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Volume 13 (1988)
- Issue 6 Pages 308-
- Issue 5 Pages 248-
- Issue 4 Pages 188-
- Issue 3 Pages 124-
- Issue 2 Pages 62-
- Issue 1 Pages 2-
Volume 13, Issue 3
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
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Hiroyoshi HIDAKA, Masatoshi HAGIWARA1988 Volume 13 Issue 3 Pages 124-132
Published: May 01, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 04, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSince the discovery of cAMP-dependent protein kinase, attention has been directed to the possible molecular mechanisms of biological regulation by which intracellular events are controlled by external stimuli. A number of protein kinases are regulated by specific agents which serve as messengers in relaying signals, extracellularly. Protein kinase C was discovered in 1977 by Nishizuka et. al. Recently, cDNA cloning and the sequence analysis of protein kinase C suggested the existence of several forms of this kinase. Immunocytochemical analysis revealed cell type specific expression of the enzyme in cerebellum and other tissues.View full abstractDownload PDF (1537K) -
Tetsuzo AGISHI1988 Volume 13 Issue 3 Pages 133-143
Published: May 01, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 04, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSExtracoporeal immunomodulation is a newly developed medical technology which is defined as a therapeutic modality modulating immune system by extracorpreal treatment.
1. Plasma treatment
1.1. Simple plasma exchange : Since an end of the 1970's, membrane plasma separators which directly separate plasma from whole blood by filtration has fecome available. All cellular components are rejected while plasma components permeate through the membrane pores. Plasma containing immunologically pathogenic substances is discarded and replaced with healthy plasma.
1.2. Double filtration plasmapheresis (DFPP) : DFPP is a method which selectively separates macromolecular pathogenic plasma fraction by a differential filtration using a plasma separator and a plasma fractionator.
1.3. Immunoadsorption : Immune substances in plasma such as antigen, antibody or immune complexes are adsorbed either with biological adsorbing materials or synthetic materials.
2. Cell treatment
2.1. Lymphocyte removal : Malfunctioning lymphocytes are removed either from peripheral venous blood or thoracic duct lympha. Special filters which adsorb leucocytes, but not erythrocytes, are pressently avaiable.
2.2. Lymphocyte activated with interleukine II and returned to patients as a treatment of cancer.View full abstractDownload PDF (4012K) -
Tadashi NOMURA, Kenzo KURIHARA1988 Volume 13 Issue 3 Pages 144-151
Published: May 01, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: August 16, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn biological systems, most typical chemical sensors are olfactory and taste organs. The present article deals with molecular mechanisms of transduction in these organs and artificial chemical sensor based on the mechanisms in the organs.
The responses to odorants are seen not only in olfactory systems but also in non-olfactory systems such as neuroblastoma cells which must have no specific receptor proteins for odorants. The lipid bilayers also exhibit the membrane potential changes in response to various odorants similarly to olfactory cells. Changes in lipid composition of the membranes lead to changes in specificity of the membranes to odorants. Odor discrimination can be explained by postulating that the membrane composition of each olfactory cell is different from cell to cell.
Sweet substances and amino acids are recognized by specific receptor proteins in taste receptor membranes, while specific proteins unique to taste cells are not concerned with reception of salts, acids and bitter substances. The membrane potential of lipid bilayers is changed inresponse to various bitter substances similarly to taste cells. The membrane potential changes are induced by the phase boundary potential changes.View full abstractDownload PDF (1196K) -
Toshio SHINBO1988 Volume 13 Issue 3 Pages 153-164
Published: May 01, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 04, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOur studies on the liquid membranes exhibiting active and selective transport are reviewed.
Firstly, the bulk liquid membrane where active transport of anion occurrs with coupling to a transmembrane redox reaction is described. The characteristics and mechanism of the transport are discussed.
