All issues
Predecessor
Volume 31, Issue 5
Displaying 1-7 of 7 articles from this issue
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
Kensuke KAMEDA, Makoto IMAI, Masanori SENJO1985 Volume 31 Issue 5 Pages 481-490
Published: 1985
Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe erythrocytes from the vitamin E-deficient rats showed no changes in comparison with the erythrocytes from the vitamin E-supplemented rats in lipid peroxides, membrane fluidity, lipid composition, and activities of defensive enzymes against the lipid peroxide formation. Once erythrocytes from vitamin E-deficient rats were exposed to H2O2, the erythrocyte membrane fluidity was significantly reduced, which was presumed to be accompanied by an increase in the hemolysis and lipid peroxide formation. Large decreases in arachidonic acid and phospholipid were also observed. These findings suggest that the reduced membrane fluidity is due to the loss of phospholipid from the erythrocytes, and raises the possibility that the reduced fluidity might contribute to the peroxidative hemolysis of the vitamin E-deficient rat erythrocytes.View full abstractDownload PDF (985K) -
Wen-Liang CHEN, Reiji MORISHITA, Tadashi EGUCHI, Toshihide KAWAI, Haru ...1985 Volume 31 Issue 5 Pages 491-498
Published: 1985
Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSera from 39 patients with pernicious anemia and 251 patients with various other diseases and 42 healthy normal subjects were tested for intrinsic factor blocking antibody by a Corning commercial kit. Twenty-five (64%) out of 39 pernicious anemia patients showed a positive reaction to the intrinsic factor blocking antibody. The positive incidence of intrinsic factor blocking antibody by this method agreed well with the results obtained in this laboratory over the past 10 years using the charcoal method. No sera from normal subjects tested were positive for the intrinsic factor blocking antibody. All 226 sera with vitamin B12 levels less than 3, 500pg/ml which came from patients without pernicious anemia, were negative for the intrinsic factor blocking antibody. In 15 sera with B12 levels greater than 3, 500pg/ml from patients who received recent B12 medications, 11 sera showed false positive results. On the other hand, no false positive results were obtained by this method in 10 sera with endogenous serum B12 levels greater than 3, 500pg/ml collected from patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia. It is reasonable to presume that this assay is clinically useful for detection of intrinsic factor blocking antibody in the diagnosis of pernicious anemia, if false positive results due to B12 medication are excluded.View full abstractDownload PDF (692K) -
Junji TERAO, Keiji SUGINO, Setsuro MATSUSHITA1985 Volume 31 Issue 5 Pages 499-508
Published: 1985
Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFee2+ and L-ascorbic acid induced oxidation of cholesterol was investigated in liposomes of egg yolk phosphatidylcholine (PC). Cholesterol 5, 6-epoxide, 7-hydroxycholesterol, 7-oxocholesterol, and cholestane-3, 5, 6-triol were detected as the oxidation products by gas chromatography, indicating that epoxidation and hydroperoxidation took place independently in cholesterol. Oxidation of cholesterol was accom-panied with oxidative loss of unsaturated fatty acid moiety of PC. When egg yolk PC was replaced by dimyristoyl-PC, little oxidation was observed in the cholesterol fraction. These results indicate that cholesterol oxidation depends on peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids in liposomal phospholipids. α-Tocopherol incorporated into liposomes at a level of 1.0 mol% to egg yolk completely suppressed not only the loss of unsaturated fatty acid moiety, but also oxidation of cholesterol. α-Toco-pherol may inhibit cholesterol oxidation by suppressing phospholipid peroxidation. tert-Butyl hydroxytoluene, a synthetic antioxidant, was less effective against the oxidation of both PC and cholesterol.View full abstractDownload PDF (996K) -
Takashi KONDO, Mitsuko OKADA1985 Volume 31 Issue 5 Pages 509-517
Published: 1985
Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effects of pyridoxine and hydrocortisone administrations on the rate of synthesis of cytosolic aspartate aminotransferase in adrenalectomized pyridoxine-deficient rat livers were examined. Induction of cytosolic aspartate aminotransferase by hydrocortisone was observed 6 to 10h after the injection. Treatment with pyridoxine daily for 6 days but not for the 2 days, resulted in suppression of the enzyme synthesis. Similar suppression of enzyme synthesis was observed in rats without hydrocortisone treatment. The activity of tryptophan oxygenase, which is known to be induced by glucocorticoid and does not contain pyridoxal phosphates, was higher in the livers of pyridoxine-deficient rats than in that of controls. The possible effects of pyridoxal phosphate on the action of glucocorticoid are discussed based on the results.View full abstractDownload PDF (818K) -
