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T. KAWAI, S. TERAOKA, S. FUCHINOUE, H. HONDA, J. MINAKUCHI, Y. NAKAGAW ...
1987 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages
885-888
Published: April 15, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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Commercially available amino acid (AA) solutions for the patients with renal failure mainly conlist of essential amino acids (EAA), the composition of which is based upon Rose's requirements of EAA for healthy subjects. It is well-known fact that plasma amino acid (AA) pattern is distorted in patients with renal failure and it can be attributed to impairment of AA metabolism. Present study was performed in order to clarify whether above-mentioned EAA preparations might be applicable to patients with renal failure. No effect on limiting accumulation of nitrogenous waste could be observed in this study.
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K. SAKURAI, T. TAKAGI, H. OGAWA, A. SAITO
1987 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages
890-893
Published: April 15, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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Continuous Arteriovenous Hemofiltration (CAVH) is a blood purification technique in which electrolytes and water removal of patients with acute renal failure or multiple organic failure is easily controlled at bedside outside of hemodialysis facilties. In the present study, a portable CAVH assisting device, TR-510 was developed and clinically used in 4 patients with renal failure. The device can be used for CAVH and its modification safely and conveniently by controlling the volumes of both substitution solution and filtrate. The control precision in vitro and in vivo (represented in one patient) was presented as a total volume of measured filtrate. The figures were 9925±78.2ml and 117.7l respectively. The errors with the indicated levels in vitro and in vivo were 2.3±0.2% and 0.34% respectively. Therefore, the control precision was demonstrated to be excellent. The safety device acted without any troubles and the treatment was done with perfect safety. The new device is capable of a planned control of substitution solution and filtrate for CAVH and its modification. Therefore, a expansion of the use of the device for other therapies can be strongly expected.
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F YOSHIDA, K MAEDA, T SHINZATO, K YAMADA, K NAKANE, H FUKAKUSA, I KAWA ...
1987 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages
894-897
Published: April 15, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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We have developed a new CAVH filter (0.4m
2) containing polysulfone hollow fiber membrane. We evaluated its performance in vitro using bovine blood. UFR at TMP=100mmHg was Lp=43.5ml/hr.mmHg.m
2. This indicated that, even in hypotension, a high UFR can be expected. SC for middle molecules was also outstanding; SC for inulin (MW5200) was over 0.8 and 0.0 with albumin. ECUM was performed on long-term hemodialysis patients and WBC count was monitored for variation, during treatments. There was no transient reduction of WBC, reflecting excellent hemocompatibility. We clinically applied the filters with 10 patients suffering from nephrosis, cardiac and/or renal failure for 20 to 156 hours. During the treatments, there was no trouble, and the performance was consistent. Seven out of 10 patients showed a good prognosis, reflecting the effectiveness of CAVH.
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S. HORIGUCHI, K. HIRAOKA, H. OKUDA, M. AOKI
1987 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages
898-901
Published: April 15, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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Hemofiltration, performed with a high filtrate volume, produced excellent clinical results. HF with a frequency of 3 times a week and a filtrate volume of 0.5l/kg body weight per treatment yielded superior clinical results as compared with hemodialysis with a 1m
2 (approx.) dialyaer in the current standard program of 3 treatments a week and 5 hr per treatment. According to our data, the elimination rate for substances of middle molecular weight is also clearly higher.
However, HF has a problem related to the large volume of substitution fluid required. With the thought that the reuse of the filtrate after purification with a reverse osmosis membrane should make it possible to provide a HT unit that is more compact and portable and permits continuous fluid substitution, we have constructed a prototype experimental unit and investigated its various characteristics. The results of the investigation are encouraging enough to promise the implementation of a portable clinical HF unit in near future.
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I. AMANO, U. INAGAKI, [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1987 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages
902-905
Published: April 15, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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We have developped a new straight catheter for CAPD. The feature of the catheter is new shape with modified four-wings and small metal balls on the tip of the silicon tube. These wings and metal balls are useful to prevent movement of the catheter toward upper abdominal cavity. It was easy for us to insert the catheter into abdominal cavity, because these wings are reformed to straight tube by stylet. Clinical experiences with two patients have been showed safety and functionning of the catheter.
