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Volume 25 (2003)
- Issue 4 Pages 365-
- Issue 3 Pages 261-
- Issue 2 Pages 161-
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Volume 25, Issue 4
Displaying 1-11 of 11 articles from this issue
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Uki YAMASHITA, Etsushi KURODA, Yasuhiro YOSHIDA, Tsutomu SUGIURAArticle type: Original
2003 Volume 25 Issue 4 Pages 365-374
Published: December 01, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 11, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn previous papers we reported that endocrine disrupters (EDs) such as 4, 4'- isopropylidene diphenol (Bisphenol A: BPA), bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (EHP) and p-nonylphenol (NP) stimulated proliferative responses and cytokine productions of murine spleen cells and thymus cells in vitro. In this paper we report our studies on the effect of EDs on immune responses in vivo. EDs (10-5M) such as BPA, EHP and NP were administered to mice by free drinking for 6 weeks and their immune responses were studied both in vitro and in vivo. EDs did not affect the body weight of the mice, spleen and thymus cell numbers, and serum immunogloburin concentration. The proliferative responses of spleen cells cultured in vitro were not changed by EDs-administration. However, the proliferative responses of thymus cells from EDs-treated mice were enhanced. Furthermore, the immunization of EDs-treated mice with protein antigens resulted in the enhanced production of antibody. These results suggest that EDs have immunomodulating activities in vivo.View full abstractDownload PDF (678K) -
Masahiro HASHIMOTO, Masaharu KUMASHIRO, Shinji MIYAKEArticle type: Original
2003 Volume 25 Issue 4 Pages 375-386
Published: December 01, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 11, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper describes an experiment to elucidate the effects of aging on vigilance performance with VDTs. In addition, the experiment was undertaken to evaluate whether the aging effects are affected by the degree of task difficulty and by the screen size of the VDTs. Forty healthy male volunteers were studied in two age groups of 20 participants. In the experiment, the participants were required to perform vigilance tasks, which were presented either on a conventional 17-inch display or a large-sized 110-inch display. The 60-minute task period was divided into three 20-minute phases assigning the tasks with two scenarios of different degrees of difficulty. Performance was measured using reaction time for detection and number of detection errors. The results pointed out three effects: (1) the performance of the vigilance tasks deteriorated more markedly among the older adults than among the younger adults; (2) the between-screen differences on the vigilance performance were significant for the older adults, but not for the younger adults; (3) the effect of screen size was amplified by increasing the degree of task difficulty. These data indicate that screen size and task difficulty have an effect on vigilance performance with VDTs of older adults.View full abstractDownload PDF (1319K) -
Yoshiki TOKURAArticle type: Review
2003 Volume 25 Issue 4 Pages 387-395
Published: December 01, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 11, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPhotocontact dermatitis is one of the major occupational skin diseases and an undesirable adverse effect produced by chemicals and drugs in our environment. This dermatitis is caused by skin application of photosensitive agents plus ultraviolet light irradiation. There exist both primary irritant and allergic mechanisms in this dermatosis. While the former is induced by the phototoxic reactions, the latter allergic type is mediated by Langerhans cells, T cells, various cytokines and chemokines, and thus occurs via a well-orchestrated and well-elucidated immunological mechanism. The photoallergic type has a higher incidence and more severe skin eruptions than the primary irritation. Photoconjugation of epidermal cells with a photohaptenic halogenated chemical is the initial step, and Langerhans cells serve as antigen-presenting cells. Causative photohaptens are bound to MHC class II molecules/self peptide on Langerhans cells upon exposure to UVA. The photomodified Langerhans cells sensitize and elicit antigen-specific T cells that mediate photoallergy. Thus, this photoallergy is induced by well-orchestrated photochemical and immunological mechanisms.View full abstractDownload PDF (631K) -
Hiroyuki MORII, Kazuhiro ODA, Yuko SUENAGA, Terumasa NAKAMURAArticle type: Original
2003 Volume 25 Issue 4 Pages 397-407
Published: December 01, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 11, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA survey of breath methane excretion in Japanese is reported in this paper. The prevalence of methane excretion was 15% in 231 Japanese subjects, which was significantly lower than the range 33－60% reported in Canada and the U.S.A. The prevalence of methane excretion was only 3% in males between the ages of 18－29 years old. However, it increased with age, and both males and females within the ages of 50－59 years old reached to almost the same value of 25－27%. When both parents were methane producers, 67% of their children were also methane producers. On the other hand, only 6% of the children were methane producers when both parents were methane non-producers. The prevalence of methane excretion was 55% in Caucasians who have lived in Japan for four years or longer. This is the same level reported in Canada and the U.S.A. The effect of familial component and ethnic origin suggested that breath methane excretion is strongly affected by genetic factors.View full abstractDownload PDF (1025K) -
Yoshiaki DOI, Hideaki KUDO, Tomoko NISHINO, Sunao FUJIMOTOArticle type: Review
2003 Volume 25 Issue 4 Pages 409-417
