In today’s society, where not only specialized expertise but also the ability to demonstrate convergent knowledge is increasingly required, it is imperative to reconsider the role of undergraduate education. A clear division still exists between liberal arts courses and specialized education. In engineering education in particular, the cumulative structure of the curriculum and the predominance of compulsory courses place strong emphasis on foundational specialization, often relegating liberal arts to the periphery of undergraduate learning. As a result, current programs cannot be regarded as sufficient for cultivating integrated or convergent knowledge. This paper first reexamines the contemporary significance of liberal arts and reviews the capabilities that engineering education should nurture. It highlights two common challenges : the development of generic (transferable) skills that enable the cycle of
jihatsu-jitoku and
jitoku-jihatsu (self-motivated learning and self-acquired realization), and the cultivation of competencies for mutual understanding with others. Finally, it argues that undergraduate education should be restructured to harmoniously integrate liberal arts with foundational engineering education under the concept of the cycle of
jihatsu-jitoku/jitoku-jihatsu, thereby creating a framework that aims at the true cultivation of convergent knowledge.
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