Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology
Online ISSN : 1881-7742
Print ISSN : 0301-4800
ISSN-L : 0301-4800
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Volume 20, Issue 1
Displaying 1-11 of 11 articles from this issue
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  • STUDIES ON THE INFLUENCE OF BIOTIN ON FOLATE METABOLISM IN ESCHERICHIA COLI B
    C. P. P. NAIR, J. M. NORONHA
    1974 Volume 20 Issue 1 Pages 1-7
    Published: 1974
    Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3177/jnsv.20.1
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Biotin has been shown to have no significant influence on the total levels of folates in Escherichia coil. Exogenous biotin caused a redistribution of folate derivatives favouring the intracellular accumulation of unconjugated methyltetrahydrofolates at the expense of conjugated formyltetrahydrofolates. The decreased levels of the conjugated folates in presence of biotin has been attributed to the observed lowering in the levels of folylconjugate synthetase. The availability of intracellular glutamic acid was not a limiting factor in the presence of biotin. The observed lowering in the concentration of intracellular methionine in the biotin grown cells has been discussed in the light of the decreased levels of conjugated folates in these cells.
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  • BINDING PROTEINS FOR 1, 25-DIHYDROXYCHOLE-CARCIFEROL AND 25-HYDROXY-CHOLECARCIFEROL
    Tsuneyuki OKU, Kumiko OOIZUMI, Norimasa HOSOYA
    1974 Volume 20 Issue 1 Pages 9-25
    Published: 1974
    Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3177/jnsv.20.9
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    The proteins participating in translocation of vitamin D3 metabolites inside the cell of the rat intestinal mucosa were identified by sucrose density gradient ultracentrifugation.
    Sixteen hours after an intracardial administration of radioactive vitamin D3 (100 I.U.) to the vitamin D deficient rat, 3.5% of the administered radioactivity was distributed in the intestinal mucosa, and about half of this amount in the crude nuclear fraction. In this case, approximately 60% of the radioactivity extracted from the intestinal mucosa was observed to be 1, 25-DHCC and about 20% as 25-HCC, respectively. In an addition of radioactive 1, 25-DHCC or 25-HCC to the intestinal mucosa in vitro, both 1, 25-DHCC and 25-HCC were incorporated into the nuclear fraction of rat intestinal mucosa. However, little of the D3 was found in the nuclei.
    Furthermore, for transport of vitamin D3 metabolites into the nuclei in cell free system of the rat intestinal mucosa, the presence of the cytoplasmic fraction was found to be essential. Subsequently, the individual binding proteins specific to 1, 25-DHCC and 25-HCC were identified in the cytoplasmic fraction of rat intestinal mucosa by means of sucrose density gradient ultracentrifugation. The sedimentation constants of these two proteins were approximately 5.3 and 6.3, respectively. However, the binding protein specific to vitamin D3 was not found in the cytoplasmic fraction by sucrose density gradient ultracentrifugation without prior treatment by Sephadex G-200 column chromatography.
    From these results, it was concluded that the cytoplasmic fraction of rat intestinal mucosa contained the specific binding proteins participating in the intracellular translocation of 1, 25-DHCC and 25-HCC in rat intestinal mucosa.
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  • EFFECT OF THIAMINE ON SEROTONIN OXIDATION IN MAGNESIUM-DEFICIENT RATS
    Yoshinori ITOKAWA, Mieko KIMURA, Chiyoko INAGAKI, Chikako TANAKA
    1974 Volume 20 Issue 1 Pages 27-33
    Published: 1974
    Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3177/jnsv.20.27
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    To clarify the effect of thiamine on serotonin-related metabolism in magnesium-deficient rats, in vivo and in vitro experiments were carried out. In thiamine-excess magnesium-deficient and thiamine-adequate magnesium-deficient rats, serotonin oxidation activity in liver and stomach decreased significantly, while a decrease was not observed in thiamine-deficient magnesium-deficient rats. In vitro addition of a metal chelating agent and either thiamine or thiamine pyrophosphate to brain and liver mitochondria of intact rats resulted in a decrease in serotonin oxidation activities. Thus it is assumed that excess thiamine coupled with magnesium deficiency plays a role in the inhibition of serotonin oxidation and consequently serotonin increase.