Published: December 01, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 11, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSVasculogenesis is defined as a neovascularization manner by which endothelial progenitor cells are successively incorporated into the growing capillaries, whereas angiogenesis is another neovascularization manner which includes mitotic proliferations of endothelial cells of the preexisting capillaries and their migration to the vascular tips forming so called "vascular sprouts" or "endothelial buds". Although angiogenesis had been considered to be more prevalent during organogenesis as well as during a wound healing process of adult mammals, recent findings that endothelial progenitor cells were isolated from human peripheral blood and incorporated into sites of active neovascularization have led many researchers to recognize the significance of vasculogenesis in a phenomenon of neovascularization. This paper mainly deals with the history of morphological approaches to clarify the crucial roles of vasculogenesis during organogenesis and a wound healing process.View full abstractDownload PDF (1047K) -
Kiyotaka KOHSHIArticle type: Review
2003 Volume 25 Issue 4 Pages 419-433
Published: December 01, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 11, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSI have reviewed reports concerning neurologic emergency and neurosurgical diseases adjunctively treated with hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy. Some clinical studies indicate the favorable effects of HBO therapy on the events at an ultra-acute stage of brain ischemia. This therapy has been used in the treatments of other neurologic emergency diseases, such as brain and spinal injury, carbon monoxide intoxication, decompression illness involving the central nervous system and so on. Some reports clarify that patients with malignant gliomas have a prolonged survival by radiotherapy after HBO therapy. In addition, I have applied HBO preexposure to radiosurgical treatments for recurrent and brain stem gliomas. HBO therapy enhances the effects of some chemotherapeutic agents such as platinum drugs and nitrosoureas. Especially, the therapeutic effect of carboplatin, one of platinums, is improved by HBO therapy in recurrent malignant tumors. Although radiation-induced brain injury is the most serious problem after radiosurgery, HBO therapy controls this condition and its progression. Wound infection after intracranial or spinal surgery is well controlled by anti-infectious drugs combined with HBO therapy. Now HBO therapy is an important therapeutic option in the fields of neurologic emergency and neurosurgery. However, high-quality randomized controlled trials that evaluate the short- and long-term risks and benefits of HBO therapy are necessary to better inform clinical decisions.View full abstractDownload PDF (1467K) -
Sumiyo ISHIMATSU, Yuki OHGA, Tohru ISHIDAO, Hajime HORIArticle type: Short Report
2003 Volume 25 Issue 4 Pages 435-439
Published: December 01, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 11, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAntimicrobial activity of hinokitiol (β-thujaplicin), which is a major component of the essential oil of Chamaecyparis obtuse, against Legionella pneumophila was investigated experimentally. The quantitative antibacterial assay of hinokitiol was carried out by the disk-diffusion method. The test concentrations of hinokitiol were 0.39 to 25.0μg/disk, and the lowest concentrations of hinokitiol that showed growth inhibition against L. pneumophila were 1.56μg/disk on B-SYE agar and 0.39μg/disk on B-SYE agar without iron.View full abstractDownload PDF (406K) -
Hiroaki KAKOU, Yoko NAGAO, Saburo OMINE, Mitsuhiro OCHI, Futoshi WADA, ...Article type: Short Report
2003 Volume 25 Issue 4 Pages 441-446
Published: December 01, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 11, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of the lateral wedge on asymmetrical weight bearing and posture in hemiplegic gait. The subjects were 2-female and 4-male moderate stroke patients, average age 54±6yr. The time from onset was 127±69.7days. A 7mm-thick wedged insole was applied to the affected side for a week. Before and after that, the vertical ground reaction force, single supporting period and side movement of the trunk were recorded during walking. As a result, we found that the vertical ground reaction ratio and single supporting period ratio of the affected side (affected/unaffected) were significantly increased (P＜0.05), and also that the lateral sway of the trunk was remarkably decreased (P＜0.05). Our results indicate that the application of the lateral wedge for a week improved asymmetrical weight bearing and gait ability in moderate hemipalegic patients. Also we believe that a randomly sampled comparison study should be performed in the near future.View full abstractDownload PDF (448K) -
Orie ONO, Akira SHIRAHATA, Kimie YOSHIKAWA, Yumiko SUZUKI, Ryouko NIKA ...Article type: Research Note
2003 Volume 25 Issue 4 Pages 447-459
Published: December 01, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 11, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSince 1970, many hemophilia centers have been opened in the United States and Western Europe. In these centers, nurse coordinators (NCs) play an important role as key persons in improving the QOL of hemophiliacs with a variety of problems. On the other hand, NCs have not been stationed in most Japanese hemophilia centers, although many doctors and nurses in charge of hemophilia care desire that NCs participate in hemophilia treatment. Therefore, a survey of hemophiliacs and their families was conducted to clarify the role of the nurse in Japanese hemophilia care. The results obtained from the analysis of responses concerning 393 patients indicated that about two thirds of the respondents had never consulted with nurses in regard to their disease. Although the total number of items of care and support which were offered by nurses to the patients was 739, the total number of these items which were expected to be offered from nurses to the patients was 1078. These results indicate that the introduction of NCs is necessary for hemophilia care in Japan.View full abstractDownload PDF (1024K) -
Satoshi KAWANAMIArticle type: Report
2003 Volume 25 Issue 4 Pages 461-463
Published: December 01, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 11, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (620K) -
2003 Volume 25 Issue 4 Pages 465-476
Published: December 01, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 11, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (396K)
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