MEMBRANE

Special Issue : Membrane Technologies Supporting Safe and Secure Society

Overview

Membrane Technologies Supporting Safe and Secure Society

Shin-ichi Nakao

2006 Volume 31 Issue 1 Pages 2-5
Published: 2006
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2015

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5360/membrane.31.2

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There are many global, local and social problems, such as global warming, shortage of water resource, water pollution, air prolusion, and so on. People also want safe and reliable medical treatment system and healthy life. Therefore, safe and secure society is now strongly desired. In this article, the membrane technologies supporting the safe and secure society will be introduced. First the membrane technologies will be shortly explained, and then the membrane technologies preventing global warming will be introduced. The membrane technologies contribute to restore and maintain water and air environment. Furthermore the membrane technologies supporting safe medical treatment and healthy life will be introduced.

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Preventing Global Warming

Commentary

CO₂ Separation Membrane

Shingo Kazama

2006 Volume 31 Issue 1 Pages 6-7
Published: 2006
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2015

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5360/membrane.31.6

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Innovative CO2 separation membranes will play an ever more important role in separating CO2 derived from fossil fuels and contribute to mitigating the global warming.

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Membrane Separation of Nitrous Oxide

Hidetoshi Kita

2006 Volume 31 Issue 1 Pages 8-9
Published: 2006
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2015

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5360/membrane.31.8

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Membrane process was described in order to separate and decompose N2O which gives rise to the green house effect and the destruction of the ozone layer.

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Development of Hydrogen Permselective Membranes for Efficient Energy Society

Mikihiro Nomura

2006 Volume 31 Issue 1 Pages 10-11
Published: 2006
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2015

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5360/membrane.31.10

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Development of hydrogen permselective membranes is one of the key technologies for efficient hydrogen production. In this paper, hydrogen permselective membranes such as metal membranes and silica membranes were discussed.

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Oxygen Separation

Hideki Kurimura

2006 Volume 31 Issue 1 Pages 12-13
Published: 2006
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2015

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5360/membrane.31.12

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Ceramic membrane for oxygen separation can be applied to energy processes such as coal or asphalt integrated gasification combined cycle and gas-to-liquids process.

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Membrane Reactors

Naotsugu Itoh

2006 Volume 31 Issue 1 Pages 14-15
Published: 2006
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2015

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5360/membrane.31.14

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For fossil energy and natural resource saving, innovations with chemical processes should be required. Membrane reactors, which will be able to enhance chemical reactions with higher selectivity and therefore to minimize the process energy requirement, have great potentials to establish new processes and improve present processes.

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Polyelectrolyte Membrane for Fuel Cell

Akihiko Tanioka

2006 Volume 31 Issue 1 Pages 16-17
Published: 2006
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2015

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5360/membrane.31.16

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The recent development of polyelectrolyte membrane for fuel cell was discussed. Though so many kinds of membranes have been developed the perfluorocarbon type membranes still shows the excellent performance.

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Hydrocarbon Separation

Masahiko Matsukata

2006 Volume 31 Issue 1 Pages 18-19
Published: 2006
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2015

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5360/membrane.31.18

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Hydrocarbon separation would be a rich field which offers membrane researchers great promising future. Here, possible applications of membrane technology are summarized.

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Concentration and Dehydration of Biomass Ethanol

Kiminori Sato, Takehito Mizuno, Takashi Nakane

2006 Volume 31 Issue 1 Pages 20-21
Published: 2006
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2015

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5360/membrane.31.20

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Application of zeolite membranes developed in XNRI to the concentration and dehydration of biomass ethanol was briefly reported, and the energy saving effects by them was shown.

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Supporting Safe and Secure Water and Air Environment

Commentary

Membrane Technology in Waterworks

Shuwa Murata, Makio Tamura

2006 Volume 31 Issue 1 Pages 22-23
Published: 2006
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2015

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5360/membrane.31.22

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The use of membrane processes in a drinking water plant has been increasing over the past years. Membrane plants guaranteed to remove bacteria, cryptosporidium, odour, disinfection by-product precursors.

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Membrane Technology in Wastewater Treatment and Water Reuse

Naoki Ohkuma

2006 Volume 31 Issue 1 Pages 24-25
Published: 2006
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2015

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5360/membrane.31.24

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The application of the membrane technology to the wastewater treatment and water reuse in Japan is contributing to the development of industrial circles largely.

