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Volume 47, Issue 1
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
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Special Topic : Research on cells and biological membranes connected by substrate support membrane structures
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Jiro Usukura2022 Volume 47 Issue 1 Pages 2-9
Published: 2022
Released on J-STAGE: February 14, 2022
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSAn atomic force microscope (AFM) enables to describe the surface structure by tracing the sample surface with a probe (needle) even in solution. Therefore, it is expected that the movement of cell surfaces can be captured in culture medium at high resolution equivalent to that of an electron microscope. However, in order to detect the endocytosis and the lamellipodia moving on the cell surface, it is necessary to scan the probe faster than their movement. The AFM (Olympus BIXAM) used captured an area of 6 μm × 4 μm at a speed of 1 frame / 10 seconds. Such a scan rate may no longer be sufficient, but the movement of lamellipodia extending from the cell surface and of the actin filaments just below the cell membrane were successfully captured. In addition, AFM has succeeded in revealing the intracellular fine structures of cultured cells and of cells in tissues by using unroofing technique and cryo–sections (Tokuyasu method) respectively for sample preparation.View full abstractDownload PDF (1266K) -
Daisuke Yamamoto2022 Volume 47 Issue 1 Pages 10-14
Published: 2022
Released on J-STAGE: February 14, 2022
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSAtomic force microscopy (AFM) provides opportunities to directly observe the structures and the dynamics of biological macromolecules in aqueous environment. One of the key techniques to acquire AFM images with high reliability is to adsorb molecules to a solid support with controlled affinity in proper orientation. For this purpose, supported lipid bilayers have been applied as substrates. The ability of the lipid bilayer to control the interaction between the macromolecules and the surface makes it possible to control the orientation and the dynamics of the molecules thereon. Here, the AFM imaging of 2D protein crystals, adsorbing proteins with controlled affinity and orientation, the use of streptavidin crystal as a substrate are described.View full abstractDownload PDF (689K) -
Akane Iida, Mitsuhiro Abe, Hideki Nabika2022 Volume 47 Issue 1 Pages 15-20
Published: 2022
Released on J-STAGE: February 14, 2022
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSCell membranes control structure and function through self–assembly by manipulating the interactions between diverse molecules. Since the kinetics and thermodynamics are governed by the chemical and physical conditions of the reaction fields, many studies have been conducted using well plates, petri dishes, and test tubes as reaction vessels to study the interactions between cell membranes and proteins under various compositions, temperatures, and concentrations. However, one of the major differences between such experimental conditions in the laboratory and those in living systems is that most of the former studies are conducted in closed systems, whereas living systems govern the kinetics and thermodynamics of various self–organizations under essentially open systems. In this paper, we will attempt to discuss the differences in protein self–assembly at the cell membrane interface in closed and open systems from calculations and experiments, using the self–assembly of amyloid–, the protein responsible for Alzheimer’s disease.View full abstractDownload PDF (980K) -
Toshinori Shimanouchi2022 Volume 47 Issue 1 Pages 21-27
Published: 2022
Released on J-STAGE: February 14, 2022
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSSubstrate supported polymer membranes are promising materials as well as substrate supported lipid bilayers as a platform for medical devices and biosensors. The property of substrate supported polymer membranes depends on the preparation method and the entanglement of the polymers in the membrane. The amyloid fibril formation of amyloid βprotein and its accumulated property was investigated. Fibril formation depends on the kinds of polymers, and their molecular weight. These results suggests the contribution of entanglement in membranes and hydration properties to the fibrillogenesis. Thus, substrate supported polymer membranes can be expected as a biological membrane system.View full abstractDownload PDF (993K) -
Seiichi Ohta, Pan Qi, Shinsuke Ohba, Gento Yamaguchi, Yuichi Hara, Mas ...2022 Volume 47 Issue 1 Pages 28-35
Published: 2022
Released on J-STAGE: February 14, 2022
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSNonwoven sheets are membranes that are bonded together by entangled fibers. They are widely used in medical field, including surgical masks. Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is a cellulose derivative in which some of the hydroxyl groups in the cellulose backbone are substituted into carboxymethyl groups. CMC possesses high biocompatibility, and its property can be tuned by various factors, such as degree of substitution and type of counter ions. Based on a novel CMC nonwoven sheet developed by Asahi Kasei Corporation, we have investigated its applications in the biomedical field. In this review, our attempts in developing the CMC nonwoven sheet-based topical hemostatic agent, scaffold for bone regeneration, and wound dressing will be introduced.View full abstractDownload PDF (1101K)
Special Contribution :
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Ryosuke Takagi2022 Volume 47 Issue 1 Pages 36-45
Published: 2022
Released on J-STAGE: February 14, 2022
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSI was requested to write an article about the history, current situation, future etc. related to my research field. My research topic is “Characterization of membrane charge, and modeling of membrane”. I have characterized the membrane charge by analyzing the membrane potential, and have investigated the effect of membrane charge on the ion flux through membrane. I don’t think any researcher would argue with that the membrane charge significantly affects the membrane performance. Even now, we spot the term “membrane potential” in some papers, especially, papers related with ion exchange membranes. However, at present, I guess that none of the researchers in the world studies on membrane potential except me. Thus, it is difficult to review the present situation and future in this filed. The progress of my research and memories during research life is reported reflecting on my research life instead. In this second article, I report my research life from 1987 to around 2000.View full abstractDownload PDF (908K)
Review Article :
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Teruhiko Baba2022 Volume 47 Issue 1 Pages 46-53
Published: 2022
Released on J-STAGE: February 14, 2022
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSArchaeal lipids are attracting the attentions of biologists, biochemists, materials scientists, and bioengineering researchers for many years, due to their unique membrane properties, e.g., low membrane permeability and mechanical stability. In this review, an overview of the recent progress in studies on their membrane properties, clarified with real measurements as well as molecular dynamics simulation techniques, and the applications of archaeal and/or archaeal–type artificial lipids to the biotechnology field, is presented.View full abstractDownload PDF (873K)
Products Spotlight :
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Youhei Yabuno2022 Volume 47 Issue 1 Pages 54-57
Published: 2022
Released on J-STAGE: February 14, 2022
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSWhen filtering highly turbid water, the mainstream method is to perform filtration after removing turbidity by coagulation, flocculation, and sedimentation process as pretreatment for filtration. On the other hand, since the “GL” module has a high turbidity discharge property, it is possible to apply the direct coagulation membrane filtration process in which membrane filtration is performed without flocculation and sedimentation process. In this paper, it was clarified that the direct coagulation membrane filtration process using the “GL” module has various advantages such as reduction of footprint by saving process, improvement of treated water quality, and high flux by suppressing membrane fouling.View full abstractDownload PDF (891K)
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