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  • THE EFFECTS OF THIAMINE DEPRIVATION, AND OXYTHIAMINE- AND PYRITHIAMINE-TREATMENT ON CARDIAC FUNCTION AND METABOLISM IN THE RAT
    D. James B. SUTHERIAND, August W. JAUSSI, Clark J. GUBLER
    1974 Volume 20 Issue 1 Pages 35-54
    Published: 1974
    Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3177/jnsv.20.35
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    In an attempt to relate the cardiac involvement symptoms of thiamine deficiency with biochemical changes, determinations were made of activities of pyruvate and 2-ketoglutarate dehydrogenases and levels of pyruvate, lactate, creatine phosphate, ATP, ADP and AMP in the heart, and pH, PO2 and PCO2 in the blood, and to correlate these with heart weight, heart rate and electrocardiogram patterns at various stages of thiamine deficiency induced by thiamine deprivation, oxythiamine treatment or pyrithiamine treatment. Pair-fed controls were used in order to rule out effects due to the inanition unavoidably associated with the deficiencies. The bradycardia and cardiac hypertrophy could not be related causally to blood acid-base changes, high levels of blood pyruvate and lactate, or deficiency of tissue energy parameters, creatine phosphate, ATP or ADP. The development of bradycardia was shown to be due to thiamine lack or antagonism in the early stages of deficiency and not to inanition. However, the marked drop in rate in the terminal stages was, to a great degree, due to semistarvation. Bradycardia was shown to persist in deficient hearts during perfusion in vitro. Most of the changes in the electrocardiogram shown earlier were found to be due to inanition. The slowing of the heart rate appears to have no cause and effect relationship to the conduction processes reflected in the electrocardiogram. The appearance and severity of both bradycardia and cardiomegaly parallel the decrease in activities of pyruvate and 2-ketoglu-tarate dehydrogenases in the heart.
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  • STUDIES ON MYOINOSITOL
    IX. MORPHOLOGICAL EXAMINATION OF THE EFFECT OF MASSIVE DOSES OF MYOINOSITOL ON THE LIVER AND KIDNEY OF RAT
    Syed H. HASAN, Ikuo NISHIGAKI, Yoshihiro TSUTSUI, Kunio YAGI
    1974 Volume 20 Issue 1 Pages 55-58
    Published: 1974
    Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3177/jnsv.20.55
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Since the curing effect of massive doses of myoinositol on fatty liver provides the possibility of its clinical application, the effect of massive doses of myoinositol on the liver and kidney of rat was studied morphologically.
    Male albino rats weighing about 100g were injeeted with 3.0g of myoinositol per kg body weight per day for 30 days. No appreciable change was detected in these organs when examined under a light microscope. The same result was obtained when administered per os. These conclusions were also good in the cases of female rats.
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  • A NOTE ON THE GELATION BEHAVIOR OF THIOLATED POLYVINYLALCOHOL AS A MODEL COMPOUND FOR FOODSTUFFS
    Toyo KUNINORI, Junko NISHIYAMA, Hiroshi MATSUMOTO
    1974 Volume 20 Issue 1 Pages 59-69
    Published: 1974
    Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3177/jnsv.20.59
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    An attempt was made to use thiolated polyvinylalcohol (SH-PVA) for studying the role of SS linkage on the physical properties of foods and proteins. An aqueous solution of SH-PVA ranging in concentrations of 3% and above Belated on treatment with bromate within 10 min. The gel was analyzed by the creep test on the basis of a mechanical fourelement model and was found to exhibit the property of non-linear viscoelasticity. The mechanical parameters of the gel were comparable to those of the agar gel. Change in the solubility of SH-PVA during oxidation were not parallel to the extent of the formation of SS linkages. Molecular behavior of the polymer was investigated in relationship to oxidation conditions. Oxidation at a concentration of 0.4% at pH 5.0 brought about a slight decrease in viscosity, while there was no change in the gel filtration pattern as compared with control. At the concentration of 2% the oxidation resulted in 1.5 times-increment in viscosity. This agreed with the data of gel filtration. This study provides more de finitive evidence on the role of SS linkage on the gel structure.
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  • THE EFFECT OF DIET ON HEPATIC CHOLESTEROL SYNTHESIS IN ALLOXAN DIABETIC RATS
    Yukihiro NAKABOU, Mayumi FUJIMOTO, Chiyo OKITA, Yasuo TAKANO, Hiroshi ...
    1974 Volume 20 Issue 1 Pages 71-79
    Published: 1974
    Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3177/jnsv.20.71
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    The effect of dietary composition on cholesterol formation in the liver of alloxan diabetic rats was studied. Cholesterol formation in these animals was maintained at a subnormal level when the diet had a high content of simple sugar (sucrose, glucose or fructose) without fat, but was severely impaired with diets of all other compositions tested. The possible mechanism of maintenance of hepatic cholesterol synthesis in diabetic rats on a diet with a high content of simple sugar without fat is discussed. The rate of cholesterol synthesis in the liver was not always proportional to the plasma cholesterol level.
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  • ERRATA
    1974 Volume 20 Issue 1 Pages e1a
    Published: 1974
    Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3177/jnsv.20.1_e1a
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  • ERRATA
    1974 Volume 20 Issue 1 Pages e1b
    Published: 1974
    Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3177/jnsv.20.1_e1b
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  • ERRATA
    1974 Volume 20 Issue 1 Pages e1c
    Published: 1974
    Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3177/jnsv.20.1_e1c
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  • ERRATA
    1974 Volume 20 Issue 1 Pages e1d
    Published: 1974
    Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3177/jnsv.20.1_e1d
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