Journal of UOEH
Online ISSN : 2187-2864
Print ISSN : 0387-821X
ISSN-L : 0387-821X
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Volume 35, Issue 3
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
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[Review]
  • Effectiveness of Exercise-Heat Acclimation for Preventing Heat Illness in the Workplace
    Fumio YAMAZAKI
    2013 Volume 35 Issue 3 Pages 183-192
    Published: September 01, 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: September 13, 2013
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7888/juoeh.35.183
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    The incidence of heat-related illness in the workplace is linked to whether or not workers have acclimated to a hot environment. Heat acclimation improves endurance work performance in the heat and thermal comfort at a given work rate. These improvements are achieved by increased sweating and skin blood flow responses, better fluid balance and cardiovascular stability. As a practical means of acclimatizing the body to heat stress, daily aerobic exercise training is recommended since thermoregulatory capacity and blood volume increase with physical fitness. In workers wearing personal protective suits in hot environments, however, little psychophysiological benefit is received from short-term exercise training and/or heat acclimation because of the ineffectiveness of sweating for heat dissipation and the aggravation of thermal discomfort with the accumulation of sweat within the suit. For a manual laborer who works under uncompensable heat stress, better management of the work rate, the work environment and health is required.
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[Case Report]
[Short Report]
  • Verification of the Hygienic Hypothesis by Evaluating the Regional Incidence of Eosinophilic Pustular Folliculitis
    Daiki NAKASHIMA, Akiko FUKAMACHI, Motonobu NAKAMURA, Yoshiki TOKURA
    2013 Volume 35 Issue 3 Pages 201-205
    Published: September 01, 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: September 13, 2013
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7888/juoeh.35.201
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Abstract : Eosinophilic pustular folliculitis (EPF) is a disorder associated with a high expression of interleukin-5 by T helper 2cells. Treatment involving T helper 1 (Th1) modulation has been shown to be effective. We report that the occurrence of Bowen’s disease in the medical care zone of the University of Occupational and Environmental Health in the Kitakyushu industrial area is more frequent in Yahatahigashi-ku, Yahatanishi-ku, and Wakamatsu-ku than in Tobata-ku, Kokurakita-ku, and Kokuraminamiku. We also show that these cases are more common in the regions with steel- and coal-related industries, which is suggestive of a higher rate of Th1 modulation associated with these occupations. Similarly, the incidence of EPF per unit population was found to be high in Tobata-ku and low in Yahatahigashi-ku, which indicates that EPF is a typical disease of hygiene hypothesis.
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[Research Note]
  • Effect of Metformin in Elderly Type 2 Diabetes
    Maiko HAJIME, Yosuke OKADA, Hiroko MORI, Tadashi ARAO, Yoshiya TANAKA
    2013 Volume 35 Issue 3 Pages 207-212
    Published: September 01, 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: September 13, 2013
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7888/juoeh.35.207
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    It has become possible in Japan to use high-dose metformin for patients with type 2 diabetes. The aim of this retrospective study was to determine the effects and safety of metformin in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes. The study subjects (98 patients who were treated with metformin) were assigned into two groups: (Ⅰ) 59 patients who were younger, aged less than 65 years, and (Ⅱ) 39 patients who were elderly, aged more than 65 years. The primary endpoint was the change in glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) at 12 weeks. The secondary endpoints were the safety variables, including hypoglycemic events and adverse events. Although HbA1c decreased significantly in both group Ⅰ (－0.5%) and group Ⅱ (－0.9%), the difference between the two groups in the change in HbA1c was not significant. There were no incidences of hypoglycemia or adverse events in either group. Metformin improved glycemic control in the elderly patients as well as in the non-elderly patients. It is necessary to examine what dose of metformin and serum creatinin level (Cre), eGFR is appropriate for elderly patients.
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[Case Report]
  • A Case of Primary Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma Limited to the Paratracheal Mediastinum
    Shingo NOGUCHI, Kazuhiro YATERA, Mitsutaka JINBO, Youko FUKUDA, Kei YA ...
