All issues
Volume 34 (1988)
- Issue 6 Pages 543-
- Issue 5 Pages 439-
- Issue 4 Pages 343-
- Issue 3 Pages 265-
- Issue 2 Pages 167-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Predecessor
Volume 34, Issue 5
Displaying 1-7 of 7 articles from this issue
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
Emiko SUZUKI, Tadao KURATA, Miyoko KODA, Nobuhiko ARAKAWA1988 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 439-447
Published: 1988
Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe enzyme activities which depended on the ascorbic acid (AsA) tissue levels were assayed to investigate the effect of erythorbic acid (ErA) administration on the AsA availability in the guinea pigs adminis-tered 5mg of AsA/day or 1mg of AsA/day. The guinea pigs were given 5mg of AsA and 1, 5, 20, 100mg of ErA/day, or 1mg of AsA and 1 or 20mg of ErA/day for 16 days. The animals were sacrificed, blood was collected, and their livers were removed. The activities of liver aniline hydroxylase, liver acid phosphatase, and serum alkaline phosphatase, as well as the liver cytochrome P-450 content were measured. These enzyme activities and the liver cytochrome P-450 content of animals administered 5mg of AsA seemed to show no change regardless of ErA supplement. Animals administered 1 mg of AsA showed different activities of liver aniline hydroxylase and liver acid phosphatase compared with those of animals administered 5mg of AsA; however, the enzyme activities in animals administered 20mg of ErA together with 1mg of AsA were similar to those of the animals administered only 5mg of AsA. These results indicated that ErA administration had no effect on the enzyme activities and the liver cytochrome P-450 content in the 5 mg ASA-supplemented animals, but administration of 20 mg of ErA was effective to maintain at normal levels the activities of liver aniline hydroxylase and liver acid phosphatase in the 1mg AsA-supplemented animals.View full abstractDownload PDF (803K) -
Tomiyasu KOYAMA, Tsunehisa ARAISO1988 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 449-457
Published: 1988
Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effects of α-tocopherol-nicotinate on the microdynamic parameters, membrane viscosity, and wobbling angle of phospholipid molecules of healthy human erythrocyte membranes were studied with a nanosecond time-resolved fluorometer. The incorporation of α-tocopherol was achieved by oral administration of α-tocopherol-nicotinate for one month with dosage of 400mg/day. The increase in a-tocopherol con-centration in erythrocytes was confirmed in two subjects. The membrane viscosity in seven healthy subjects decreased significantly from 1.015±0.137 to 0.888±0.133 mPas. But no changes in the wobbling angle of phospholipid molecules were observed.View full abstractDownload PDF (930K) -
Kayoko KANEKO, Kazuko ISHIKAWA, Kyoko SETOGUCHI, Goro KOIKE1988 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 459-467
Published: 1988
Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSUtilization and requirement of mixed protein in the con-ventional Japanese diet and the obligatory integumental and micellaneous nitrogen losses were measured in female subjects. Twelve female students aged 18 to 24 years were given conventional low-protein diets at N intake levels of 50, 70, and 90mg/kg/day for 10 days. Constituents of the diets corresponded to those of average intake of the Japanese in recent years (1982). N balances were estimated and regression equations between N intake (X) and N balance (Y) were calculated by the multiple level-constant variation method. The equation was Y=0.426X-40.0 (n=36, γ=0.615, p <0.01) and the intersection of the regression line with zero nitrogen balance was 93.9±14.3mgN/kg/day. The mean digestibility was 92.2±4.7%. In another experimental group, nitrogen losses due to hair, nails, and menstruation in ten Japanese women were 0.624 ±0.1.72, 0.020±0.005, and 1.76±0.68 mg/kg/day, respectively. In a third experi-mental group, mean of the integumental N losses was 2.8mg/kg/day in both the subjects given a low-protein diet (19 women) and an ordinary-protein diet (4 women). It increased to 12.7mg N/kg/day when subjects exercised in summer (4 subjects). The protein requirement in the conventional Japanese diet estimated as the sum of the mean requirement of dietary protein and obligatory dermal and miscellaneous nitrogen losses in Japanese women was 99.1mg N/kg/day or 0.62g protein/kg/day. The net protein utilization (NPU) of the proteins at the N intake level for N equilibrium was estimated as 48.View full abstractDownload PDF (836K) -
