Journal of UOEH

Effects of Listening to Music with Headphones on Hearing

―Especially under Noisy Conditions ―

Shinji MIYAKE, Masaharu KUMASHIRO

Article type: Original
1986 Volume 8 Issue 4 Pages 391-404
Published: December 01, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: April 11, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7888/juoeh.8.391

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The purpose of this experiment was to clarify the effects of exposure to music using head-phones under noisy conditions on hearing. The most comfortable loudness (MCL) for three kinds of music (Rock, Popular, Japanese songs) decided by two normal hearing subjects was measured under 6 noisy conditions (Train, Subway, Tram, Bus, Underground, Street) in a soundproof room. In the same manner, the MCL of favorite tunes of five subjects were measured. Temporary threshold shift 2 min after exposure (TTS₂) to music for 30 min at the highest MCL was obtained. Furthermore, the characteristics such as spectral structures in one-third octave band or level fluctuations (coefficient of variation) were obtained for noise and music and compared. Statistical analysis revealed that MCL in Street was significantly higher than under other conditions and there was no significant differences in MCL among the various types of music. However, the highest MCL was found for Rock. About 20 dB of TTS was observed in one ear and the hazardous of headphones use in noisy conditions was suggested.

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A Morphological Comparison of the Foramen Magnum of the Male Middle Kyushuites with That of Other Ethnological Groups

Tamiji NAKASHIMA

Article type: Original
1986 Volume 8 Issue 4 Pages 405-410
Published: December 01, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: April 11, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7888/juoeh.8.405

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The foramen magnum of the male Middle Kyushuites was examined by both osteoscopic and osteometric methods. In the osteoscopic study, the two-semicircular shape was the most numerous as in the case of the adult Germans. The breadth and the index of the foramen magnum did not show any significant differences between the male Middle Kyushuites and the other ethnological groups, while the length of the foramen magnum was shorter than that of the others with a statistical significance. The mean length of the foramen magnum of the Kikai-islanders was the longest among the Japanese.

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Brachycephalization in the Head Form of School Girls in North Kyushu

Tamiji NAKASHIMA

Article type: Original
1986 Volume 8 Issue 4 Pages 411-414
Published: December 01, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: April 11, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7888/juoeh.8.411

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The maximum head-length and head-breadth of school girls in Kitakyushu city were measured. The purpose of this study is to prove the recent brachycephalic incidence of Japanese. The mean of cephalic index (the percentage ratio of maximum head-breadth to maximum head-length) of these girls is 87.0 indicating hyperbrachycephalic incidence. Since the cephalic indexes of the female farm workers in North Kyushu about 30 years ago were 81.0 and 81.1, the remarkable increase of the cephalic index in the present study may represent an example of the rapid brachycephalization of the present people.

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A Population Survey on Mass Screening Program for Gastric Cancer

Part 2. Why Don't They Receive Mass Screening Examination?

Naoki AKAMATSU, Makoto IDE, Yoichi UEDA, Yoshimasa KONDO, Shotaro NAKA ...

Article type: Original
1986 Volume 8 Issue 4 Pages 415-422
Published: December 01, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: April 11, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7888/juoeh.8.415

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The attitude of non-examined residents to a mass screening program for gastric cancer has been surveyed by a self-administered questionnaire among 3660 residents in a small town near Kitakyushu City. Among 1159 subjects who had not received any type of examination during the past 3 years, the answers of 638 subjects who completed the questionnaire were analyzed in this study. Reasons for not being examined were classifiied into 4 types; "unnecessary", "rejected", "inconvenient" and "others". The most frequent reason for not taking part in the screening program was "inconvenient" which means that there were some difficulties for them to participate in the program even if they wanted to. This reason was followed by "unnecessary" and "rejected". "Inconvenient" was the main reason for not being examined among people in their forties and fifties and/or among those who have jobs. Among elderly people, "unnecessary" had the highest frequency. "Rejected" was the least important reason in all age groups. In each age group "rejected" was found more frequently among females than males. As the type of reason for not being examined was different among groups, it is essential to work out different countermeasures for each group in order to raise the participating rate.

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Isolation of Legionella pneumophila from the UOEH Cooling Tower

Yoshihiko NIKAIDO, Hiroyuki KIKUHARA, Shin-ichi YOSHIDA, Yasuo MIZUGUC ...

Article type: Original
1986 Volume 8 Issue 4 Pages 423-428
Published: December 01, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: April 11, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7888/juoeh.8.423

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Twelve samples of water taken from the cooling tower of UOEH were examined for the presence of microorganisms belonging to the genus Legionella by using a new selective medium, Wadowsky-Yee-Okuda (WYO) medium. Three samples contained this organism and they were identified as Legionella pneumophila from their biochemical properties. Among the three contaminated samples, two yielded L.pneumophila serogroup 1 and 3, and the other contained only L. pneulnophila serogroup 1. One of the samples of the contaminated cooling tower water was treated with sodium hypochlorite as a disinfectant, indicating that this agent is probably not effective in eliminating L.pneumophila from cooling tower water at that concentration. An effective method of disinfection for Legionella spp. in the cooling tower must be developed to prevent infection in the hospital.

