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Volume 44 (1993)
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Volume 44, Issue 4
Displaying 1-19 of 19 articles from this issue
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Article type: Cover
1993 Volume 44 Issue 4 Pages Cover14-
Published: December 15, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: August 23, 2016
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (98K) -
Tsutomu TANIKAWA, Takeshi SUZUKIArticle type: Article
1993 Volume 44 Issue 4 Pages 293-298
Published: December 15, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: August 23, 2016
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSUsing six populations of roof rats, Rattus rattus, captured in various parts of Japan, the lethal feeding period (LFP) of warfarin was studied by feeding 0.025% bait. On recognizing Amami, Ogasawara and Ikebukuro-B populations as susceptible, the standard susceptible LFP-line was established by combining the data of the three populations. The Tako population with the resistance ratio 1.5 was suspected to include some resistant gene. The Shinjuku population, which was confirmed as a mixed population of RR, RS and SS in the previous study (Tanikawa, 1992), was reconfirmed as highly resistant, because of its high resistance ratio (28.5) and also based on other aspects. The Ikebukuro-A population was concluded to be intermediately resistant. As the death of rats due to bait-feeding occurred usually within 5 days of the last feeding, the observation period after bait-feeding could be only 10 days at the longest. Proposed here is a tentative plan for susceptibility surveillance of field-captured roof rats, using the LFP-line established herewith. That is : 1) to feed the rats with 0.025% warfarin bait for 12 days in separate cages, 2) to feed them with unpoisoned bait for 10 days afterward, in case mortality on the 12th day is not less than 50%, and categorize them as a pure susceptible population with only SS gene, if mortality at the end of the test is more than 80%, 3) to feed them with warfarin bait till the 28th day, in case mortality on the 12th day is less than 50%, and categorize the survived individuals, if any, as those with RR gene, 4) to classify them as a population with a resistant gene to some extent, if the mortality is between the above two categories.View full abstractDownload PDF (698K) -
Kimio HIRABAYASHI, Ryoji NAKAZATO, Akio OHARA, Tokio OKINOArticle type: Article
1993 Volume 44 Issue 4 Pages 299-306
Published: December 15, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: August 23, 2016
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to control the adult midges, Tokunagayusurika akamusi, the present study was made on the efficient capture of adult midges using ten electric collecting-killing insect traps with BL (black light)-lamps in the field. The traps captured 13,006±11,834 (mean±S.D.) ind./day on average. The number of midges per trap tended to decrease with the number of lit traps but increased with the number of lit BL-lamps. When the traps with four BL-lamps were placed at 20-30m intervals, the most economical and effective capture was obtained. However, huge numbers of adult midges were attracted, stuck to and completely covered the electric grid of the trap, thereby causing the capture efficiency to deteriorate.View full abstractDownload PDF (723K) -
Hideo INOUE, Kenichi HAGIWARA, Terumi NAKAJIMAArticle type: Article
1993 Volume 44 Issue 4 Pages 307-313
Published: December 15, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: August 23, 2016
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSComparative study on venomous components extracted from the venom sacs of Japanese hornets, V. dybowskii, V. simillima and V. crabro, was achieved by the pattern analysis of SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and high performance liquid chromatography. Proteinous components in the venom sac of V. dybowskii were electrophoretically different in the range of 2.5 to 205 kDa from those of V. simillima and V. crabro. In contrast, profiles of proteinous components in the venom sacs of both V. simillima and V. crabro showed a high homology. Biogenic amines such as histamine, serotonin, putrescine, and spermidine were observed as common components in three kinds of Vespa venoms. On the other hand, large amounts of putrescine and serotonin were contained in V. dybowskii venom compared with those in the other venoms. Mastoparans and Ves-CPs, which are common active peptides found in Vespa venoms, were observed in the venoms of V. simillima or V. crabro but were not detected in V. dybowskii venom.View full abstractDownload PDF (737K) -
Article type: Appendix
1993 Volume 44 Issue 4 Pages 314-
Published: December 15, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: August 23, 2016
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Kenji MIYAMOTO, Minoru NAKAO, Hiromi FUJITA, Fumio SATOArticle type: Article
1993 Volume 44 Issue 4 Pages 315-326
Published: December 15, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: August 23, 2016
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFrom 19 species of birds captured at the various localities in Japan, 5 species of Ixodes ticks and 4 species of Haemaphysalis ticks were documented. All stages of the bird-feeding I. turdus were found to be infected with spirochetes. The field study in Nemuro, Hokkaido, demonstrated that the immature I. persulcatus feeding on 2 species of birds, Emberiza spodocephala and Turdus chrysolaus, were highly infected with spirochetes. Two spirochetal isolates derived from the bird-feeding larvae of I. persulcatus were found to be quite similar to the JEM1 isolate from a patient of Lyme disease on comparison of their constituent protein profiles. These data strongly suggest that the birds are reservoirs for the Lyme disease spirochetes.View full abstractDownload PDF (1466K) -
Takashi KITAZAWAArticle type: Article
1993 Volume 44 Issue 4 Pages 327-334
