MEMBRANE
Online ISSN : 1884-6440
Print ISSN : 0385-1036
ISSN-L : 0385-1036
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Volume 33, Issue 4
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
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Special Issue : Plenary Lecture in 30th Annual Meeting
Review Article
  • Recent Developments in Fabrication of Giant Nanomembranes
    Toyoki Kunitake, Hirohmi Watanabe
    2008 Volume 33 Issue 4 Pages 130-138
    Published: 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: May 23, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5360/membrane.33.130
    JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS
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    Giant nanomembranes that are characterized by aspect ratios (size/thickness)of greater than one million are dis-cussed.The combination of nanometer thickness and macroscopic size facilitates important applications in materialsseparation, selective transport and electrochemical devices. Their fabrication procedure and hybridization aredescribed here. Spin coating of precursor solutions on appropriate underlayer is effectively used to prepare 10-30 nmthick nanomembranes of metal oxides, interpenetrating network of crosslinked acrylate with metal oxide, and highlycross-linked organic polymers (epoxy resin, etc.). When the underlayer is removed, self-supporting nanomembranesbecome separated from the substrate without damage. These nanomembranes are surprisingly robust and defect-free, and can be hybridized by physical and chemical means. The latter method provides mechanical properties ofnanomembranes reveal that the texture of the nanomembranes is essentially identical with those of the macroscopiccounterparts. Their application potentials as 2D materials are discussed.
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Special Issue : Membrane Award for Young Scientists (2008)
Award Lecture
  • Development of Photoresponsive Membrane SystemsComposed of Photochromic Polymers
    Kimio Sumaru
    2008 Volume 33 Issue 4 Pages 139-146
    Published: 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: May 23, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5360/membrane.33.139
    JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS
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    Among active studies in the research field of the photo-functional polymers composed of photoresponsive chro-mophores, we have developed various functional membranes composed of organic photochromic materials. As oneof wet and soft systems, which are controlled by light, we prepared a photo-responsive hydrogel thin layer, which wasattached covalently to the surface of a glass plate at one side through in situradical polymerization of N-isopropy-lacrylamide, acryl ester of spirobenzopyran and N,N-methylene-bis(acrylamide)on a flat glass substrate whose sur-face had been modified with vinyl groups. The influence of the light irradiation and the temperature change to thevolume of the photo-responsive hydrogel was analyzed systematically, and photo-induced micro-relief formation wasdemonstrated by using a micro-pattern projection system. As a result, it was observed that the hydrogel shrank inresponse to the light irradiation with the wavelength of 436 nm at any temperatures below 30℃, and the 3-D micro-relief was formed by micro-patterned light irradiation in a few seconds. Also it was proved that microchanel alongarbitrary pathway can be formed instantly by micro-patterned light irradiation in an “on demand”way. Further, weinvestigated photo-responsive behavior in water of photochromic polymers immobilized on quartz surfaces, by usinga quartz crystal microbalance technique with dissipation measurement (QCM-D technique), and extracted the photo-induced change in the characteristics of polymer-water interface.
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  • Surface Structure of Lipid Membrane Modulates Apolipoprotein A-I Binding and Its Conformational Change
    Masafumi Tanaka
    2008 Volume 33 Issue 4 Pages 147-152
    Published: 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: May 23, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5360/membrane.33.147
    JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS
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    Interaction of apolipoproteins with lipid surfaces plays crucial roles in lipoprotein metabolism and cholesterolhomeostasis. It has been accepted that apolipoprotein (apo)A-I, the major protein constituent of high-density lipopro-tein (HDL), is inversely related to risk of cardiovascular disease in humans. ApoA-I binding to lipid surfaces dependson membrane structure. In this study, to elucidate the detailed mechanism by which apoA-I associates with plasmamembrane and lipoprotein particles, the effects of lipid composition and surface curvature on the lipid-apoA-I interac-tions were examined.In the initial step of the HDL formation, apoA-I produces discoidal particles. The membrane structure in discoidalparticles is thought to be distinct from that in lipid vesicles although both contain lipid bilayer structure.The possi-bilities of lipid nanodisks for application to drug delivery systems will be discussed.