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Inhibition of Vasopressin Secreting Neurons of the Paraventricular Nucleus by Gastric Distension in Rats

Yoichi UETA, Hiroshi KANNAN, Hiroshi YAMASHITA

Article type: Original
1986 Volume 8 Issue 4 Pages 429-435
Published: December 01, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: April 11, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7888/juoeh.8.429

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The effects of gastric distension on the neural activity of vasopressin (AVP) secreting neurons of the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) were examined in rats anesthetized with urethane α - chloralose. Sixteen putative AVP neurons were identified on the basis of phasically firing patterns. About half of the putative AVP neurons (7/16) were inhibited by gastric distension, while distension of the intraperitoneal balloon had no effect. Severing of the left cervical vagus trunk greatly reduced the inhibitory response. In contrast, the gastric distension had no effect on most non-phasically firing neurons (55/66). These data indicate that sensory information originating from the gastric mechanoreceptors selectively inhibits the activity of PVN AVP secreting neurons and suggest that gastric afferent information is important in the rapid inhibition of AVP release after drinking.

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CT Diagnosis of Malignant Thymoma

Hideyuki WATANABE, Hajime NAKATA, Hiroshi YOSHIMATSU

Article type: Original
1986 Volume 8 Issue 4 Pages 437-442
Published: December 01, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: April 11, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7888/juoeh.8.437

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Computed tomography (CT) findings of six cases of malignant thymoma were analyzed with eight cases of benign thymoma as a control and the usefulness of CT in their differential diagnosis was evaluated 1) Three of the malignant thymomas showed a flat shape, while none of the benign ones showed such a configuration. All of the latter were round or oval 2) The margin of the tumor was irregular and lobulated with evidence of invasion in 4 of the malignant thymomas. All of the benign tumors showed a smooth margin. 3) Intrathoracic metastasis was noted in 2 of the malignant thymomas. 4) CT numbers of the tumors overlapped in both benign and malignant thymomas. 5) Thus the CT observation of the shape, margin, and Invasiveness of a tumor as well as evidence of intrathoracic metastasis makes the differential diagnosis between benign and malignant thymomas possible in most cases.

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Comparison of Bioassay Methods of Gastrin by Means of a pH Meter and Anti-log Amplifier

Seiji YAMADA

Article type: Original
1986 Volume 8 Issue 4 Pages 443-447
Published: December 01, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: April 11, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7888/juoeh.8.443

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For the study of gastric acid secretion, pH lowering or gastric juice has been used. In this study, an anti-log amplifier was used to measure the amount of acid secreted in rats in response to pentagastrin injection and the accuracy was compared with the conventional method.

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Sisters with Mercury Exposure

Minoru YAMAGISHI, Yasuhiro KAJIWARA, Yumi NAKAMURA, Ryuuichi FUKUZAKl, ...

Article type: Case Report
1986 Volume 8 Issue 4 Pages 449-455
Published: December 01, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: April 11, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7888/juoeh.8.449

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The same iron pot in which their father had boiled lead with mercury (from a glass thermo-meter) for the purpose of alchemy, was also used for cooking in the kitchen. Although his wife had died of mercury poisoning, and his 14-year-old and 11-year-old daughters were found to excrete 322 and 455 μg/l mercury in the urine, respectively, (1 -10 μg/l in controls), he stubbornly refused to give permission for them to be examined further. Nine months later, the daughters were permitted to be sent to our clinical ward. While the blood level of mercury had already come down to near normal, its excessive deposition in hair, kidneys and other parts of the body as well as its excessive urinary excretion, were still persistent (beyond tenfold the normal). According to our measurement values, mercury ranged from 14 to 49 μg/l in every 1-cm-piece of 10 cm hair of the elder sister, and ranged from 21 to 85 μg/g in 14 cm hair from the younger sister. About a 75% decrease in mercury deposition was estimated during these 9 months, based on the speculation of 1.5 cm/month hair-lengthening.

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The Ten Leading Work-Related Diseases and Injuries Proposed by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

Seiji YAMADA

Article type: Review
1986 Volume 8 Issue 4 Pages 457-469
Published: December 01, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: April 11, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7888/juoeh.8.457

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Ten leading work-related diseases and injuries were proposed by the NIOSH to be controlled. These diseases and injuries are 1) occupational lung diseases, 2) musculoskeletal injuries, 3) occupational cancers (other than lung), 4) amputations, fractures, eye loss, lacerations, and traumatic deaths, 5) cardiovascular diseases, 6) disorders of reproduction, 7) neurotoxic disorders, 8) noise induced loss of hearing, 9) dermatologic conditions, and 10) psychologic disorders. Current topics regarding these diseases and injuries are discussed.

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Conferences on Changing Community Needs and Future Medical Education (1986, Kyoto)

Yukio ITO

Article type: Report
1986 Volume 8 Issue 4 Pages 471-474
Published: December 01, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: April 11, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7888/juoeh.8.471

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11th International Congress on EEG and Clinical Neurophysiology (London)

Shigeaki MATSUOKA

Article type: Report
1986 Volume 8 Issue 4 Pages 475-481
Published: December 01, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: April 11, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7888/juoeh.8.475

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A Visit to Sterling Forest Laboratory for Research in Environmental Medicine of New York University (in Japanese)

Akio OHNISHI

Article type: Report
1986 Volume 8 Issue 4 Pages 483-486
Published: December 01, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: April 11, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7888/juoeh.8.483

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