In regard to the transmission of leprosy by insects were offered utmost efforts by many preceding investigators. These investigators were consequently of different opinions concerning the possibility of the transmission of leprosy by insects. I think that the divergence of their opinions must be due to the impossibility of animal experiments of leprosy and of persuming the chance of the infection.
I have investigated to find a probable mode of the infection of leyrosy. So, I have experimented with rat leprosy and tried to apply the results to the human leprosy.
My experiments were carried on for two directions. The first experiment was made by the following method.
I collected many rat-mites, which lived upon the white rats with leprous lesions, and emulsived them with physiologic salt solution.
The emulsion was injected into some healthy young white rats subcutaneously.
The second experiment was made as follows. A number of rat-mites, which were obtained from the white rats with leprous lesions, were brought to life on the healthy white rats, for the purpose of testing the possibility of spontaneous transmission by the rat-mites.
By these experiments, I was able to obtain the following results.
1) Two of 20 white rats, which were injected with emulsion of rat-mites, died from an unkonwn cause in an early stage. Therefore, it was unknown, for this reason, as to whether they were infected or not by the bacilli of rat leprosy.
6 of these white rats developed markedly distinct leprous lesions, and numerous acidfast bacilli were found in the site of injection and other organs.
10 rats did not develop macroscopic leprous lesions, but in the site of injection and its continuous tissues were found a few acid-fast bacilli.
In the remaining two were found neither the leprous lesions nor acid-fast bacilli.
2) In 12 white rats, which were injected with an emulsion of the rats-mites collected from many healthy white rats, were found neither leprous lesions nor acid-fast bacilli.
3) In two rats, which were hosted by the rat-mites collected from many white rats with leprous lesions, were not found macroscopic leprous lesions. But in one of them was invased the axial and inguinal lymphglands by the acid-fast bacilli in moderate numbers.
4) The white rats, which were hosted by the rat-mites collected from many healthy white rats without leprous lesions, developed neither macroscopic leprous lesions nor were found acid-fast bacilli in any of their body tissues.

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Früher untersuchte ich auf die Antigenität des Kephalins als Antigen der Fällungsreaktion des Lepraserums und den Einfluss der verschiedenen chemischen Maniplationen und konnte ich feststellen, lass schliesslich nur das β-Kephalin als das spezifische Antigen des Lepraserums wirkt. Zunächst habe ich nun untersucht, ob das β-Kephalin auch als Antigen der Komplementbindungsreaktion des Lepraserums gebraucht werden kann.
Das Resultat ist wie folgt:
1) Die physiologische Kochsalzlösung des Kephalins verlor lurch Erhitzung von l Stunde bei 56°C oder von einer halben Stunde bei 100°C seine Antigenitat im Lepraserum nicht.
2) Wenn das in der physiologischen Kochsalzlöung des Kephalins gemischte Aether weniger als 1/20 ist, so übte es keinen Einfluss auf die Antigenität des Kephalins aus.
3) Wenn das Kephalin auch oxydiert oder reduziert wird, so konnte es die positive Komplementbindungsreaktion im Lepraserum entfalten.
4) Ich untersuchte die Komplementbindungsreaktion des α-und β-Kephalins im Lepraserum und stelite fest, dass nur das β-Kephalin ein pezifisch positives Resultat zeigte. Diese Tatsache konnte man bei dem aus Rinderhirn, Rinderleber und Eigelb gewonnenen β-Kephalin feststellen.
5) Wenn man dem β-Kephalin α-Lecithin mischt, welch letzteres im Syphilisserum keine spezifische Antigenität zeigt, so wird der Grad der spezifischen Reakrion des β-Kephalins im Lepraserum höher als hei β-Kephalin allein.