Toru RIKIMARU, Mineko ICHIKAWA, Tomoko OOZEKI, Hidemichi EBISAWA, Yosh ...1988 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 469-480
Published: 1988
Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSExperiments were conducted to evaluate long-term effects of energy restricted diets containing different protein levels initiated in adult life on various parameters of nutritional assessment. Rats (male SPF Wistar) were fed 20%-casein diet ad libitum, or 10%-, 20%-, or 40%-casein diets (group 10R, 20R, and 40R, respectively) under energy-restricted conditions, which corresponded to about 60% ad libitum feeding, from 18 to 55 weeks of age. Energy restriction induced a decrease of body-lipid percentage. Although skeleton weight and tail length increased through-out the experimental period in all the groups, these increases were found to be depressed under energy restriction. On the other hand, protein intake level under the energy restriction did influence plasma concentrations of urea and cholesterol, hematocrit, and systolic blood pressure. The group fed the 40%-casein diet tended to be lower in total cholesterol levels at 55 weeks of age, while the group fed 10%-casein diet tended to be lower in hematocrit and higher in systolic blood pressure levels. When mature rats were fed the 60%-energy-restricted diet for a long-term period, those on the 20%- and 40%-casein diets showed somewhat more preferable levels of hematocrit and blood pressure than those on the 10%-casein diet; the 10%-casein diet did not, however, reveal symptoms of malnutrition.View full abstractDownload PDF (1203K) -
Cheon Ho KIM, Kyoden YASUMOTO, Tetsuya SUZUKI, Munehiro YOSHIDA1988 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 481-490
Published: 1988
Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe protective function of α-tocopherol, glutathione (GSH), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) from tert-butyl hydrope-roxide (t-BuOOH)-induced hemolysis was studied with the erythrocytes from male Wistar rats fed selenium (Se)-adequate or -deficient diet for 3 months. By the preincubation with a water-soluble radical initiator, 2, 2'-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH), at 10mM for 6 h at 37°C, α-tocopherol levels of the erythrocytes were decreased to 40% of the original level, that is, to the level insufficient for supporting the normal functions of the erythrocytes. With the Se-deficient cells, the hemolysis proceeded rapidly irrespective of the presence or absence of GSH in the incubation medium, and irrespective of the presence or absence of AAPH in the preincubation medium. Contrarily, GSH suppressed the hemolysis of Se-adequate cells which were preincubated with and without AAPH. These results are consistent with the notion that Se serves as the prime, important defense mechanism in the t-BUOOH-induced hemolysis through the activity of GSH-Px. Either α-tocopherol or GSH by itself, or both by themselves, may not play so significant a role as Se does in suppressing the hemolysis.View full abstractDownload PDF (929K) -
Tetsuya SUZUKI, Cheon Ho KIM, Kyoden YASUMOTO1988 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 491-506
Published: 1988
Released on J-STAGE: June 15, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHere we report scanning electron microscopy, phospholipid and fatty acid composition and cytoskeleton proteins of erythrocytes from Se-adequate and Se-deficient rats, showing protection by glutathione (GSH) against tent-butyl hydroperoxide (t-Bu00H)-induced hemolysis of erythrocytes from Se-adequate, but not from Se-deficient rats. Without exogenous GSH, erythrocytes incubated with t-BuOOH exhibited remark-able deterioration of cell membranes with diminished membrane phosphatidyl-ethanolamine, -serine, and -inositol and selective loss of a cytoskeletal protein, ankyrin 2-1. Without exogenous GSH these changes occurred in erythrocytes from both Se-deficient and Se-adequate rats. Dietary Se, through provision of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in erythrocytes as a probable scavenger of t-Bu00H, protects against hemolysis when GSH is available.View full abstractDownload PDF (3142K) -
Etsuo NIKI, Yorihiro YAMAMOTO, Mareyuki TAKAHASHI, Keiji YAMAMOTO, Yui ...1988 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 507-512
Published: 1988
Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (609K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|