Secondly, the liquid membrane for active transport of monosaccharides is described. It is shown that monosaccharides, one of electroneutral compounds, can be transported against their concentration gradients by use of phenylboronic acid as a carrier. The application of this membrane system to nucleoside transport is also presented.
Thirdly, the enantioselective transport of amino acids through the supported liquid membrane containing chiral crown ether is described. The transport behavior of amino acids is discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (1513K) -
1988 Volume 13 Issue 3 Pages 164
Published: 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 04, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (179K) -
Haruhiko OHYA, Susumu SATO, Youichi NEGISHI, Kanji MATSUMOTO1988 Volume 13 Issue 3 Pages 165-170
Published: May 01, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 04, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe asymmetic polyethersulfone (PES) membranes for gas separation were made by ordinary phase inversion method from casting solutions of PES (Supplied from Sumitomo Chemical, 200P) in dimethyle formamide (DMF). The membranes were vacuum dried at 0°C after being soaked in a mixture of 50 vol% ethylalcohol and 50 vol% isopropylalcohol. The dried membranes were characterized by permeabilities of pure gas (He, N2, CH4, CO2) and mixed gas (CO2 : CH4=1 : 1), and separation factor of mixed gas. Permeability decreases with the increase of casting temperature, evaporation time and PES concentration. Separation factor of gaseous mixture of CO2 and CH4 increases with the increase of PES concentration, with the increase of casting temperature, passing through maximum at 90°C, and with the increase of evaporation time, passing through maximum at 5 min.
Membrane surface treatment by DMF using spin coater at 4000 r.p.m. did not increase separation factor and decrease permeability by 1/20-1/6000. Membrane surface treament by silicone using spin coater at 4000 r.p.m. decreased permeability by 1/3-1/200, but increased separation factor from 1.0 to 3-6, and in one case from 4 to 12.View full abstractDownload PDF (1086K) -
Yong Taek LEE, Kazutoshi IWAMOTO, Manabu SENO1988 Volume 13 Issue 3 Pages 171-176
Published: May 01, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 04, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPorous glass membranes were modified with silane coupling agents and were used for the pervaporation separation of water-alcohol mixtures. The concentration of alcohols in the permeate increases with a decrease in the feed concentration. Especially, the selectivity for the alcohols is high when the glass membrane is modified with fluoroalkyl silane coupling reagents. In this system, the separation of water-alcohol mixtures was found to be performed through selective solution of alcohol into the organic layer formed on the surface and pore wall of the porous glass. The preferential permeation behaviors were analysed on the basis of the Flory-Huggins equation on swelling of polymer gel with a single-liquid approximation. The relation between separation factor and solubility parameter was also discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (663K) -
Kanji MATSUMOTO, Hiroshi TERANISHI, Hiroshi YAMAMOTO, Haruhiko OHYA1988 Volume 13 Issue 3 Pages 177-183
Published: May 01, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 04, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe absorption of CO2 and O2 gas into the chlorella suspension and the stripping of O2 gas generated by photosynthesis of chlorella through the hydrophobic microporous hollow fiber membrane of polypropylene took place. The chlorella suspension flowed inside the hollow fibers and the gas mixture of CO2 and air flowed outside them. The following results were obtained :
(1) Overall mass transfer coefficient of CO2 and O2 gas for absorption did not depend on the flow rate of gas mixture, the total pressure of gas mixture, the CO2 concentration of gas mixture and the chlorella concentration, but only on the flow rate of suspension,
(2) Overall mass transfer coefficient was correlated by the dimensionless equation given below,
Sh=A (Pe) 1/3
The value of A in equation was smaller than that obtained in the previous papers using the similar type of membrane module. This difference in A was explained by the apparant decrease in interfacial area of membrane per unit volume of suspension due to the dence packing of hollow fibers per unit cross-sectional area of shell in our module as compared with the others, and
(3) The supply of CO2 gas and the stripping of O2 gas generated by photosynthesis could be taken place at the same time through the one membrane module.View full abstractDownload PDF (941K)
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