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Volume 31, Issue 4
Displaying 1-6 of 6 articles from this issue
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Kenjiro TADERA, Emiko MORI, Fumio YAGI, Akira KOBAYASHI, Kiyohisa IMAD ...1985 Volume 31 Issue 4 Pages 403-408
Published: 1985
Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA new derivative of pyridoxine was formed from PN in seedlings of podded pea, Pisum sativum L. cv. Kinusaya, together with 5' O-(β-D-glucopyranosyl)pyridoxine and 5'-O-[6-O-(3-hydroxy-3-methyl-4-carboxybutanoyl)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]pyridoxine. The compound was isolated and identified as 5'-O-(6-O-malonyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl) pyri-doxine.View full abstractDownload PDF (510K) -
Masashige SUZUKI, Tomohiro TAMURA1985 Volume 31 Issue 4 Pages 409-415
Published: 1985
Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe examined the urinary iodine excretion of sedentary and physically active male university students in order to estimate the iodine intake of Japanese. Iodine excretion in sweat collected during treadmill exercise was also determined in different dietary iodine levels. The mean urinary iodine excretion of 5 sedentary students during 15 consecutive days was 357μg/day (40-3, 390). When high-iodine food, i.e. seaweed, was included in meals in only 22% of the total experimental days of 5 subjects, the urinary iodine excretion was high (1, 106μg/day, 298-3, 390), but was low (153 μg/day, 40-441) when seaweeds were not consumed. An un-expectedly low mean urinary iodine excretion of 149μg/day (50-393) .was found in 10 rowing club students during 6 consecutive days of their summer training camp, probably being due to iodine losses in sweat; sweat iodine concentrations were about 37μg per liter, regardless of serum and urinary iodine levels modulated by the dietary iodine level. The present data indicate that the iodine intake of Japanese depends on the amount of seaweed consumption and that it is not necessarily as high as expected from the data obtained in the 1960s. Moreover, our findings indicate the importance of taking account of iodine loss in sweat in the evaluation of iodine nutrition for physically active persons working in hot and humid environments.View full abstractDownload PDF (649K) -
Yukio YAMORI, Yasuo NARA, Nobuko IRITANI, Robert J. WORKMAN, Tadashi I ...1985 Volume 31 Issue 4 Pages 417-422
Published: 1985
Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFatty acid compositions of phospholipids in serum were analyzed in three different populations in seaside fishing and mountain farming villages in Japan and in inland inhabitants of the United States of America. The percentage of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, i.e., eicosa-pentaenoic acid (20:5) and docosahexaenoic acid (22:6) was significantly low in United States inlanders with a high coronary heart disease morbidity compared with both populations in Japan with low morbidity. The level of arachidonic acid (20:4) was the same among these three inhabitant population groups. However, ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid levels were significantly higher in the inhabitants of fishing villages with relatively low stroke morbidity than in those of farming villages with extremely high stroke morbidity in Japan.View full abstractDownload PDF (543K) -
Mitsuko NAKA, Yoshimi SUGIMOTO, Sadao SAKAMOTO, Hidetsugu FUWA1985 Volume 31 Issue 4 Pages 423-429
Published: 1985
Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSLarge and small starch granules were isolated and character-ized from mature barley kernels with waxy endosperms. The large granules of any given waxy cultivar contained more amylose than the small granules of the same cultivar. It was also found that large granules contained a greater amount of long amylopectin B chains and had a lower fraction III: fraction II ratio, one of the structural characteristics of amylopectin, than the small granules in the same cultivar. Small granules showed a wider range of gelatinization and smaller heat of gelatinization by differential scanning calorimetry.View full abstractDownload PDF (566K) -
Motoni KADOWAKI, Takashi NAGASAWA, Tomoko HIRATA, Tadashi NOGUCHI, Hir ...1985 Volume 31 Issue 4 Pages 431-440
Published: 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 15, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe rate of 3-methylhistidine (3-MH) release from rat perfused hindquarters was measured to investigate the effects of insulin, amino acids and fasting on myofibrillar protein degradation. Since release of 3-MH into the perfusate increased linearly and the pool of free 3-MH in the perfused muscle did not change significantly during 2 h of perfusion, it was concluded that 3-MH release reflected the rate of myofibrillar protein degradation. Tyrosine release in the presence of cycloheximide represented the degradation rate of total muscle protein. Insulin suppressed the net release of tyrosine in normal rats, but did not affect the rate of release of 3-MH and tyrosine in the presence of cycloheximide. 3-MH release was not influenced by perfusate amino acid concentrations at zero to 5 times the normal plasma levels. When rats were fasted for one and two days, 3-MH release increased 1.7 and 2.6 times, respectively, compared with the fed rats, which showed that the rate of degradation of myofibrillar protein in skeletal muscle rose just after the beginning of fasting.View full abstractDownload PDF (1031K) -
Kerin O'DEA, Andrew J. SINCLAIR1985 Volume 31 Issue 4 Pages 441-453
Published: 1985
Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the present study we measured the bleeding times in fourteen Aborigines (10 diabetic, 4 non-diabetic) before and after 2 weeks on a diet of tropical seafood (rich in both arachidonic acid and the ω3 PUFA), followed by 3 weeks on a diet in which kangaroo and freshwater fish (linoleic and arachidonic acid-rich) were the major fat sources. Both diets were very low in fat. Bleeding times increased in all subjects after the 2 weeks of tropical seafood and continued to rise on the mixed diet. The increase over 5 weeks from 4.1±0.4 to 5.9±0.4 min was highly significant (p<0.01).
Due to the extreme isolation of the study location it was only possible to measure the plasma fatty acid composition at the beginning and end of the study. The concentration of arachidonic acid in the plasma lipids doubled whereas that of linoleic acid was almost halved, despite the fact that the diet in the second part of the study contained considerably more linoleic than arachidonic acid. That there appeared to be preferential incorporation of arachidonic acid into the plasma lipids is further supported by the observation that the rise in arachidonic acid in the cholesterol ester and phospholipid fractions was almost exactly counter-balanced by the fall in linoleic acid. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated a rise in bleeding time associated with an increased concentration of arachidonic acid and decreased concentration of linoleic acid in plasma lipids, and suggests that the mechanism by which diet modulates haemostatic function may be more complex than currently assumed.View full abstractDownload PDF (1277K)
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