Published: December 15, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: August 23, 2016
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSInvestigations on fauna and the seasonal fluctuation of larval trombiculid mites were carried out at a young natural laurel forest and a planted pine forest, for over 3 and 2 years, respectively, in northern Kyushu. At the laurel forest, 15 species were collected from small mammals, and an additional 5 species were obtained from the soil. Many species occurred from mid-autumn to late spring or early summer. However, each species showed a different specific pattern of fluctuation. Leptotrombidium miyairii occurred throughout the year without any peak. Like L. miyairii, some whitish species appeared over long periods. On the other hand, some reddish species occurred for short periods. From these facts, it was conjectured that the larvae of species dwelling in the soil or burrows occur for longer periods than ground surface dwellers. At the pine forest, only 3 species were collected. L. pallidum, a vector species of tsutsugamushi disease, occurred from October to April, with one peak in winter.View full abstractDownload PDF (732K) -
Claude R. THOMAS, Robert A. BARLOW, William H. ROBINSONArticle type: Article
1993 Volume 44 Issue 4 Pages 335-339
Published: December 15, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: August 23, 2016
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA 1% (AI) chlorpyrifos termiticide foam was applied beneath concrete slabs through holes spaced 30 and 45cm apart, and 10,and 20cm from a wall. Application was made to slabs with no void between the underside of the concrete and the top of the gravel fill, and to slabs with a 4cm void between the concrete and gravel. Foam was applied at the rate of 15 liters/3 linear m with a straight-tip nozzle. After 24hr 5g samples of the top 2.5cm of soil were taken from four locations : directly beneath the application hole, at the wall in front of the application hole, equal distance between two application holes, and at the wall, equal distance between two application holes. A continuous band of insecticide-treated soil resulted from the foam application using the three hole spacings. There was no significant difference in the amount of chlorpyrifos in the soil at the four sampling locations for the three hole spacings, and for slabs with and without a void beneath the slab.View full abstractDownload PDF (472K) -
Tohru INAOKA, Mamoru WATANABE, Yoshiaki KOSUGE, Takuji KOHAMAArticle type: Article
1993 Volume 44 Issue 4 Pages 341-347
Published: December 15, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: August 23, 2016
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn Hokkaido, species composition and seasonal fluctuation of house-invading activity of stink bugs were studied during 1991 and 1992 seasons in an elementary school into which stink bugs have entered for hibernation in large numbers every year. Among 41,393 individuals belonging to 14 species collected, Menida scotti was predominant occupying more than 80% of the total collected specimens followed by Urochela quadrinotata and Lygaeus equestris. They are a serious nuisance in this elementary school. Their house-invading activities began in September and terminated in November. L. equestris was the earliest appearance species and most abundant in September. M. scotti was collected in and around the school building from late September to mid-November. The highest flight activity of this species was observed on several days in mid-October during which the weather was fine or cloudy and the maximum temperature of each day was approximately 15℃. Urochela quadrinotata was the latest appearance species with peak activity in late October. The slit trap used for collecting Halyomorpha mista, an important nuisance stink bug in Honshu, was not applicable for the species abundant here.View full abstractDownload PDF (828K) -
Hitoshi KAWADA, Yoshinori SHONO, Takaaki ITO, Yasuo ABEArticle type: Article
1993 Volume 44 Issue 4 Pages 349-353
Published: December 15, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: August 23, 2016
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSLarvicide efficacy of insect growth regulators (pyriproxyfen, methoprene and diflubenzuron), in comparison with the larvicidal and adulticidal efficacy of conventional insecticides, against several species of Anopheline mosquitoes including several insecticide resistant strains were evaluated in laboratory conditions. In all species, no cross resistance between IGRs and the other kinds of insecticides, such as organophosphate, organochlorine, carbamate and pyrethroid, was observed. Relative effectiveness of pyriproxyfen to methoprene ranged from several to 40 times and that to diflubenzuron ranged from 19.5 times to more than 400 times.View full abstractDownload PDF (473K) -
Kenichi OGAWA, Hideki SATOArticle type: Article
1993 Volume 44 Issue 4 Pages 355-360
Published: December 15, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: August 23, 2016
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe features of acoustic response and wingbeat frequency of a chironomid midge, Chironomus yoshimatsui were studied. The swarms observed were formed above the ground close by cherry trees. The swarming males were mainly caught by cylindrical sound traps emitting sound frequencies of 180-270Hz at between 9 and 15℃ and of 300-390Hz at between 20 and 28℃ during the experimental period in a field. However, the swarming male responded to a fairly narrow range of sound frequency at an ambient air temperature. Accordingly, there was a good correlation between the air temperature and the sound frequency of the highest male catch. The sound frequency of the highest male catch changed at the rate of 10Hz/℃. The mean wingbeat frequencies of both sexes were almost at constant levels from the first day of emergence to the 4-day-old after emergence. The male wingbeat frequency was always higher than that of the female at the same air temperature. There was a good correlation between the air temperature and the wingbeat frequency of each adult day in both sexes. The wingbeat frequencies of male and female changed at the rate of 18-21 and 10-12Hz/℃, respectively. When the regression line of the female wingbeat frequency on the air temperature of each adult day is compared with that of the sound frequency of the highest male catch on the air temperature, the former is consistent with the latter statistically. This indicates that swarming male has the hearing faculty to be accurately tuned to the wingbeat frequency of conspecific female which is variable with the ambient air temperature.View full abstractDownload PDF (619K) -