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Special Issue : Advance in Membrane Separation Technology in Food Industry
Lecture Note
Review Article
  • Development of Microfiltration Membranes of Biodegradable Plastics
    Takaaki Tanaka
    2008 Volume 33 Issue 4 Pages 165-172
    Published: 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: May 23, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5360/membrane.33.165
    JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS
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    Biodegradable plastics, such as poly(L-lactic acid)(PLLA), poly(ε-caprolactone)(PCL)and poly(1,4-butylene suc-cinate)(PBS), degrade in natural environments and composting facilities. We have been developing porous mem-branes of biodegradable plastics to reduce the wastes formed in filtration processes in food and biochemical indus-tries. Microporous membranes of PLLA, PCL and PCL-PLLA-blends were preparedvia thermally induced phase sep-aration. The hydraulic resistance and pore size of the membranes were evaluated by filtration of water and a suspen-sion of yeast cells (6μm), respectively. The PLLA membrane had high permeation resistance (low permeability)although it retained yeast cells on the membrane. The PCL membrane passed the yeast cells although it had highpermeability. Thus we prepared microporous membranes of polymer blend of the two biodegradable plastics to yieldhigh permeability and high cell retention. The resistance of PCL-PLLA-blend (4:1)membrane was as low as that ofthe PCL membrane. The polymer blend membrane retained yeast cells in a manner of depth filtration, which allowedfor fast filtration. Microporous membranes of PBS were prepared from PBS-chloroform solutions via immersion pre-cipitation method with a coagulation bath of methanol. Membranes prepared from 10% PBS solutions pre-incubatedat 47.5℃show a permeation resistance of 1011m–1and a retention of the bacterial cells (0.7φ×2.5μm)of 99%. Themicroporous membranes of biodegradable plastics will be helpful as prefilters to eliminate the waste of filter and filteraids in food and biochemical industries.
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Original Contribution
  • Characterization of Oxidized and Fragmented Superoxide Dismutase Recruited on Liposome Surface
    Le Quoc Tuan, Hiroshi Umakoshi, Toshinori Shimanouchi, Ryoichi Kuboi
    2008 Volume 33 Issue 4 Pages 173-179
    Published: 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: May 23, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5360/membrane.33.173
    JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS
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    The interaction of oxidized and fragmented SOD with liposomes has been reported to induce the original SOD-likeenzymatic activity (L.Q. Tuan et al., Langmuir, 24 (2008) 350-354).The effect of several kinds of liposomes on theirrecruited activity of oxidized and fragmented SOD was first investigated. The addition of zwitterionic liposomes withhigh membrane fluidity or that with positive charge was found to increase the SOD-like activity of fragmented SODalthough the negatively charged liposome has no effect on its activity. The SOD-like activity was found to be relatedto the adsorbed amount of the peptides on the liposome surface. The analyzed characteristics of the peptide, togeth-er with the above findings, imply that the liposome-recruited activity of the fragmented SOD was related with therecognition of the SOD fragment by the liposome caused by the combination of electrostatic and hydrophobic inter-action, and hydrogen bonding between the peptide and liposome membrane.
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  • Superoxide Dismutase-like Activity of Liposomes Modified with Dodecanoyl His andMetal Ions
    Hiroshi Umakoshi, Le Quoc Tuan, Kengo Morimoto, Yuji Ohama, Toshinori ...
    2008 Volume 33 Issue 4 Pages 180-187
    Published: 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: May 23, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5360/membrane.33.180
    JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS
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    The liposome modified with simple ligand and metal ions shows the superoxide dismutase-like activity. The mem-brane fluidity of various liposomes modified with the functional ligand (Dodecanoyl-His; Dodec-His) and the cluster-ing of the ligand on the liposome surface were first characterized, showing that the clustering of Dodec-His could beinduced on the liposome surface at gel-phase. The capacity of adsorption of Cu and Zn was found to be increaseddependently on the type of liposome, resulting in the maximal adsorption in liposome prepared by 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) at gel state and with higher ligand clustering state. As a result on the SOD-likeactivity of the metal/ligand-modified liposome, the SOD-like activity was found to be induced by using the above lipo-somes although its activity level is not so high.
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Products Spotlight
  • Electret Air Filter “Elitolon®”
    Toshiaki Hayashi
    2008 Volume 33 Issue 4 Pages 188-191
    Published: 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: May 23, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5360/membrane.33.188
    JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS
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    Toyobo has developed an electret air filter using our own advanced polymeric fiber production technology and itsstatic electricity permanent electrification technology. This product has been producing and marketing under thetrade mark of Elitolon®. Because the static electricity in the Elitolon®fiber makes it possible to collect atmosphericdust from the air extremely effectively, a high collection efficiency can be realized with a low pressure drop.Elitolon®has been originally classified into three types which are A-type, AA-type and NA-type. A-type, AA-type andNA-type are made by spunbonded fibers, meltblown fibers and film split fibers respectively. Toyobo has developed anew static electricity permanent electrification technology. Using this prominent technology, we lately commercial-ized Elitolon®R-type which contains a considerably greater amount of electric charge than conventional Elitolon®.
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