The specific antibody against horseradish peroxidase isozyme was prepared by a cell fussion technique between peroxidase-immunized mouse splenocyte and myeloma, P3-X63-U1 AZG^R. The prepared antibody could specifically bind to Type VIII isozyme and repress its activity. In contrast, the conventional antiserum could not differentiate the specific antigen sites of isozymes.

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Serum protein bound carbohydrates especially sialic acid and hexose, are significantly increased in the patients with primary and metastatic liver carcinoma whereas they are decreased in liver cirrhosis. On the other hand, α₁-acid glycoprotein, α₁-antitrypsin, haptoglobin and ceruloplasmin are markedly increased in the sera of the patients with liver carcinoma whereas α₂-macroglobulin is decreased. However, it is interesting to note that serum α₂-macroglobulin levels are apparently increased in the patients with progressive or active liver cirrhosis. These findings may suggest that the stimulation of B-lymphocyte function takes place in liver cirrhosis whereas the suppression of B-cell function takes place in liver carcinoma, because α₂-macroglobulin is thought to be produced mainly by B-lymphocytes. Also, these results suggest that suppressor T-lymphocyte functions are decreased in liver cirrhosis whereas they are increased in liver carcinoma. In liver carcinoma, α₁-acid glycoprotein produced from tumor tissues may play a role in the suppression of the progression of liver cancer, and in the repair of the immunological biodefense mechanisms in the course of development from liver cirrhosis to liver carcinoma. Finally, it is illustrated in this study that unmasked collagenolytic activities are markedly increased in the surrounding and adjacent tissues of human and experimental liver carcinoma when compared with normal controls. These results suggest that the production of collagenase (or procollagenase) is enhanced in their areas around the tumor due to unknown causes and the enzyme is masked and inactivated immediately by α-macro-globulins (α₂-M and α₁-M). These facts may be significant as the bio-defense mechanisms against the development of liver carcinoma.

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A simple and effective method for fixation of the fractured zygomatic complex is presented. This method consists of frontozygomatic osteosynthesis with a miniature screwed plate and additional direct wire fixation at the infraorbital rim. We used it in two cases with good results. Furthermore, treatment for associated injuries of the orbital floor and the maxillary sinus is described.

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The development and popularity of the rotary power mower has created ocular injuries among both farmers and urban dwellers. Five cases of ocular injuries over the past year resulting from a new type of rotary power mower are reported by the authors. Two of them became blind. We believe it is necessary to improve the machine and strongly advocate the use of safety goggles.

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An autopsy case of an unusual tumor of the esophagus, pseudosarcomatous carcinoma, is presented. The protruding tumor of the esophagus was composed of a sarcomatous area with myxomatous change and infiltrating squamous cell carcinoma. Metastatic lesions were composed only of moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. The transformation of squamous cell carcinoma cells into malignant spindle cells in the sarcomatous area was observed. These findings suggest that the sarcomatous components originate from squamous cell carcinoma.

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Several cases of Dipterex (O, O-dimethyl 2, 2, 2-trichloro-1-hydroxyethyl phosphonate ; one of organophosphorus pesticides) poisoning have been reported. The characteristic clinical feature of these cases is made up of three stages, (1) acute encephalopathy, (2) followed by recovery without any residual symptoms, (3) two to three weeks later, after taking Dipterex, they suffer from delayed neuropathy. Most of the cases show motor dominant polyneuropathy, but a few severe cases have developed myeloneuropathy. The histological evaluations of the sural nerve showed axonal change. The clinical and histological feature is similar to that reported in TOCP poisoning.

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A review of the literature of Charcot joints is made including history, clinical manifestation, incidences, clinical course, pathologic findings, x-ray findings, differential diagnosis and treatments. The most common original disease of Charcot joints is tabes dorsalis, followed by diabetes mellitus, syringomyelia and congenital insensitivity to pain. Steroid induced destructive arthropathies are also included under Charcot joints. Pathogenesis of Charcot joints is considered as a repetitive trauma to the joints which have no great pain sensation due to spinal cord or peripheral nerve lesions. Relationship between the sites of Charcot joints and original diseases is as follows: foot lesions are almost always due to diabetes mellitus; knee lesions, almost always due to tabes dorsalis, and shoulder lesions, almost always due to syringomyelia.

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Human beings are inseparable from history. Modern professional nursing as established by Florence Nightingale is valuable to the history of nursing as is proved by the fact that "Nursing", a general term, is often identified with "British Nursing". American nursing was started by the American humanitarians who were influenced greatly by Florence Nightingale, who developed her nursing based on a love for mankind. In spite of many twists and turns caused by social as well as economical changes, American nursing has developed into professional nursing based on behavioral science. A brief report on early nursing in the United States is presented in this paper.

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The aim of this report is to make clear several characteristics regarding the sex, age and specialities of members of the Kitakyushu Medical Association (K. M. A. ) classified by both districts (Moji, Kokura, Wakamatsu, Yahata and Tobata) and medical groups (Class A members－physicians paying full dues including those being employed; Class B members－physicians being employed), who play an important role as medical man-power of community health care in the city of Kitakyushu. We observed, at first, both changes by years in the number of physicians registered in the city of Kitakyushu and those in the K. M.A. by district and class for the past 16 years. Secondly, the above three characteristics are discussed concerning 1245 members of the K. M. A. (1201 males and 44 females; 865 members of Class A and 380 members of Class B). Our main results are as follows: 1) The mean age of male members is 53.5 years old and that of females is 57.8 years old as of Dec. 31, 1980. In Class A and 5 districts the highest mean age is 59.1 years old in Wakamatsu and the lowest, 53.9 in Kokura. 2) The main specialities listed by members are internal medicine (40.8%), surgery (16.9%), obstetrics and gynecology (10.6%), pediatrics (6.5%) and otorhinolaryngology (6.2%). Of the total number of K. M. A. members classified by their specialities internal medicine is the highest (48.3%) followed by pediatrics (23.5%), surgery (21.0%), orthopedics (11.2%) and obstetrics and gynecology (11.0%).

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