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Volume 30 (1984)
- Issue 6 Pages 509-
- Issue 5 Pages 405-
- Issue 4 Pages 307-
- Issue 3 Pages 209-
- Issue 2 Pages 91-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
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Volume 30, Issue 5
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
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Kazuyoshi SATO, Tatsuo NAKASHIMA, Shoichi SHIMIZU1984 Volume 30 Issue 5 Pages 405-413
Published: 1984
Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA simple spectrophotometric method for assay of ATP: cob(I)alamin Co-β-adenosyltransferase was established. By using this method, specific activity of the enzyme in Protaminobacter ruber was found to be the highest in the logarithmic growth phase. The enzyme was highly purified from the cells in that phase and characterized. The molecular weight of the enzyme was estimated as 44, 000 by gel filtration. The optimal pH and temperature were about 8.0 and 50°C, respectively. Among divalent metal ions tested, only Mg2+ was effective for the enzyme activity. Km values for ATP and hydroxocobalamin were 250 μM and 26.3 μM, respectively. Substrate analogs such as GTP and CTP had only small activity in the enzymatic reaction.View full abstractDownload PDF (776K) -
Yoshiki TANI, Hiroshi NISHISE, Hiroshi MORITA, Hideaki YAMADA1984 Volume 30 Issue 5 Pages 415-420
Published: 1984
Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn enzyme which reduces glycolate to glycolaldehyde as the first step of the biosynthesis of vitamin B6 was studied using the particulate fraction of Flavobacterium sp. 238-7, a vitamin B6 producer. The enzyme catalyzes the reduction of glycolate in the presence of NADPH, but not the oxidation of glycolaldehyde, and is designated as glycolate reductase. There is a positive correlation between the activity of the enzyme and vitamin B6 biosynthesis. The activity and the formation of the enzyme were not affected by vitamin B6. This enzyme probably plays a role in the extraordinary accumulation of vitamin B6 by the bacterium.View full abstractDownload PDF (589K) -
Atsuko TAKEUCHI, Toshio OKANO, Mari AYAME, Harumi YOSHIKAWA, Sumiko TE ...1984 Volume 30 Issue 5 Pages 421-430
Published: 1984
Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIdentification and determination of vitamin D3 (or D2) and 25-OH-D3 in fish liver oils and eel body oils were carried out. By cochromatography on HPLC, UV spectra and/or GC-MS, vitamin D3 was identified in naturally occurring fish liver oils and eel body oils, whereas a drop of fish liver oil contained supplemented vitamin D2.25-OH-D3 was identified only in skipjack liver oil. The HPLC method proposed in a previous report (Takeuchi, A. et al. (1984): J. Nutr. Sci. Vitaminol., 30, 11-25) was confirmed to also be useful for determination of vitamin D3 (or D2) in fish liver oils and eel body oils. The assayed values of vitamin D3 in skipjack and tuna liver oils were 57, 760 and 16, 200 IU/g, respectively, which were much higher than those in cod and pollack liver oils. The assayed values of vitamin D3 in eel body oils were very low (16-43 IU/g) and showed no appreciable change despite differences in the farming conditions. Determination of 25-OH-D3 in skipjack oil was performed by using HPLC, and the assayed value was 1.8 μg/g. This was about 1/800 lower than that of vitamin D3.View full abstractDownload PDF (837K) -
Toshio OKANO, Kazuko YOKOSHIMA, Tadashi KOBAYASHI1984 Volume 30 Issue 5 Pages 431-439
Published: 1984
Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA simplified and accurate method for determination of naturally occurring vitamin D3 in bovine milk was established by highperformance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using successively reversedphase and straight-phase columns. Exactly 25.0 ml of a sample of bovine milk was taken and the lipid was extracted with a solvent mixture of petroleum ether and ethyl ether (1:1) with small amounts of ethanol and Triton X-100, present. The extracted lipid was subjected to the first preparative HPLC using a Nucleosil 5C18 column (reversed-phase type) with acetonitrile-methanol (1:1) as the mobile phase, and a fraction containing vitamin D3 was isolated. The fraction was subsequently subjected to the second analytical HPLC using a Zorbax SIL column (straight-phase type) with 0.4% isopropanol in n-hexane as the mobile phase. Vitamin D3 was assayed by estimating the peak height on the chromatogram. The overall recovery and CV values were 92.1±8.7% and 9.4%, respectively, which were satisfactory. The proposed method was applied to several kinds of colostrum, early and later bovine milk in pairs. The assayed values in the colostrum of the group with large amounts of vitamin D3 administered before delivery to prevent parturient paresis were higher than those in the group with no administration. However, the values of the former group generally decreased in the respective early and later milk in step and there were few differences among those in the later milk of the two groups. The assayed values in later milk were 30-80 IU/liter.View full abstractDownload PDF (819K) -