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Seawater Desalination

Hiroshi Iwahori

2006 Volume 31 Issue 1 Pages 26-27
Published: 2006
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2015

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5360/membrane.31.26

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Membrane separation technology, applying to seawater desalination, contributes to provide a safer, more stable and less expensive alternative water supply in arid and/or highly populated regions.

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Removal of Pesticides and Pharmaceutical Compounds

Takeharu Inoue

2006 Volume 31 Issue 1 Pages 28-29
Published: 2006
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2015

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5360/membrane.31.28

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Pesticides and pharmaceutical compounds could create problems. RO and NF membranes can remove those compounds.

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Separation and Recovery of Volatile Organic Compounds（VOC）by Membranes

Takeo Yamaguchi

2006 Volume 31 Issue 1 Pages 30-31
Published: 2006
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2015

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5360/membrane.31.30

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Volatile Organic Compounds（VOC）, such as toluene, xylene or chlorinated organics, made several global pollution problems. Membrane separation is one of important technology to solve this problem. The background and present technology concerning membrane design and performances are briefly explained.

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Photocatalytic Membrane Reactor for Enhanced Performance

Toshinori Tsuru

2006 Volume 31 Issue 1 Pages 32-33
Published: 2006
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2015

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5360/membrane.31.32

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Photocatalytic membrane reactors, where reactants were fed by convection through nanoporous titanium oxide membranes, were investigated for enhanced performance in gas and liquid-phase membrane separation.

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Supporting Safe Medical Treatment and Healthy Life

Commentary

Hemodialysis

Toshiyuki Kanamori

2006 Volume 31 Issue 1 Pages 34-35
Published: 2006
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2015

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5360/membrane.31.34

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The result of a national wide statistical survey on hemodialysis treatment in Japan indicates that the hemodialysis has matured as a medical treatment.

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Artificial Lung

Hiroyoshi Kawakami

2006 Volume 31 Issue 1 Pages 36-37
Published: 2006
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2015

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5360/membrane.31.36

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The membrane oxygenator, which is the gas exchange device, is designed to increase O2 exchange and CO2 removal. Hollow fiber membranes have been widely used for the membrane oxygenators.

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Drug Delivery System（DDS）by Use of Liposomes

Kazuo Ohki

2006 Volume 31 Issue 1 Pages 38-39
Published: 2006
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2015

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5360/membrane.31.38

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Drug delivery system is a promising method for the treatment of various diseases. Although the DDS has been studied for long time since the first proposal of it, the drug delivery systems is not always very much used clinically. Recently the study of clinical use is remarkably developed by the participation of some companies. The history and the present state of drug delivery system by use of liposomes are summarized in this review. And it is introduced that various techniques of drug delivery systems are put to practical use. They are AmBisome® for treatment of bacterial infection, BioPORTER® for injection of biological molecules into cells, Lipodine® for vaccine and PolyXen® for maintaining effect of medicine.

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Transdermal Drug Delivery System

Hiroshi Yamahara

2006 Volume 31 Issue 1 Pages 40-41
Published: 2006
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2015

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5360/membrane.31.40

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Skin permeation barrier and recent developments in transdermal drug delivery are discussed, then recent technology trends are reviewed.

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Contact Lens

Kazuhiko Nakada

2006 Volume 31 Issue 1 Pages 42-43
Published: 2006
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2015

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5360/membrane.31.42

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The gas permeability（Dk）is one of the important characteristics of contact lens （CL） materials for the safety CL wearing. ISO standards of the Dk measurement method are published in 1996 and 2000. In ISO standards, reference materials are requested to get the calibration curve of Dk. According to ISO standards we are able to get the good reproducibility of Dk measurement and compare Dk with other CL.

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Artificial Skin（collagen sponge）

2006 Volume 31 Issue 1 Pages 44-45
Published: 2006
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2015

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5360/membrane.31.44

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Original Contribution

Steam Reforming of Dimethyl Ether in a Zirconia Membrane Reactor

2006 Volume 31 Issue 1 Pages 46-50
Published: 2006
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2015

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5360/membrane.31.46

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Preparation and Its Stability of Monodispersed W/O/W Emulsion by Membrane Emulsification

2006 Volume 31 Issue 1 Pages 51-56
Published: 2006
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2015

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5360/membrane.31.51

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Products Spotlight

Advanced UF and MF Membrane Modules with Excellent Separation Property and Unique Structure for Water Treatment

2006 Volume 31 Issue 1 Pages 57-59
Published: 2006
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2015

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5360/membrane.31.57

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