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Volume 53, Issue 3
Displaying 1-17 of 17 articles from this issue
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Article type: Cover
2002 Volume 53 Issue 3 Pages Cover9-
Published: September 15, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: August 07, 2016
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSDownload PDF (49K) -
Article type: Cover
2002 Volume 53 Issue 3 Pages Cover10-
Published: September 15, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: August 07, 2016
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSDownload PDF (49K) -
Article type: Appendix
2002 Volume 53 Issue 3 Pages App5-
Published: September 15, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: August 07, 2016
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSDownload PDF (46K) -
Keikichi UCHIDA, Atsuko MORIBAYASHIArticle type: Article
2002 Volume 53 Issue 3 Pages 153-161
Published: September 15, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: August 07, 2016
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSPhysiological and unphysiological doses of 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) were injected into the hemocoel of adult female Culex pipiens pallens mosquitoes to determine if the hormone has the same effects on ovarian follicles as shown with Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Separation of the secondary follicles required a single injection of 100 ng of the hormone, or double injections of 3 ng and 5 ng of the hormone 16-24 h apart, the latter two quantities nearly 100-times the ecdysteroid peak titers observed in this mosquito 6 h (32 pg) and 60 h (53 pg) after a blood meal, and also more than ten-times that needed for secondary follicle separation in Ae. aegypti. On the other hand, unphysiologically large doses of the hormone (2.5-10μg) initiated ovarian development in Cx. p. pallens as well as Ae. aegypti, but the growth did not exceed the IIa-IIb stages and all the once-activated follicles degenerated. However, the degenerating profile was apparently different from that normally occurring after a blood meal, since one or two micropyle apparatuses, which are the floating structure of mature eggs, were formed within the degenerating follicles of the hormone-treated females. Thus, while the main roles of 20E should be common among Anopheles, Aedes and Culex mosquitoes, Cx. p. pallens showed some minor specific differences in response to this hormone.View full abstractDownload PDF (4597K) -
Fumiko TAKEDA, Takako TOMA, Naomi KINJO, Ichiro MIYAGI, Yoshiya SATOArticle type: Article
2002 Volume 53 Issue 3 Pages 163-168
Published: September 15, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: August 07, 2016
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSThe study was carried out in central mainland Okinawa to determine the mite densities and fauna in four hospitals. One hundred and twenty-seven dust samples were collected from the floor and bedding in the hospitals in May, August and November 1996, and February 1997. The average number of mites was 30.9/m^2 for the floor and 180.0/m^2 for bedding. There was significant difference in the mite number between the floor and bedding. The genus Dermatophagoides predominated at the rate of 89.6%. In 29 out of 127 samples, Dermatophagoides farinae was more abundant than D. pteronyssinus. Blomia tropicalis was found in low frequency and in small numbers in the hospitals. Five Sarcoptes scabiei were found from a mattress and blanket in a patients room. This species was also found from a mattress and futon in the rest room for hospital staff.View full abstractDownload PDF (2587K) -
Shinichi NODA, Susumu YAMAMOTO, Kiyotaka YOSHIIE, Hiroshi ODA, Hiroshi ...Article type: Article
2002 Volume 53 Issue 3 Pages 169-175
Published: September 15, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: August 07, 2016
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSThe occurrence of larval trombiculid mites in different vegetation types was surveyed in Kagoshima and Nagasaki Prefectures. In Kagoshima Prefecture, 10 species were collected at three sites. Leptotrombidium scutellare was dominant, followed by L. pallidum and L. fuji. L. scutellare and L. pallidum were collected in three vegetation types. The biggest numbers of both species were recorded at the natural woods of two sites and at the grassland of one site. In Nagasaki Prefecture, four species were collected at three sites, and L. scutellare was also dominant. L. scutellare was collected in two vegetation types. The greater number of L. scutellare was recorded at the grassland of two sites and at the natural woods of one site. The distribution of L. scutellare larvae was also surveyed along roads passing through hilly and mountainous areas of both prefectures. In Kagoshima Prefecture, the collection of larval trombiculid mites with a black cloth (Suzuki's method) was carried out at 52 sites along five routes, and L. scutellare was found in 41 sites (78.8%). In Nagasaki Prefecture, the collection of larval trombiculid mites was carried out at 43 sites along five routes, and L. scutellare was found in 4 sites (9.3%). The wide occurrence and high density of vector mites seems to relate to the number of patients in Kagoshima Prefecture.View full abstractDownload PDF (2688K) -
Jichun WANG, Makoto HIRAI, Shigeto YOSHIDA, Meiji ARAI, Akira ISHII, H ...Article type: Article
2002 Volume 53 Issue 3 Pages 177-182
Published: September 15, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: August 07, 2016
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSGametocytes of malaria parasite undergo gamete formation in the mosquito midgut within minutes after ingestion of an infected blood meal. Male gametogenesis (exflagellation) of Plasmodium berghei, a rodent malaria parasite, can be induced in vitro by the combination of a reduction in temperature (from 37-39℃ in the rodent host to 21℃) and a simultaneous pH rise (from 7.3 in mouse blood to 8.0). We reported previously that the salivary gland (SG) of Anopheles stephensi (Liston) highly contained a gametocyte activating factor (GAF), which induced exfiagellation in P. berghei at the non-permissive pH. In the present study we compared exflagellation inducing activity (EIA) in the SGs of five mosquito species, Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus), Ae. albopictus (Skuse), An. omorii (Sakakibara), An. stephensi and Culex pipiens pallens (Coquillett). As a result, all the mosquito species examined contained GAF in the SGs. An. omorii and An. stephensi consumed more GAF than Ae. aegypti, Ae. albopictus and Cx. p. pallens during blood feeding, suggesting that more GAF might be introduced into the midgut of Anopheles mosquitoes. This would be one reason why only Anopheles mosquitoes can transmit mammalian malaria.View full abstractDownload PDF (2646K) -
