I studied the developmental process of the changes in the livers of 30 experimental murine leprosy rats by means of biopsy of 113 liver specimens obtained by partial excision repeated at intervals of 7-14 days.
The process of the early development of changes in liver was modified variously by the resistance of individual rat and the location of each lesion. The early lesion in lobulus, beside central vein, and in interstitium, develops to lepromatous picture in different course from that of each other. The early lesion of relatively resistant rat develops to lepromatous picture by way of incharacteristic and intermediate px_??_re between lepromatous and tuberculoid, or occasionally tuberculoid picture. But this _??_ rculoid change is a picture in a pre-lepromatous stadium of the change in the locus, so that this is essentially different from the tuberculoid in macular case of human leprosy.
The faculty of mobilization of monocytes to bacilli is an important factor of resistance of individual rat to bacilli.
The relation between the change in liver and that in the inoculated part of skin has been considered from the several experimental evidences.

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The facts revealed by means of puncture biopsy of livers are as follows.
(1) When the tuberculoid macules on skin disappear or transform into leucoderma, the tuberculoid lesions in livers also decline and transform into the slight infiltration of small round cells. The changes in the livers of neural leprosy patients are slighter than those of macular.
(2) The histological process of improvement of the lesions in livers of lepromatous cases has clarified.
(3) In the livers of case who have changed from lepromatous type into secondary neural type by treatment, leprous vacuoles remain yet, but there are rare granular leprosy bacilli or no bacilli. And the tuberculoid lesion may sometimes appear.
(4) In the livers of the cases on whom erythema nodosum leprosum have erupted, leproma are mostly not different from those of the cases without erythema. But the lesion of which histological picture corresponds to that of erythema on skin may appear on rare occasions, though the number of such lesion is small and the infiltration of polynuclear leucocytes in such lesion is slighter than that in erythema on skin.

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The author recognized that the dissemination of human leprosy bacilli in the mice infected with small amount of leprous nodes was much or less promoted by the injection of hyaluronidase than in the other groups included control.

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We suggested in our previous report that the complement binding reaction was not available method for diagnosis, moreover, this reaction gave unsatisfactory specificity for lepra nervosa.
In this report we have described about agglutination with new antigen which was composed of 0.1% cardiolipin 0, 05, 1% cephalin 0.15 (ratio 1: 30) and 1% kaolin. The results of this method showed higher specificity in lepra nervosa.

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In this study, experiments were carried out in vivo with rats as in vitro experiments as with tubercle bacilli are impossible. The resistance was measured by the inhibitory effect of a standard dose of isonicotinic acid hydrazid (INAH) (Hycozid: Takeda) on increasing bacillus doses.
Experimental methods and results were as follows: Bacillus strains in Experiments I and II:
Rats were inoculated with the Fukuoka strain in Exp. I and with the Kumamoto strain in Exp. II. Following development of leprosy, 51mg INAH was administered over 60 days in Exp. I and 91mg was given over 110 days in Exp. II. A suspension was made from the small leproma remaining after treatment and inoculated into another group of rats. To this group INAH was not administered over a period of 98 days in Exp. I and 164 days in Exp. II. It can be seen that the second passage leproma was used in the experiments following.
Quantity of bacilli inoculated: In both experiments suspensions of increasing dilution (×20, 200, 10³, 10⁴, 10⁵, ) were made from the above described leproma, and 0.5cc of each suspension was inoculated subcutaneously in each group of rats.
Animals : Sixty, male rats weighing 100±l0gr, were divided into groups of 6. One half of each group was untreated as controls.
Quantity of drug administered: 4mg/Kg INAH per day was administered. The drug was administered 6 connective days a week for 150 days.
Results: In Exp. I, in which the 51mg INAH treated strain was inoculated, it was found that there was little difference in the leproma which developed between the treated and control groups. It can thus be seen that this strain had developed resistance toward INAH.
In Exp. II, in which the 91mg INAH treated strain was inoculated, development of the leproma was controled considerably in the treated groups, and it was found that this strain had developed a lesser degree of resistance compared with the INAH sensitive strain.
Thus it is apparent that the 51mg treated strain developed resistance. However, the fact that the 91mg treated strain developed a lesser degree of resistance, may be due to the longer period of unadministration or to a difference in strain.

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Autoscopic changes of treachea following to treacheotomy in 14 cases of leprosy patients have been studied.
The results are following
1) The pathological changes of trachea are influenced by the tracheotomy in all cases.
2) The constriction of left bronchus is rarely occurred by the mis-treatment.
3) After the treatment of leprosy with Promin and other sulfones ulcer of trachea is healed or markedly improved, but scar and infiltration of that are not so improved.

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The reports on the conjugal infections are rate in Japan, and only 14 cases were recorded up to now.
We observed twenty cases of development of leorosy in conjugal relationship for these twenty-two years.
In fourteen cases the sources of infection were regarded as males.
The type of the origine of infection was lepromatous in all cases and the new infection developed to neural or tuberculoid form in sixteen casts.
The duration of cohabitation untill the development of diseases is 2 to 21 pears and 4 years and 8 monthes in average.
The consanguineous marriage was found in only two cases.

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