    2013 Volume 35 Issue 3 Pages 213-218
    Published: September 01, 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: September 13, 2013
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7888/juoeh.35.213
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    A 54 year old Japanese man was introduced to Saiseikai General hospital for an evaluation of an abnormal chest X-ray film. Abnormal soft tissue area was observed in the mediastinum surrounding anterior area of the trachea on chest CT. Because the mediastinal tumor showed slow enlargement after temporal decrease and surgical resection of the tumor was performed 3 years after the first visit. Pathologically, diffuse proliferation of oval-shaped plasmacytic or small lymphocytic cells with eccentrically-located nuclei with rough chromatin were observed in the tumor. Immunohistochemically, these cells were positive for CD20, weakly positive for IgM, negative for CD3, CD5, CD10, suggesting lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (LPL). The patient was treated with rituximab after the surgical treatment, and showed no exacerbation for 3.5 years after surgery. LPL localized to the paratracheal mediastinum is rare, and a surgical approach is important for prompt and proper diagnosis.
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[Research Note]
  • Implementation of Acute Stroke Rehabilitation Services in Our Hospital －Comparison Between the Years 2010 and 2000－
    Yoko NAKAMOTO, Hideo SHITAMA, Shinya IIDA, Yoko SUZUKI, Yasuyuki MATSU ...
    2013 Volume 35 Issue 3 Pages 219-223
    Published: September 01, 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: September 13, 2013
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7888/juoeh.35.219
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    We retrospectively compared the stroke rehabilitation services in our hospital in 2010 with those in 2000. The severity of strokes in 2010 was worse than that in 2000. The period between the onset of stroke and beginning of physical therapy was shortened from 11.3 days to 4.0 days, and the period between prescription and beginning of physical therapy was shortened from 1.1 days to 0.2 days. We consider that two reasons for these changes were that requests to the department of rehabilitation came at earlier stages in the development of symptoms and that we could shift chronic rehabilitation services to acute rehabilitation services due to an increase in the number of physical therapists. Introducing the electronic medical record system might also have been efficient for these changes.
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  • Evaluation of the Application of the Clinical Pathway Using Diagnosis Procedure Combination (DPC) Data
    Homare SAKAI, Keiji MURAMATSU, Shinya MATSUDA
    2013 Volume 35 Issue 3 Pages 225-240
    Published: September 01, 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: September 13, 2013
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7888/juoeh.35.225
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    The clinical pathway (CP) is a schedule of a standard set of treatments for a particular clinical condition. The horizontal axis of the CP indicates hospitalization days and the vertical axis indicates a set of procedures for each day. Using the CP, medical staff (i.e., physicians and nurses) and patients can have a clear image of the content of treatment and its schedule, and can understand the tests, operation schedules and the aim of the discharge day, and avoid excessive or deficient tests and care. The health care service can function smoothly as a team because it is clear who is responsible for what. However, it requires a considerable amount of time and work for medical staff to evaluate clinical activities based on the established CP, to monitor the appropriateness of the CP, and to modify its content if necessary. Because of this, it is not rare for hospital staff to stop using CPs. In this study, we tried to develop a method to systematically evaluate the appropriate level of CP based on Diagnosis Procedure Combination (DPC) data. Furthermore, we developed a methodology to formulate a new CP based on DPC data. The present study has clarified that management staff can support medical staff in CP - based clinical evaluation and CP development by using the DPC data. This kind of partnership between management and medical staffs should contribute to the standardization and amelioration of clinical quality.
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[Review]
  • Psychological Processes and Readaptation to Life in Society of Elderly Widowers
    Kazuko MUROYA, Tukasa TAJIMA
    2013 Volume 35 Issue 3 Pages 241-246
    Published: September 01, 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: September 13, 2013
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7888/juoeh.35.241
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    This study used a literature review to examine the psychological processes and readaptation to life in society of elderly widowers. The psychological restoration process after a bereavement is different among individuals, and there are various types of coping patterns. However the relationship between the psychological process after a bereavement and the psychological isolation caused by environmental factors of having social roles in the community or not, have not yet been clarified. Further research is needed on these points to support elderly widowers in their readaptation to life in society.
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