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N. TERAMACHI, T. YOSHIDA, Y. INAGAKI, I. AMANO
1987 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages
906-910
Published: April 15, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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It is very important for cadavor kidney transplantation in Japan to prevent warm ischemia after cardiac arrest. In this experiment, four different intra-arterial irrigation methods were performed, and their cooling efficiency was comparted to each other. The best method was the selective kidney irrigation, using 3-lumen, double balloon catheter (3L-DBL). But the pressure between the two balloons was increased gradually about 30 minutes after irrigation was initiated because of the intracellular edema. Therefore it is desirable to deflate the lower balloon of the 3L-DBC and utilize an assistant cooling method. Continuous gastric cooling using balloon catheter was thought to be the best subsidiary method.
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[in Japanese]
1987 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages
911
Published: April 15, 1987
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-TREATMENT OF GALACTOSAMINE INDUCED HEPATIC FAILURE DOG BY A METABOLIC SUPPORT DEVICE USING HEPATOCYTES-
S. KASAI, A. KAKISAKA, M. MICHIO, R. TERADA, J. SUZIKI, H. TANZAWA
1987 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages
912-915
Published: April 15, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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Two types of experimental metabolic support device were developed. In prototype, PMMA hollow fiber membranes were soaked directly in the cell suspension chamber. In a new model, two hollow-fiber-modules were used. By the first plasma separator dodule, only suspension media was drawn, and by the second module, the suspension media and animal blood contacted to each other through the second membrane. Viability of hepatocytes in a new module was maintained about two times of that in the prototype. The survival time of animals prolonged in both types than that of non-treated animals.
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S. SAITO, K. SAKAGAMI, M. MIYAZAKI, J. MATSUOKA, S. SHIOZAKI, K. TANAB ...
1987 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages
916-919
Published: April 15, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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We have reported that extracellular liver matrix (biomatrix) was a sufficient substrate for long term hepatocytes culture. In order to evaluate the ability of biomatrix-hepatocytes culture system for developing hybrid type artificial liver using cultured hepatocytes, biomatrix-hepatocytes were administered intraperitoneally to the rats withal-galactosamine (d-GalN) induced hepatic failure. The biomatrixhepatocytes treated group showed statistically higher survival rate than control groups on the 4th day after treatment. These finding suggests that this biomatrixhepatocytes culture system is one of the prominent candidates for a biological liver support system.
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Toshihiko AKIMOTO, Kiyohito YAGI, Yoshiharu MIURA
1987 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages
920-923
Published: April 15, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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Isolated hepatocytes were entrapped within Ca-alginate, and were cultured for 24hr. The entrapped cells were examined on glucose production from various substrates, lactate, alanine, fructose and galactose. By addition of these substrates, amount of produced glucose increased in dose-dependent manner. The ability of gluconeogenesis from lactate was regulated by addition of various hormones, such as glucagon, insulin, and vasopressin, to the culture media, in cultured hepatocytes. Glucagon and vasopressin stimulated gluconeogenesis, and insulin inhibited the glucagon-stimulated gluconeogenesis. Thus, hepatocytes entrapped within Ca-alginate maintained the activities of carbohydrate metabolism, and exhibited responses to hormones.
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A. KOBAYASHI, T. AKAIKE
1987 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages
928-931
Published: April 15, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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In this study, various oligosaccharide-containig polystyrene was synthesized and evaluated for the hepatocytes culture substrata. The highest adhesion of hepatocytes was attained with galactose containing polystyrene (PVLA). Thereafter, some cells were detached slowly, but significant portions of cells still survived even after 5 days' incubation. The binding of rat hepatocytes to PVLA required Ca
2+. The adherent hepatocytes to PVLA (5 days) were detached with EDTA. The detached cells still have the functions and could spread in collagen-coated dishes.
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[in Japanese]
1987 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages
932
Published: April 15, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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Masashi MIYAZAKI, Kenichi SAKAGAMI, Shigehiro SHIOZAKI, Shinya SAITO, ...
1987 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages
933-936
Published: April 15, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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The removability for protein-bound toxins of an anion exchange resin (BR-601) was examined comparing with plasma exchange. Six patients with hepatic failure following surgical operation in the hepato-biliary resion were treated with plasma perfusion using BR-601 and plasma exchange (PE). Either BR-601 and PE demonstrated the effect for improvement in coma grade from 3 or 4 to 2 or 3. The initial level of total bilirubin was 15.8mg/dl and it was incerasing rapidly. The removal rates of BR-601 for total bilirubin, direct bilirubin and total bile acids were 26.6 6.6%, 29.5 9.5% and 19.8 9.8%, respectively, showing 80% of relative removability with PE. BR-601 may play one part of removal function in artificial liver support system.
