareness of the common public, especially in the countryside. Therefore, we developed a set of guidelines and a support tool for the use of AHN in older adults in our community, northern Iwate Prefecture, Japan in accordance with the original guidelines. Our guidelines consist of three sections: "The wishes of the patient and his/her family members,""Evaluation of the patient's general medical condition" and "The selection of a facility for medical treatment." People from various occupations took part in our conference, including patients and their family members, attending doctors and nurses, social workers, speech therapists, nursing home staff and so on. The first and foremost priority is to consider whether the decision to extend a patient's life corresponds with that patient's own narrative. It is burdensome for non-experts to participate in a conference attended by a variety of professionals. Therefore, we created a support tool for introducing AHN in order to alleviate psychological stress among the participants of this conference. The tool consists of 28 items in which the participant is asked to answer all questions, in the expectation that this activity will reduce their mental burden. It is important to conduct such activities, as well as improve the quality of the content of the guidelines and support tool.
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Proceedings of Regional Meeting of the Japan Geriatrics Society
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