This study aimed to reveal how the recent COVID-19 pandemic affected the mental health of children with disabilities receiving child developmental support and after-school day services. A survey questionnaire was sent to 1,003 facility managers, and 276 (27.5%) responded. After excluding invalid responses, 239 valid responses were received (valid response rate: 86.6%). A total of 62 (25.9%) offices responded that the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic caused instability or worsening of children’s mental health. The data were analyzed to compare the differences between facilities where children’s mental health was unstable and those where it was not. The findings of this study highlighted the relationship between the mental well-being of children with disabilities receiving support and services at the facilities during the COVID-19 pandemic. The mental stress caused by anxiety and environmental changes related to the pandemic may have adversely affected the children who used those services. The study’s results offer guidance on how child developmental support and after-school day services can implement infection control in the future.

Health literacy is among the contributing factors in promoting oral and dental health. Parents can influence their children’s health awareness and improve their health-related behaviors. This study investigated the relationship between parents’ oral and dental health literacy and the oral and dental health of the children visiting Kerman’s referral hospitals. This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study randomly selected 506 parents who brought their children to Kerman referral hospitals in 2023. Data were gathered via a demographic questionnaire and the Parental Oral Health Literacy Measure (POHELM) questionnaire. The results were assessed via the chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test, independent t-test, Fisher’s correlation, Tukey’s post hoc test, and ANOVA using SPSS ver. 26. The total score of the participants’ health literacy was 63.04 ± 14.71. There was an inverse and significant correlation between the total score of the parent’s health literacy and their age. There was also a significant relation between this score and the parent’s level of education, the parent’s perception of the child’s dental and oral health level, the number of visits to the dentist, tooth brushing, flossing, and mouthwash use (P < 0.001). The total health literacy score was significantly higher in the mothers than in the fathers. It is recommended that health policymakers pay more attention to the factors contributing to parents’ oral health literacy. Moreover, suitable accommodations should be provided to improve parents’ oral health literacy so as to improve their children’s dental and oral health status.

Perceived supervisor support (PSS) is an important factor in employees’ health and well-being, and organizational outcomes. This study aimed to develop a Japanese version of the Survey of Perceived Supervisor Support (SPSS-J) and to evaluate its validity and reliability for assessing PSS in Japanese workers. The SPSS-J, including its subscales, SPSS-J (Sufficiency of Positive Aspects [SPA]) and SPSS-J (Minimality of Negative Aspects [MNA]), was developed based on the Japanese version of the Survey of Perceived Organizational Support (SPOS-J). An online survey was conducted with 1,946 participants, followed after two weeks by a test-retest survey with 589 participants. Structural validity was assessed using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and convergent validity was evaluated through Pearson’s correlations. Internal consistency and test-retest reliability were determined using Cronbach’s α coefficients and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). CFA confirmed that the two-factor model provided a generally good fit, supporting structural validity. Both SPSS-J (SPA) and SPSS-J (MNA) demonstrated expected correlations with SPOS-J and its subscales, as well as possible antecedents (e.g., job autonomy and strengths-based performance appraisal) and outcomes (e.g., work engagement, organizational affective commitment, and turnover intention). The SPSS-J (SPA) consistently showed stronger correlations than the SPSS-J (MNA). Its internal consistency was high, with Cronbach’s α coefficients of .92 for SPSS-J (SPA) and .87 for SPSS-J (MNA). The test-retest reliability was also high, with ICCs of 0.77 and 0.74, respectively. Our study indicates that the SPSS-J is a reliable and valid tool for assessing PSS. The SPSS-J (SPA) may offer a practical alternative as a shortened version, reducing respondent burden.

Corneal refractive surgery (CRS) is gaining recognition these days as a choice to correct refractive errors permanently, and the aviation community is no exception. Although studies have revealed that the number of pilots who have undergone CRS is relatively small, it is still deemed important to have knowledge about the intermediate and long-term visual outcomes after CRS, as vision is very important for pilots to ensure flight safety during their duty. This literature review elaborates the effect of CRS on contrast sensitivity, refractive regression, and dry eye, as these components are related to the quality of vision. We conducted a literature review by searching on Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct with relevant keywords. We found that each variety of CRS has its own effects regarding contrast sensitivity, refractive regression, and dry eye, both for immediate and long-term effects following the surgery. Factors in the work environment of pilots, such as hypobaric hypoxia, low humidity, and ergonomic factors also have an influence on those visual outcomes. To conclude, we suggest several clinical practices for aviation medicine specialists for management of pilots with a history of CRS or a plan to have the surgery.

Synovial chondromatosis (SC) is a locally aggressive neoplasm consisting of multiple hyaline cartilaginous nodules. This neoplasm typically manifests as multiple intra-articular calcified or uncalcified nodules, whereas the extraarticular form is particularly rare. We herein present a case of solitary extraarticular SC arising in the hand and correlate the imaging findings with pathologic findings. A male patient in his 60s presented with a progressively enlarging mass in his left hand over a period of three years. Radiograph showed a lobulated calcified mass adjacent to the first metacarpal bone. Computed tomography (CT) revealed ring and arc calcification, indicating cartilaginous lesion. No continuity with bone was observed. In magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the signal of the mass was heterogeneous low to high intensity on both T1- and T2-weighted images. High intensity reflecting fat on T1-weighted image and marked high intensity reflecting cartilage on fat-suppressed T2-weighted image were shown in the mass. After gadolinium administration, the enhancement of the mass was faint. An en bloc excision of the mass was performed, and the tumor was histologically diagnosed as extraarticular SC. Microscopically, the tumor consisted of fibrous tissue, mature fat tissue, and lobules of cartilage. Extraarticular SC should be taken into consideration when cases of lobulated soft tissue mass with ring and arc calcification and a fat component (T1 hyperintense) in the hand are encountered.