Yoko NAKASHIMA, Ryokuero SUZUE1984 Volume 30 Issue 5 Pages 441-451
Published: 1984
Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSuckling rats were given 3-acetylpyridine, an antagonistic agent of nicotinic acid, on the 6th day after birth. The quantity of myelin and cerebroside, total lipid synthesis, and activities of fatty acid synthetase and fatty acyl-CoA elongating enzyme were measured in rats which received 3-acetylpyridine. At both 20 days and 30 days of age, rats which had received 3-acetylpyridine showed lower values in body weight, myelin yield, cerebroside level and specific activity of brain 2', 3'-cyclic nucleotide-3-phosphohydrolase, when compared with those of the controls. Biosynthetic activity of lipid in brain slices of rats which had received 3acetylpyridine was about 50% less than that of the controls. Moreover, activities of the microsomal palmitoyl-CoA, stearoyl-CoA and arachidylCoA elongating systems in the brain of rats which had received 3acetylpyridine were about 80%, 50% and 50% those of the controls, respectively. These findings imply that 3-acetylpyridine affects the synthesis of long chain fatty acid in the developing rat brain. Therefore, nicotinic acid may play an important role in myelination associated with the synthesis of cerebrosides which contain high levels of long chain fatty acids.View full abstractDownload PDF (1178K) -
Masashige SUZUKI, Shinichi SAITOH, Masanori YASHIRO, Jin HARIU1984 Volume 30 Issue 5 Pages 453-466
Published: 1984
Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPrevious reports have indicated that administration of a glucose-citrate (G-C) drink after a bout of exhaustive exercise results in more effective glycogen repletion in liver and skeletal muscle in rats as compared with administration of glucose alone. The present studies report the effects of the energy pattern and the type of carbohydrates, dextrin or starch from rice, in diet given following the G-C drink after exercise, on further glycogen repletion in the tissues of rats. Rats were adapted to meal-feeding 3 times a day and trained with light swimming for 7 to 10 days. On the final day of experiments, rats received the G-C drink after 2 h of exhaustive swimming and were then fed on diets with different energy patterns or carbohydrate types. Results showed that a high-carbohydrate diet is more effective than a high-fat diet for further glycogen repletion in liver and skeletal muscle. In addition, dextrin was revealed to be superior to starch as a carbohydrate source in tissue glycogen repletion. As compared with the high-fat diet, the high-carbohydrate diet, however, resulted in a lower serum free fatty acid concentration 4 h after ingestion of food possibly by decreasing adipose tissue lipolysis.View full abstractDownload PDF (1325K) -
Tsuguyoshi SUZUKI, Tsukasa INAOKA, Toshio KAWABE1984 Volume 30 Issue 5 Pages 467-473
Published: 1984
Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe value of creatinine height index (CHI), defined as milligrams of 24-h urinary excretion of creatinine divided by height in centimeters, was investigated on 21 healthy Japanese adults engaged in sedentary work. The average values were 10.58 in males and 6.68 in females. High partial correlation coefficients controlling sex were found among CHI, weight, fat-free mass, arm muscle area (AMA) and 24-h urinary excretion of creatinine. These indices had high loadings in the first factor of body size by principal component analysis. Regression of CHI on AMA differed in the intercept (i.e. the level of CHI at corresponding AMA) but not in the slope, from that studied under low-creatine diet in the U.S.A. Correcting AMA using arm bone area for Japanese and CHI with dietary factor, the relation between CHI and AMA in this study seemed to be in good agreement with that found in the U.S.A.View full abstractDownload PDF (643K) -
Richard E. DAVIS, Graham C. ICKE, James THOM, William J. RILEY1984 Volume 30 Issue 5 Pages 475-482
Published: 1984
Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe intestinal absorption of thiamin was compared with that of folate and pyridoxal in six healthy volunteers using an oral dose of each vitamin equivalent to ten times the recommended daily allowance. Folate and pyridoxal were rapidly absorbed and following the oral dose, serum concentrations rose from a mean basal level of 10.9 pg/liter and 17.5 μg/liter to 174.8 μg/liter and 315.2 μg/liter respectively-an increases of 1, 500% for folate and 1, 701% for pyridoxal. The mean serum level of thiamin rose only marginally from 5.1 μg/liter to 7.2, μg/liter, an increase of 42%.
One hour following the oral test dose of thiamin, the vitamin was actively excreted in the urine of all volunteers, with a mean creatinine/thiamin renal clearance ratio of 2.4. Active excretion continued for up to six hours. In contrast, folate was only actively cleared for a short period in two volunteers. Thiamin absorption appeared to be controlled and limited, and modest increases in the serum concentration were accompanied by active renal clearance.View full abstractDownload PDF (781K)
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