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Um die Stoffwechselanomalie bei den Leprakranken zu erforschen, wollte ich die Veränderung des Glutathionsgehalts des Blutes untersuchen. Zuerst habe ich die verschiedenen Bestimmungsmethoden geprüft und die Methode von Gabbe gewählt, weil sie verhältnismässig einen konstanten Wert zeigte.
Die Resultate waren wie folgt:
1) Bei der Lepra war die Glutathionsmenge im Blut geringer als bei den Gesunden und bei dem tuberösen Typus zeigte sie einen niedrigsten Wert.
2) Bei allen Typen der schweren Kranken war die Glutathionsmenge im allg. niedriger als bei den leichteren.
3) Wir konnten keine bestimmte Beziehung zwischen der Krankheitsdauer und der Glutathionsmenge feststellen.
4) Beim Auftreten von Erythema nodosum leprosum verminderte sick die Glutathionsmenge, vermehrte sie sick aber bei dem Verschwinden dieser Flecke.
5) Beim akuten Schub der makrösen Lepra verminderte sich die Glutathionsmenge, vermehrte sie sich aber wieder mit dem Verlassen des akuten Befundes.
6) Bei lepröser Neuralgie war die Glutathionsmenge geringer als vor dem Auftreten der Neuralgie, doch vermehrte sie sich wieder mit der Heilung. Bei je einem Fall von Trigeminus-und Ischiadicusneuralgie der Nicht-Leprösen wurden dieselben Tatsachen nachgewiesen.
7) Bei Leprakranken war während 1-2 Monate nach der Vasektomie kaum ein Unterschied der Glutathionmenge zu bemerken.

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Leprosy is believed to be one of chronic contagious diseases, which is transmitted by contact. In the previous experiments the author painted an emulsion of a leprous nodule on the skin of the human body and rabbit. With a piece of the painted skin serial sections for microscopic examination were made. In these sections lepra bacilli were found penetrating the skin through a small crack or even an intact continuity. The penetration of the bacilli through the skin also was demonstrated in the skin of the mouse, in which the skin was rubbed after painting the emulsion, or with the rabbit, in which the hair was plucked off. These experimental results were reported in No. 2 of Vol. VI and VII of the journal Lepro.
In this experiment, 5 rabbits were employed and the emulsion was dropped into the conjunctival sac continuously for 30 minutes. In one of these rabbits the lachrymal duct was destroyed by cautery. Then the conjunctiva was excised for a microscopic examination.
In the nrst rabbit (No. 9) 3 bacilli could be found after examining 347 sections, in the second (No. 10) 11 bacilli in 155 sections, in the third (No. 11) 7 bacilli in 382 sectioi and in the forth with a closed lachrymal duct 5 bacilli in 103 sections. Among the penetrating bacilli 19 existed in the deep layer of the cutis, 7 in the middle layer, 4 close by the epithelial layer and 4 direct beneath the epithelium. One bacillus was found in the neibourhood of the Meibom's gland as well as in the wall and in the hollow of blood vessels respectively.
From these findings it was stated that lepra bacilli could enter into the deep layer of the cutis through the epithelial layer of the conjunctiva, and the bacilli in the cutis into the blood vessel penetrating the wall.
The question as to whether or not a leprous change could be caused by the bacilli, which entered into the cutis of the conjunctiva, was not solved. But summarizing the experimental works carried out by the present author, the skin could be regarded as a more favourable source than the conjunctiva, since the skin was far larger in extension and had far more occasions to contact with leprous carriers than the latter.

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Les produits pharmaceutiques des sels d'or, out-its faction stimulante sur la réaction immunologique chez les animaux? En se servant de la méthode habituelle, l'auteur a calcule le taux d'hémolysine dans le serum des lapins. préalablement injectés par voie intraveineuse de la solution d'un sel d'or, Gurgol (Aurothiophenol-m-carbonsaures Natrium: Takecla). Las résultats nous ont permis de constater que le taux d'anticorps s'éléve remarquablernent par l'injection du sel d'or a dose favorable. Mais, au contraire, cette action stimulante devient de plus en plus obscure quant les animaux expérimentaux sont ext&eacuée;nues par les injections de ce remède à dose intoxicante.

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