The purpose of this study is to clarify the relationship between depression tolerance or social network and desistance from delinquency. Questionnaires assessing depression tolerance and social network were administered to 110 boys (age range: 14 to 19 years, mean: 16.6 years, SD: 1.48) in a juvenile classification home. Factor analysis revealed that the depression tolerance consisted of three factors; isolation tolerance, anxiety tolerance, and self-disclosure. When first timers were compared with repeaters, the former tended to demonstrate more positive self-disclosure and to feel more parental support. However, such a relationship was not observed in isolation tolerance and anxiety tolerance. These results indicate that the interaction between the self-disclosure shown by these boys and the support from their parents and others seem to facilitate desistance from delinquency. The process of this interaction needs to be further clarified in the future.

防犯教育の視点から，女子大生の犯罪情報への関心や防犯意識の形成に関して，犯罪不安やリスク認知がどのように影響を与えているかを，被害体験の有無別に明らかにすることを本研究の目的とした。そのためにrisk as feeling model (Loewenstein, Weber, Hsee, & Welch, 2001) において用いられている行動の変数を，犯罪情報への関心や防犯意識に置き換えてモデルを構築し，このモデルの妥当性やパス係数などを被害体験の有無別に検証した。中部地方のA女子大学の2～4年生計878名に対して，平成15年4月に調査を実施した。その結果，本研究で構築されたモデルは，構造方程式モデリングの観点からは特に問題は認められなかった。結果は，被害体験の有無にかかわらず，犯罪情報への関心は防犯意識に大きな影響を与えていることが示された。また犯罪不安から犯罪情報への関心に引かれた標準化パス係数は，被害群では有意であったが，被害なし群においては有意ではなかった。さらに防犯意識に対して，リスク認知および犯罪不安が与える総合効果を調べてみると，被害なし群においてはリスク認知のほうが犯罪不安よりも総合効果が高いが，被害群においては，犯罪不安のほうがリスク認知よりも総合効果が高いことが示された。防犯教育の視点からいえば，防犯意識を高めるために，被害体験のない者に対して犯罪不安といった感情面を刺激しでもあまり効果はなく，リスク認知といった認知面を刺激することが必要であることを示唆しているものと考えられる。一方被害体験のある者に対しては，リスク認知といった認知面だけでなく，犯罪不安といった感情面も同時に刺激することが必要であることを示唆しているものと考えられる。

This paper examined the effects on the indications of problem behavior among junior high school students and psychological support in relation to the order of siblings. It involved 989 junior high school students from all grades and the subjects completed a self-report questionnaire. From 794 valid responses, 609 families with an eldest child and a youngest child were considered for this evaluation. The following results were derived.

1. Compared to the eldest child, the youngest child had a higher tendency to show signs of misconduct and not attending school.

2. Compared to the youngest child, the eldest child had a higher tendency to depend on the mother or the father for psychological support.

3. The paper showed that the indications of problem behavior are correlated with psychological support and the order of siblings. The higher the dependency on psychological support the eldest child had, the more he/she could avoid problem behavior. On the other hand, the youngest child differed from the eldest child. The higher the dependency on psychological support from the opposite gender or friends, the greater the tendency the youngest child would show signs of misconduct.

The paper proposed that problem behavior was related to the order of siblings and the degrees of psychological support. Though the siblings were being raised by the same parents, the order of the siblings showed the differences in how each sibling viewed his/her relation with the parents. This can be seen to have effects on the indications of problem behavior.