Makoto MATSUURA, Kenji KOIKEArticle type: Article
2002 Volume 53 Issue 3 Pages 183-186
Published: September 15, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: August 07, 2016
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSThree nests of the giant hornet, Vespa mandarinia, have been recorded for the first time in man-made structures in urban areas after 1998. One was in the wall cavity of a wooden house, one was under the floor and one was in the roof space. The nest structure was peculiar in that the top comb was strengthened with a highly developed roof envelope which had many ribbon-like pillars. The biggest nest contained 4,677 cells including 670 queen cells in 4 combs with 540 workers and the foundress queen.View full abstractDownload PDF (2113K) -
Kazuyoshi FUJIMOTOArticle type: Article
2002 Volume 53 Issue 3 Pages 187-189
Published: September 15, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: August 07, 2016
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSIn order to clarify whether or not Ixodes persulcatus Schulze nymphs reared in a long-day photoperiod before and after molting enter behavioural diapause by exposure to short-day photoperiods, their feeding activity was observed using mice at 24℃ under four photoperiodic conditions (16L-8D, 12L-12D, 11L-13D, and 10L-14D). The percentage of engorged nymphs reared at 24℃ under a 16L-8D photoperiod before and after molting was very high (74%) when they were kept under the same conditions 7-8 months after molting. However, the engorgement percentage of the nymphs became lower as the exposed day-length shortened. These results suggest that the nymphs reared in a long-day photoperiod before and after molting enter behavioural diapause by exposure to short-day photoperiods. Judging from the percentage of engorgement, however, the proportion of occurrence in the behavioural diapause appears to be low. The low occurrence of behavioural diapause may be due to the age of the nymphs.View full abstractDownload PDF (1076K) -
Kazuyoshi FUJIMOTOArticle type: Article
2002 Volume 53 Issue 3 Pages 191-193
Published: September 15, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: August 07, 2016
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSThe effect of the photoperiod on the termination of the behavioral diapause of Ixodes nipponensis Kitaoka et Saito adults reared in a long-day photoperiod (16L-8D) from egg to adult ecdysis was examined in plastic cylinders which were placed outdoors. The vertical activity in a plastic cylinder of I. nipponensis adults which were kept in a long-day photoperiod (long-day group) after they had molted (July 2000) was not found from November 2000 to mid-March 2001. However, the activity of I. nipponensis adults kept in a medium-day photoperiod (12L-12D) for about two months after molting (medium-day group) commenced in November 2000. These results suggest that the behavioral diapause of I. nipponensis adults is terminated by exposure to a medium-day photoperiod. Thus, the medium days of autumn appear to be important to the termination of the behavioral diapause of I. nipponensis adults.View full abstractDownload PDF (1163K) -
Kazuyoshi FUJIMOTOArticle type: Article
2002 Volume 53 Issue 3 Pages 195-197
Published: September 15, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: August 07, 2016
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSIn order to clarify whether or not engorged Haemaphysalis flava females exhibit morphogenetic diapause, their feeding and oviposition were observed at 24℃ under three photoperiodic conditions (10L-14D, 12L-12D, and 16L-8D). The feeding period was hardly affected by the different photoperiods. However, the oviposition was retarded by exposure to the 10L-14D photoperiod and partly by the 12L-12D photoperiod. These results suggest that engorged H. flava females enter morphogenetic diapause under medium-day and short-day photoperiods. Thus, most of the H. flava females that are active in the short days of autumn appear to enter morphogenetic diapause and eventually hibernate in the engorged state.View full abstractDownload PDF (974K) -
Tsutomu TANIKAWA, Masahiro ODAKI, Hikari TANABE, Akihiko UCHIDAArticle type: Article
2002 Volume 53 Issue 3 Pages 199-202
Published: September 15, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: August 07, 2016
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSThe reason for the recent increase of roof rat infestation in residential areas in the center of Tokyo was proved from the distribution of rats and their warfarin-resistance. Three 32 ha residential areas, site I (0-400 m), site II (800-1,200 m), site III (1,600-2,000 m) far from a commercial area, respectively, were selected for the study. Five and six roof rats were trapped indoors or outdoors in sites I and II, respectively, but no rat except a brown rat in site III. Warfarin-resistant roof rats were found from sites I and II as well as from the commercial area, These facts show that roof rats have dispersed from the commercial area to residential areas.View full abstractDownload PDF (1298K) -
[in Japanese]Article type: Article
2002 Volume 53 Issue 3 Pages 203-
Published: September 15, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: August 07, 2016
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Article type: Appendix
2002 Volume 53 Issue 3 Pages 204-206
Published: September 15, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: August 07, 2016
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSDownload PDF (174K) -
Article type: Appendix
2002 Volume 53 Issue 3 Pages App6-
Published: September 15, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: August 07, 2016
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSDownload PDF (612K) -
Article type: Cover
2002 Volume 53 Issue 3 Pages Cover11-
Published: September 15, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: August 07, 2016
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSDownload PDF (46K) -
Article type: Cover
2002 Volume 53 Issue 3 Pages Cover12-
Published: September 15, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: August 07, 2016
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSDownload PDF (46K)
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