Hidehiko YOKOGOSHI1985 Volume 31 Issue 5 Pages 519-531
Published: 1985
Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWhen rats were fed a high tyrosine diet (5% in diet), plasma tyrosine, brain tyrosine, norepinephrine (NE), and 3-methoxy-4-hy-droxyphenylethyleneglycol-sulfate (MHPG-SO4) were increased. The concentrations of brain tyrosine were directly correlated with those of plasma tyrosine and tyrosine ratios (tyrosine/large neutral amino acid (LNAA)) in plasma and brain. When rats were fed a high tyrosine diet with increasing amounts of the dietary protein, the contents of brain tyrosine and MHPG-SO4 decreased stepwise. By the supplementation of both methionine and threonine to the high tyrosine diet, the enhancement of brain tyrosine and MHPG-SO4 caused by tyrosine was significantly reduced. These results suggest that effects of tyrosine toxicity such as growth retardation or external pathological lesions may be due to the accelerated NE-turnover in the brain accompanied by the enhancement of brain tyrosine concentration. The supplemented methionine and threonine may cause an increase of tyrosinee utilization, because methionine and threonine are the most limiting amino acids in casein, and also may inhibit the uptake of tyrosine into the brain via the blood-brain barrier.View full abstractDownload PDF (1272K) -
Hirofumi SHIGETA, Toshihide YOSHIDA, Masahiko NAKAI, Hiroshi MORI, Yas ...1985 Volume 31 Issue 5 Pages 533-540
Published: 1985
Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effects of aspartame (L-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine methyl ester) on plasma glucose and insulin levels were investigated in diabetic rats and patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. The oral administration of 0.45mg aspartame per 100g body weight, which is equivalent to 150mg of glucose in sweetness, to streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats had no effect on the plasma glucose or insulin levels. Also, 225mg oral aspartame loading, which is equivalent to 75g of glucose in sweetness, to patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus did not increase plasma glucose or insulin levels, although 75g of oral glucose loading increased plasma glucose and insulin levels in diabetic patients as expected. Aspartame ingestion for three days at a dose of 24-48mg per day and the intake of snacks flavored with 240mg of aspartame also did not increase fasting plasma glucose levels. These results suggest that acute administration of aspartame has no influence on plasma glucose or insulin levels in diabetic rats and patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.View full abstractDownload PDF (650K) -
Shinichiro KATAMINE, Shoichi TANAAMI, Yoneji MAMIYA, Kunitoshi SEKIMOT ...1985 Volume 31 Issue 5 Pages 541-551
Published: 1985
Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effects of the feeding of high-iodine eggs to rats with an abnormal thyroid status were investigated. Rats were fed for one week on a commercial diet supplemented with propylthiouracil (PTU) (10mg/100g diet) or thyroxine-Na (240μg/100g diet) respectively, to induce hypo- or hyperthyroidism, and then further fed for 4 weeks on the respective drug-supplemented diets, containing 1% (w/w) of either ordinary or high-iodine egg powder. Control (euthyroid) rats were maintained on the commercial diet. The induction of a hypothyroid state resulted in thyroid hyperplasia, with decreased thyroid iodine content, altered serum thyroid relating hormone levels (increased TSH and decreased T3 and T4), elevated serum total cholesterol and reduced serum triacylglycerol (TG) levels, and also increased muscle and adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activities. In contrast, in the hyperthyroid animals, thyroid atrophy, as well as decreased serum TSH and increased T3 and T4 levels, was associated with reduced serum total cholesterol level and muscle LPL activity. There were no essential differences between animals given high-iodine and ordinary eggs in either hypo- or hyperthyroid state, although the effects of PTU treatment on the thyroid and serum TG level appeared to be slightly lesser in rats given high-iodine eggs than in those given ordinary eggs. It is concluded that high-iodine eggs did not have any side-effect on either hypo- or hyperthyroid rat in this study.View full abstractDownload PDF (1019K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|