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Volume 5 (1980)
- Issue 6 Pages 338-
- Issue 5 Pages 270-
- Issue 4 Pages 202-
- Issue 3 Pages 134-
- Issue 2 Pages 70-
- Issue 1 Pages 3-
Volume 5, Issue 5
Displaying 1-7 of 7 articles from this issue
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Eiichi Kimura1980 Volume 5 Issue 5 Pages 270-280
Published: September 01, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: October 21, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS -
Eisuke Mekada1980 Volume 5 Issue 5 Pages 281-292
Published: September 01, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: October 21, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS -
Setsuji Tone1980 Volume 5 Issue 5 Pages 293-303
Published: September 01, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: October 21, 2010
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Chitose Tobari, Hiroo Konaumi, Hiroshi Kurosawa, Tatsuo Shirai1980 Volume 5 Issue 5 Pages 305-308
Published: September 01, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: October 21, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe fragility of irradiated erythrocytes from healthy adults was examined using a CPC (coil planet centrifuge) system.
The osmotic resistance in the normal erythrocytes was calculated to be 107.8±4.1 mOsM at the minimum hemolytic point and 70.8±5.2 mOsM at the maximum hemolytic point.
The minimum and maximum hemolytic points in the irradiated erythrocytes for 1000 rad were calculated to be 104.9±2.7 and 71.0±1.1 mOsM, 110.2±4.2 and 72.0±1.7mOsM for 3000 rad and 112.7±4.1 and 75.3±3.2 mOsM for 6000 rad, respectively.
On the other hand, morphological changes such as swelling, radial or sugerplum structures and a lost hollow in the irradiated erythrocytes gradually increased following the radiation dose.
A simple and high precision method in the examination of the osmotic resistance of irradiated erythrocytes was found in the CPC system.View full abstractDownload PDF (729K) -
Hitoshi Masuda, Yuko Imamura, Susumu Inoue1980 Volume 5 Issue 5 Pages 309-315
Published: September 01, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: October 21, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe permeation behavior of direct dyes and acidic dyes through cellulose acetate membranes for ultrafiltration was investigated in their binary or ternary systems. In binary (dye-H2O) systems, the rejections of direct dyes were almost 100% and the rejections of acidic dyes were somewhat low. For example, the rejection of Orange II, molecular weight of which was the lowest of all acidic dyes, was about 80%. The rejections of acidic dyes increased with the increase in their molecular weight and the number of sulfonic group contained in the molecule. In case the molecular weight was more than 600, the rejection of acidic dye was almost 100%. In a ternary (dye-NaCl-H O) system, the rejection of a dye was much lower compared with the rejection in the binary system. Even the rejection of a direct dye was considerably low in the ternary system. The effect of NaC1 on the dye rejection was explained based on Donnan equilibrium. It was also made clear that the logarism of dye amount of adsorption was expressed by the logarism of the product of NaCl and dye concedtration. These facts helped us more precise understanding of the permeation behavior of dyes in ternary systems.View full abstractDownload PDF (910K) -
Hitoshi Masuda, Chiyoshi Kamizawa, Naoki Okuma, Osamu Sugiyama1980 Volume 5 Issue 5 Pages 316-322
Published: September 01, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: October 21, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn case a trace amount (1-10ppm) of a electrolyte having the affinity to cellulose acetate coexists in NaC1 solution, the rejection of NaC1 increases remarkably with a little loss of water flux. Concerning this fact it is speculated that the affinity substance is dominantly distributed in the membrane based on Donnan equilibrium and thereby densifies the membrane, thus promotes NaC1 rejection by the membrane. In this report, in order to confirm above-mentioned Donnan effect, the adsorption amounts of affinity substances (acidic and basic dyes) to membrane and membrane potentials accomponied by the adsorption were measured and transference numbers of ions in the membrane were calculated. The results revealed that the dye having a negatively charged functional group accelerated the transference of a cation and vise versa. The change in transference number of anion depended on the adsorption amount of the dye. The experimental results showed that affinity substances influenced greatly Donnan effect even if the slight amount was added in the solution and thereby affected tfle semipermeability of the membrane.View full abstractDownload PDF (900K) -
Properties of Reverse Osmosis Membranes Prepared from 4-Vinyl Pyridine-Vinylidene Chloride CopolymerEizo Oikawa, Keitaro Arai, Rinzo Tachibana1980 Volume 5 Issue 5 Pages 323-328
Published: September 01, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: October 21, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe characteristics of the membranes of copolymer of 4-vinyl pyridine and vinylidene chloride were investigated with reference to the structure change. The copolymer was spontaneously discolored and insolubilized within several days with elimination of hydrogen chloride. This change could be prevented by storing the copolymer in chloroform solution in cool. The membrane of the copolymer showed higher tensile strength than that of cellulose acetate membrane. With increasing 4VP content in the copolymer water permeability K1 increased, the strength decreased, and NaCl rejection increased passing a maximum at about 65mol% 4VP. Addition of 1, 4-diiodobutane (DIB) to the casting solution, increase in 4VP content and increase in drying time gave enhanced dehydrochlorination. However, quaternized and crosslinked membranes with a small amount of DIB showed improved properties; enhanced K1 and R without considerable decrease in the strength. Dehydrochlorination concurrently brought about the formation of C=C bonds and crosslinking, causing rigid membranes and hence improved K1.View full abstractDownload PDF (761K)
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