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Volume 47 (2022)
- Issue 6 Pages 310-
- Issue 5 Pages 240-
- Issue 4 Pages 184-
- Issue 3 Pages 122-
- Issue 2 Pages 60-
- Issue 1 Pages 2-
Volume 47, Issue 3
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
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Special Topic : Encounters of membrane science with biopolymers at work
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Eri Ito2022 Volume 47 Issue 3 Pages 122-129
Published: 2022
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2022
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSContact lenses, which support visual function in the eyes, have taken advantage of the membrane’s physical transport function since they were first conceived more than 60 years ago. Silicone hydrogel lenses, the current mainstream, have a nanoscale phase-separated structure and exhibit advanced physical transport. Considering these evolutions, biopolymers functionalizing contact lenses have made revolutionary advances since their encounter with membrane science.View full abstractDownload PDF (1134K) -
Taka-Aki Asoh2022 Volume 47 Issue 3 Pages 130-136
Published: 2022
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2022
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThe material surfaces and interfaces are important because they are always in contact with the external environment. Wrinkle structures working on hydrogel surfaces and interfaces were studied. The results showed that the wrinkle structures strongly adhere to the hydrogels. Moreover, we succeeded in fabricating dynamic wrinkles with a wave–like structure, which provides important insights into the fabrication of wrinkle surfaces with controlled peristaltic flow direction like a conveyor belt.View full abstractDownload PDF (1101K) -
Yuji Teramura2022 Volume 47 Issue 3 Pages 137-146
Published: 2022
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2022
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSModification of the cellular membrane with biomaterials has become an important technique for cell protection, cell manipulation and cell fusion, which can contribute to the progress of biomedical fields. In transplantation therapy, cell protection can be achieved by cell surface coating with biocompatible polymers together with regulators, leading to local immune control and improving the graft survival. Cell manipulation has attracted the attention for delivery of therapeutic cells in regenerative therapy. The cell coating with synthetic ligangs can enhance the efficiency of cell–cell interaction and localization at diseased area, which can improve the therapeutic effect. Fusing different cells to form new functional cells is an old technique, however, the efficiency is quite low. The cell surface modification can improve the cell fusion efficiency through inducing selective cell–cell attachment, which could be useful for producing new functional cells. Here I review the significance of polymer–based cell surface engineering for biomedical applications.View full abstractDownload PDF (1011K) -
pH.Responsive Polyion Complex (PIC) Vesicles Covered with Phosphorylcholine Groups.Containing ShellsShin-ichi Yusa2022 Volume 47 Issue 3 Pages 147-154
Published: 2022
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2022
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSpH–responsive polyion complex (PIC) vesicles were prepared, that collapse under acidic conditions such as those inside a lysosome. Furthermore, at acidic conditions, cationic polymer was released from the PIC vesicles to break the lysosome membranes. Diblock copolymers (P20M167 and P20A190) composed of a charge–neutralized water–soluble poly(2–(methacryloyloxy)ethyl phosphorylcholine) (PMPC; P) block and cationic or anionic blocks were synthesized via controlled radical polymerization. Poly(3–(methacrylamidopropyl)trimethylammonium chloride) (PMAPTAC; M) and poly(sodium 6–acrylamidohexanoate) (PAaH; A) were used as the cationic and anionic blocks, respectively. While the pendant fatty acid groups in the PAaH block are ionized in basic water, the fatty acid groups are protonated in acidic water. In basic water PIC vesicles were formed with a stoichiometrically charge neutralized mixture of oppositely charged P20M167 and P20A190. At acidic conditions, the PIC vesicles collapsed, because the charge balance shifted due to protonation of the PAaH block. After collapse of the PIC vesicles, P20A190 formed micelles, while P20M167 was released as unimers. PIC vesicles can encapsulate hydrophilic non–ionic guest molecules. At acidic conditions, the PIC vesicles can release the guest molecules and P20M167. The cationic P20M167 breaks the lysosome membrane to release the guest molecules from the lysosomes to the cytoplasm.View full abstractDownload PDF (919K) -
Makoto Sasaki, Mitsuhiro Ebara2022 Volume 47 Issue 3 Pages 155-160
Published: 2022
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2022
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSHemodialysis (HD) is the most commonly used treatment for end–stage renal failure. However, low infrastructure environment such as developing world or post–disaster environment have limited the maintenance of HD due to the absence of adequate support and frequent power outage or water. To solve this problem, the development of wearable artificial kidney (WAK) is being actively pursued around the world. In this review, we will introduce some examples of current WAK technologies.View full abstractDownload PDF (924K) -
Yukinori Ikeda, Kazuki Takahashi, Tetsuro Watabe, Yukiko T. Matsunaga2022 Volume 47 Issue 3 Pages 161-168
Published: 2022
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2022
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSBlood vessels are the site for gas exchange and nutrient exchange between blood and peripheral tissues. Blood vessels are also the major pathway of cancer metastasis and become disordered under pathological conditions. Understanding the function of blood vessels under physiological or pathological conditions is important for developing new strategies for treatment of diseases. Recently, in vitro systems called microphysiological system (MPS) mimicking living tissues on the micro level have gained attention as a tool in visualizing cellular dynamics in 3D microenvironment with controlling over physical and chemical parameters, both of which are difficult to be controlled in animal experiments and conventional 2D in vitro systems. In this article, we introduce recent breakthroughs on blood vessel study using in vitro microvessel models.View full abstractDownload PDF (904K)
Original Contribution :
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Saki Takahashi, Takaaki Sasaki, Takeshi Nagatani, Jun-ichi Tayanagi2022 Volume 47 Issue 3 Pages 169-176
Published: 2022
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2022
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCrosslinking of ultra–high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) film is induced by electron beam irradiation. UHMWPE film was irradiated at doses ranging from 0 to 800 kGy. Gel fraction, trans–vinylene, peak melting temperature and melting enthalpy were measured. From the results of gel fraction and amount of trans–vinylene, the amount of crosslinking was found to increase as the irradiation dose increased. However, the main chain scission occurred below 60 kGy. When chloromethylstyrene (CMS) was graft–polymerized onto UHMWPE film using electron– beam–induced graft polymerization, the graft ratio increased as dose increased within the range of 0 to 100 kGy. When the dose was 200 kGy or more, the graft ratio decreased as dose increased, and when the dose was 400 kGy or more, dimensions of the film did not increase and polymerization progressed only on the surface of the film.View full abstractDownload PDF (989K)
Products Spotlight :
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Hideaki Ando, Hiroshi Hamada2022 Volume 47 Issue 3 Pages 177-180
Published: 2022
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2022
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSMembrane bioreactors (MBRs) have been widely applied in various types of wastewater treatment systems due to its features such as complete separation of activated sludge and treated water. Toray has commercialized flat sheet membranes with low fouling properties and excellent water permeabilities. In order to highly utilize the performance of membranes, Toray developed new modules named NHPA series. In NHPA modules, thinner elements (2 mm thickness) are adopted in which dots–shaped permeate channels made of resin are applied instead of traditional support board, and a packing density of membranes is 1.5 times higher than that of conventional modules, as a result. The new modules also have large varieties of different membrane areas and module sizes to fit for requirements and installation space constraints by customers. Furthermore, the innovative operation support system (named TORAYWISE®) was developed, in which newly developed original simulation technology and sludge image analysis technologies to acquire simulation parameters. These technologies assist MBR stable operation and maintenance by timely monitoring of sludge properties and prediction of the MBR plant performance.View full abstractDownload PDF (970K)
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