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Volume 65 (2014)
- Issue 4 Pages 167-
- Issue 3 Pages 131-
- Issue 2 Pages 45-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 65, Issue 2
Displaying 1-4 of 4 articles from this issue
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Review
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Hitoshi KAWADAArticle type: Review
2014 Volume 65 Issue 2 Pages 45-59
Published: June 25, 2014
Released on J-STAGE: February 04, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe dramatic success of ITNs and LLINs in African countries and excessive use of photo-stable pyrethroids in Southeast Asian countries have been countered by the rapid development of pyrethroid resistance in vector mosquitoes over the past decade. Use of excito-repellency of chemicals might be biorational, since such repellency will not induce any physiological resistance. However, little is known about the relationship between the mode of insecticide resistance and excito-repellency in pyrethroid-resistant mosquitoes.
Trials for some insecticide delivery systems using pyrethroids, metofluthrin and permethrin, and JHM, pyriproxyfen, are introduced in the present review and possible use of these systems as new biorational mosquito controlling measures which might be countermeasures against pyrethroid-resistant mosquito vectors is discussed. New self-protection measures using exito-repellent type I pyrethroids as substitutional or supplemental techniques for bio-rational vector control measures, as well as reconsideration of the use of photo-unstable knockdown agents as spatial repellents, which effectively interfere with disease transmission without causing any selection pressure to insect populations are also proposed.View full abstractDownload PDF (9248K)
Original Articles
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Yoshio TSUDA, Hiroki KAMEZAKIArticle type: Original Article
2013 Volume 65 Issue 2 Pages 61-66
Published: June 25, 2014
Released on J-STAGE: February 04, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn individual marking method by placing spots of paint at five different sites on the thorax of mosquitoes was applied and a short-term ecological study on movement of Ae. albopictus and Armigeres subalbatus was conducted during 18 to 27 March 2013 in a residential area on Ishigaki island, Japan. There were 2 preservation areas with vegetation, human dwellings, shops and buildings, and habitats of Ae. albopictus were distributed patchily in the study area of 230 m×250 m. Individual marking was carried out during the first 7 days, and 232 and 216 females of Ae. albopictus and Ar. subalbatus, respectively, were marked and released from 4 collection sites. The overall recapture rate of released females was significantly higher for Ae. albopictus (0.21=48/232) than Ar. subalbatus (0.09=20/216). The recapture rate of Ae. albopictus varied among collection sites. Analysis of the movements of released mosquitoes among collection sites indicated that the collection site inside the large preservation area was suitable for resting/searching Ae. albopictus and Ar. subalbatus and many females were accumulated through directional movements from the surrounding habitats. The individual marking method used in this study is applicable to field studies of the movements of Ae. albopictus and Ar. subalbatus.View full abstractDownload PDF (706K) -
Kazunori OHASHI, Yoshio TSUDA, Shinji KASAI, Hitoshi KAWADA, Masahiro ...Article type: Original Article
2014 Volume 65 Issue 2 Pages 67-72
Published: June 25, 2014
Released on J-STAGE: February 04, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe occurrence of natural hybridization between the mosquitoes Culex pipiens pallens and Cx. pipiens f. molestus in Northwestern Kyushu, Japan, was confirmed based on morphology and molecular methods. In order to assess the morphological difference in male genitalia of the two forms on the basis of the dorsal/ventral (D/V) ratio, mosquito egg rafts were collected in Nagasaki City using oviposition traps. The morphological parameters of male genitalia from Cx. pipiens f. molestus were discontinuous with those from Cx. pipiens pallens, while intermediate individuals could be found in a single egg raft. These individuals were identified as hybrids using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based assay. The fitness of the family descended from hybrids was lower than that from typical pallens and molestus families, as measured by egg raft size and egg hatchability. The reduced fitness of the hybrids suggested that the genetic introgression between the two forms could be restricted.View full abstractDownload PDF (711K)
Short Communication
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Hiroshi URAKAMI, Koji OKUBO, Masahiro FUKUHARA, Hitoko MISUMI, Mamoru ...Article type: Short Communication
2013 Volume 65 Issue 2 Pages 73-77
Published: June 25, 2014
Released on J-STAGE: February 04, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAntigenic types of Orientia tsutsugamushi in naturally infected colonies of Leptotrombidium (L.) fletcheri, L. arenicola, and L. pallidum were examined using ten monoclonal antibodies specific to the type-specific antigen proteins of prototype strains (Gilliam, Karp, Kato, Kawasaki and Kuroki) by improved immunofluorescent microscopy. All antibodies were used at a 1 : 1,000 dilution, at which the antibodies reacted specifically to only one of the prototypes used for production of the antibodies. O. tsutsugamushi in L. fletcheri reacted to three of four anti-Kato antibodies, however only one antibody reacted to O. tsutsugamushi in all individual L. fletcheri, and two antibodies reacted only to the microorganisms in some of the mites. Similar results were obtained with anti-Karp antibodies to L. arenicola and L. pallidum. Experiments with serially diluted antibodies indicated that the fluctuation occurred only with antibodies, the end-points of which were close to 1 : 1,000. Therefore, our observations suggested that a single mite was not infected with multiple strains and that each infected colony of Leptotrombidium harbored a single antigenic strain of O. tsutsugamushi that is antigenically similar but different in some degree from the prototype strains.View full abstractDownload PDF (98K)
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