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Volume 31 (1985)
- Issue 6 Pages 553-
- Issue 5 Pages 481-
- Issue 4 Pages 403-
- Issue 3 Pages 253-
- Issue 2 Pages 129-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
- Issue Supplement Page･･･
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Volume 31, Issue Supplement
Displaying 1-15 of 15 articles from this issue
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James Allen OLSON1985 Volume 31 Issue Supplement Pages S1-S6
Published: 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 16, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCalcium plays an essential role in the regulation of many metabolic processes, in neuromuscular events and in bone health. A number of proteins exist that specifically bind calcium, and calcium markedly influences the activities of many enzymes involved in cellular metabolism and differentiation. Recommended dietary allowances or intakes for calcium vary two-fold, in nearly all age categories in various countries throughout the world. The recommended dietray intake in Japan for most ages is somewhat lower than that in the United States. Median intakes of calcium in the United States decrease after 10 to 20 years of age. Whereas the median calcium intake of adult men approximates the RDA in the United States, that of adult women is considerably lower. The absorption and excretion of calcium are markedly affected, both by physiological and by dietary factors. Calcium intakes required to provide a balanced state in adults vary four-fold, depending on age, sex, diet and hormonal status. Dairy products are the best dietary source of bioavailable calcium. Inasmuch as the median calcium intake of elderly women in the United States is only 60 percent of the RDA, and the same group is highly susceptible to osteoporosis, the calcium intake in this group should probably be increased.View full abstractDownload PDF (919K) -
An Attempt to Improve Its IntakeRoichi ITOH, Jun OKA1985 Volume 31 Issue Supplement Pages S7-S10
Published: 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 16, 2009
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Sachiko MORIUCHI, Norimasa HOSOYA1985 Volume 31 Issue Supplement Pages S11-S14
Published: 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 16, 2009
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Takuo FUJITA1985 Volume 31 Issue Supplement Pages S15-S19
Published: 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 16, 2009
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Robert P. HEANEY1985 Volume 31 Issue Supplement Pages S21-S26
Published: 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 16, 2009
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Hiroo IMURA, Yutaka SEINO, Hitoshi ISHIDA1985 Volume 31 Issue Supplement Pages S27-S32
Published: 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 16, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe degree of diabetic osteopenia and serum vitamin D metabolite levels were measured in 14 type 1 (insulin-dependent) and 168 type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetic patients. Based on six indices obtained by microdensitometry, we found the bone mass in 28.6% of type 1 and 26.2% of type 2 diabetic patients to be decreased and in 14.3% and 11.9%, respectively, the decrease was severe. Our method of analysis of bone mass has shown that diabetic osteopenia differs from typical osteoporosis in character. In addition, serum 24, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D was significantly decreased both in type 1 and in type 2 diabetes (p<0.01), but 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D was significantly decreased only in type 1 diabetes (p<0.01) compared to the controls, being lower than that in type 2 diabetes (p<0.05). On the other hand, 25-hydroxyvitamin D was similar to that of the controls, in both types of diabetes.View full abstractDownload PDF (948K) -
Hajime ORIMO, Kenzo TERASHITA, Tetsuro NAKAMURA, Joji OHSHIMA1985 Volume 31 Issue Supplement Pages S33-S36
Published: 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 16, 2009
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Yoshiro YASE1985 Volume 31 Issue Supplement Pages S37-S40
Published: 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 16, 2009
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G. Donald WHEDON1985 Volume 31 Issue Supplement Pages S41-S44
Published: 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 16, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMany studies and observations have shown the bone-losing effects of physical inactivity of various forms. Contrariwise, less precise studies and observations have supported the reasonable premise that mechanical loading of the skeleton via physical activity shifts the balance of bone remodeling in favor of bone formation, and appears to do so at all ages. Some interesting starts have been made in research to discover the mechanisms of the action on bone of mechanical loading, but many pathways remain to be explored. Besides the mechanical forces, we need to know more about the interrelations of muscle function, probably mediated through muscle-tendon pull on periosteum, and more about other likely influences, notably changes in circulation to bones.
The practical significance relative to calcium metabolism and aging of what has been learned thus far on the effects of activity, is that prolonged inactivity, either in a chair or in bed, is to be avoided, because of its deleterious effects, and that reasonably energetic gravitational exercise, such as walking or possibly jogging, promotes maintenance of bone health.View full abstractDownload PDF (727K) -
Tsuneo NISHIYAMA1985 Volume 31 Issue Supplement Pages S45-S47
Published: 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 16, 2009
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Yoshinobu NAKAO, Toshimitsu MATSUI, Tamio KOIZUMI, Toshitaro NAKAGAWA, ...1985 Volume 31 Issue Supplement Pages S49-S57
Published: 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 16, 2009
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Irwin H. ROSENBERG, Ann GERHARDT1985 Volume 31 Issue Supplement Pages S59-S60
Published: 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 16, 2009
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Toshio MATSUMOTO, Ikuko EZAWA, Keiko MORITA, Yumiko KAWANOBE, Etsuro O ...1985 Volume 31 Issue Supplement Pages S61-S65
Published: 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 16, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA rat model of postmenopausal osteoporosis was introduced, using ovariectomized rats on a low Ca diet. CT treatment of these animals for one month prevented the decrease in both mineral contents and physical properties of the femoral bone. Treatment of the animals with 1, 25(OH)2D3 was effective in increasing bone mineral contents and maintaining positive mineral balance, but did not increase the physical tolerance of bones. In contrast, 24, 25(OH)2D3 increased the breaking force of the femoral bone, with minimal effect on bone mineral contents and mineral balance. These results suggest that 1, 25(OH)2D3 and 24, 25(OH)2D3 act differently on the matrix phase and mineral phase of bones, but that they act together to maintain mineral balance and structural integrity of bones. The mechanism of how these vitamin D metabolites affect bone metabolism remain to be clarified.
The present study was supported in part by Grantsin-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture of Japan. 1, 25(OH)2D3 was kindly donated by Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Tokyo, Japan, and 24, 25(OH)2D3 by Kureha Chemical Co., Tokyo Japan.View full abstractDownload PDF (1350K) -
Hirotoshi MORII, Yoshiki NISHIZAWA, Takami MIKI, Yasuo OHNISHI, Yasuyu ...1985 Volume 31 Issue Supplement Pages S67-S69
Published: 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 16, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. Nutritional factors, especially calcium, calorie and fat intakes may be important in the treatment with active vitamin D, so that the effect appears more efficient. 2. Incidence of bone changes, due to hyper-parathyroidism in diabetic nephropathy, was less than that in non-diabetic patients under hemodialysis. 3. No effect of control status of diabetes mellitus was demonstrated, regarding incidence of subperiosteal resorption of finger bones. 4. Bone mass was decreased in diabetic patients in whom the control of blood glucose was inadequate.View full abstractDownload PDF (470K) -
Robert P. HEANEY1985 Volume 31 Issue Supplement Pages S71-S72
Published: 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 16, 2009
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