Manabu SASA, Kimio HIRABAYASHIArticle type: Article
1993 Volume 44 Issue 4 Pages 361-393
Published: December 15, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: August 23, 2016
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFollowing the studies on the chironomids collected in Kamikochi and Asama-Onsen areas carried out in May 1990 and published by Sasa and Hirabayashi (1991), more extensive collections of the chironomids were conducted by the same workers in May 1991 in the same areas, and 27 species (including 12 new species) were recorded from Kamikochi, and 20 species (including 5 new species) were recorded from the latter, making 30 species from the former area and 29 species from the latter area in total. These results seem to represent chironomid fauna typical of a highland valley and a lowland valley of central Honshu.View full abstractDownload PDF (3666K) -
Mitsuhiro IWASA, Koji HORIArticle type: Article
1993 Volume 44 Issue 4 Pages 395-396
Published: December 15, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: August 23, 2016
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe flies of the genus Potamia Robineau-Desvoidy are distributed in the Holarctic Region. Two species, P. littoralis (R.-D.) and P. setifemur (Stein), are known to occur in the Palaearctic Region (Soos, 1986). In Japan, however, there has been no record of this genus until now. During a survey on dipterous flies inhabiting birds' nests, we collected a muscid species bred from some nests. This species was identified to be Potamia littoralis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830. In the present paper, we newly record this species from Japan and redescribe it on the basis of Japanese specimens.View full abstractDownload PDF (190K) -
Sallehudin SULAIMAN, KARIM Mokhtar ABDUL, John JEFFERY, Roslan YUSI, A ...Article type: Article
1993 Volume 44 Issue 4 Pages 397-399
Published: December 15, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: August 23, 2016
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn oviposition study of Aedes aegypti (L.) was conducted in a sixteen-storey building (flats) in an urban area of Kuala Lumpur. Ae. aegypti breeding occurred in all floors of the building including the roof-top. However, the dengue vector was dominant at the second floor level.View full abstractDownload PDF (219K) -
Tadashi KOBAYASHIArticle type: Article
1993 Volume 44 Issue 4 Pages 401-404
Published: December 15, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: August 23, 2016
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe larvae and pupae of Eurycnemus sp. were found in the prepupal and pupal cases of Goera japonica (Trichoptera) collected in the Nishiki River in Iwakuni City, Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan. The morphological characteristics of the chironomid larvae and pupae were almost identical with the description of Eurycnemus crassipes (Panzer) by Murry and Ashe (1981). The present observation appears to be the first report of the chironomid species which is parasitic on Trichoptera. Examination of the imago of Eurycnemus sp. is required before its specific name can be given.View full abstractDownload PDF (702K) -
Chiharu AOKIArticle type: Article
1993 Volume 44 Issue 4 Pages 405-406
Published: December 15, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: August 23, 2016
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFive human cases of ixodid tick-bite in Oita Prefecture, Japan, since 1985 were reported. Tick species involved were Amblyomma testudinarium (3 cases), Haemaphysalis longicornis (1 case) and Ixodes nipponensis (1 case).View full abstractDownload PDF (202K) -
Katsumi SAITO, Hideki SATO, Kiichi UEMOTOArticle type: Article
1993 Volume 44 Issue 4 Pages 407-412
Published: December 15, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: August 23, 2016
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe fauna and distribution of blackflies were investigated by collecting immature stages of flies from streams in 36 localities in Nara Prefecture in Nonvember, 1986. A total of 2,128 larvae and 500 pupae belonging to two genera, 17 species, were collected at the sites. The predominant species was Simulium (Simulium) japonicum (24.2%), followed by S. (S.) quinquestriatum (20.9%), Prosimulium (Prosimulium) kiotoense (13.6%), S. (Gnus) bidentatum (12.2%) and S. (Nevermannia) uchidai (10.4%). The most widely distributed species was S. (S.) japonicum (18 sites), followed by S. (Gn.) bidentatum (15 sites), S. (N.) uchidai (12 sites) and Pro. (Pro.) kiotoense (11 sites). The species most widely distributed from lowland areas to highland were S. (N.) uchidai and S. (S.) suzukii, followed by S. (S.) japonicum and S. (Gn.) bidentatum.View full abstractDownload PDF (641K) -
Article type: Index
1993 Volume 44 Issue 4 Pages 4-7
Published: December 15, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: August 23, 2016
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (251K) -
Article type: Cover
1993 Volume 44 Issue 4 Pages Cover16-
Published: December 15, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: August 23, 2016
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (100K)
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