Through bioassay and biological investigations on the alarm pheromone of five species of acarid mites, Aleuroglyphus ovatus, Carpoglyphus lactis, Lardoglyphus konoi and Dermatophagoides farinae, following results were obtained. Citral and neryl formate were more or less active as an alarm pheromone and not strictly species-specific within five species. Along with T. putrescentiae, two more acarid mites, C. lactis and L. konoi, were concluded to possess the alarm pheromone and citral was identified as their pheromone. Citral was emitted to the environment and the quantity of this discharge was 10 to 50 times larger when mites were disturbed than when undisturbed. Furthermore the composition of citral differed significantly between the disturbed (74-86% of neral) and undisturbed conditions (54-66% of neral), that is, the percentage of neral increased when disturbed. The original composition of extracted citral under 1-min soaking consisted of more than 90% of neral in the three species except L. konoi (75% of neral). Therefore the initial composition of citral when discharged from glands is supposed to consist of more than 90% of neral in three species, L. konoi, A. ovatus and D. farinae. Secretory gland of citral was identified as the latero-abdominal gland or the oil gland in all species of mites.

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To know the mosquito fauna and biology in the forest areas of Iriomotejima, Southern Ryukyu Island, Japan, from 1977 to 1978,adult mosquitoes in these area were collected by light traps, human-baited net traps and daytime humanbaited catches, and the larvae were also collected at their breeding sites by a dipper and pipet. The results are summarized as follows : 1. In total, 53 mosquito species of 13 genera were found. Among the species collected, Ficalbia sp., Culex sitiens Wiedemann, Aedes lineatopennis (Ludlow) and Aedes nobukonis Yamada have no previous record in this Island. 2. The total number of nights for light trap operation was 29 in February, July and October, 1977 and 1978,and 2,650 females of 30 species were collected. The predominant species were Culex tritaeniorhynchus Giles and Anopheles sinensis Wiedimann including Anopheles lesteri Baisas and Hu, making up 63% of the total catch. A well-known malaria vector, Anopheles minimus Theoblad, was not so common though its 22 females (1%) were collected by the traps in Komiarea. 3. A total of 728 females and 37 males of 24 species was trapped by the human-baited net traps operated for 5 hours of 8 nights at Komi and Funaura areas. Culex tritaeniorhynchus Giles (24%), Aedes iriomotensis Tanaka and Mizusawa (20%), Anopheles sinensis Wiedemann (15%), Mansonia uniformis (Theobald) (13%) and Culex pseudovishnui Colles (10%) were predominant species. 4. A total of 330 females of 16 species were collected 15 times by daytime human-baited catches in different forest areas. The predominant species were Aedes iriomotensis Tanaka and Mizusawa (30%), Aedes riversi Bohart and Ingram (19%) and Armigeres subalbatus (Coquillett) (14%). A small number of Anopheles saperoi Bohart and Ingram (=Anopheles ohamai) came to bite. 5. Larvae were collected at about 2,000 breeding sites and 50 species of mosquitoes in total were found in these larvae. Anopheles minimus Theobald was not common but Anopheles saperoi Bohart and Ingram was commonly found along streams in the forest of Komi.

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The morphology of larva, pupa, and adults of Polypedilum (s. s.) nubifer is given, including several scanning electron micrographs. One new synonym is listed, Chironomus (Polypedilum) albiceps Johannsen. Distribution and ecology are briefly discussed.

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The undescribed male insect of Periplaneta suzukii is described, and six Taiwanese representatives of wild Periplaneta are described and illustrated. Records of each one species from Hong Kong and Thailand are also added. Mention is made with regard to the difference between treated Periplaneta species and an African genus Cartoblatta Shelford.

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