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H. KAWANISHI, T. TSUCHIYA, S. YAMANE, M. NISHIKI, K. DOHI, M. SUGIYAMA
1987 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages
937-940
Published: April 15, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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A blood modulation system has been developed for use in artificial liver support system using polyetherurethane sheet embedded with powderd charcoal (UPC) prepared mainly for the purpose of effectively adsorbing protein-bound and middle-molecular substances. This system consist of a UPC-plasmaperfusion (using recirculation system) followed by a supplementary of about 1l plasmaexchange using hemodialysis for the purpose of performing both removal and supplementary therapy at the same time. In the clinical application, the amounts of bilirubin and bile acids removed by UPC-plasmaperfusion reached 40%. This removal amounts of bilirubin and bile acids may be equivalent to 55% and 70% of that of plasmaexchange, respectively.
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M. HIRAISHI, N. INOUE, Z. YAMAZAKI, T. TAKAHAMA, F. KANAI, K. OHNISHI, ...
1987 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages
941-944
Published: April 15, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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The oral adsorbent (AST-120) is a fine spherical shaped activated carbon for oral use. In the present study, this adsorbent was administered to clarify its effect on surgically induced hepatic failures, and blood metabolites were analysed by multi-column HPLC system. Fifteen dogs underwent porta-caval anastomoses and 70% hepatectomies, and divided into two groups, AST group and control group. Dogs in the AST group received the oral adsorbent intermittently with diet. Blood ammonia and bile acids were increased in the control group. Blood middle molecular weight substances were increased in the control group. These middle molecular weight substances were adsorbed by this adsorbent in in-vitro study.
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M. NAKAJIMA, H. OTA, X. CHIBA, K. KUBOTA, K. WATANABE, M. HOKARI, T. K ...
1987 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages
945-948
Published: April 15, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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We thought that the estimation of the efficiency of CHP and PPH for liver failure. It wasn't satisfied that toxic material was removed CHP or PPH. It was improved after CHP and PPH about MR, but we thought that CHP or PPH only was insufficiently. It was useful to use the CHP or PPH together with the special amino acid or the G-I therapy for the improvement of conscionsness in liver failure, but the function of the remaining hepatic cells was important.
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S. MATSUBARA, K. OKABE, K. OUCHI, T. SATO, H. SUZUKI, Y. YAJIMA
1987 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages
950-953
Published: April 15, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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For the past 8 years, 42 patients with severe liver dysfunction were treated by the blood purification therapies mainly carried out by plasma exchange. The type of liver failure includes 5 cholestatic jaundice, 19 postoperative liver failure, 4 acute on chronic liver failure, and 10 fulminant hepatitis. The overall survival rate was 31% and 38% when treated only by plasma exchange. The association of liver cirrhosis showed a two-times higher mortality and the treatment mostly failed to survive patients when they developed multiple organ failure. In addition to plasma exchange, other combined modality of treatments may be crucial to increase survival rate.
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Hinoru YAMAMOTO
1987 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages
954-957
Published: April 15, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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The artificial live support with plasma exchange has been applied to the patients with acute hepatic failure. 8 out of 46 patients with fulminant hepatitis and all 8 patients with acute fatty liver of pregnancy were survived. These clinical results indicated that oral feeding was effective in the treatment of acute hepatic failure and elevation of AFP in serum indicated to be cured.
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H. INABA, H. HIRASAWA, T. SUGAI, M. ODAKA, Y. TABATA, K. SOEDA, K. ISO ...
1987 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages
958-961
Published: April 15, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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Changes in osmolality gap (OG) following hemopurifications including hemodialysis (HD), plasma exchange (PE) and hemoadsorption (HA) were studied in 17 survivors (Group S) and in 11 non-survivors (Group NS). OG before hemopurifications was correlated with the number of failing organs. Both PE and HA decreased OG significantly in group S, but not in group NS, whereas HD did not affect OG both in group S and in Group NS. These results indicate that both PE and HA are effective to remove unmeasurable solutes including pathogenic substances, and that multiple therapeutic approaches to treat the causes of illness and to improve the hepatic cellular metabolism are necessary in severe cases showing large OG.
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H. HONDA, S. TERAOKA, T. OSHIMA, Y. FUNAKOSHI, S. FUCHINOUE, T. KAWAI, ...
1987 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages
962-965
Published: April 15, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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Ex-vivo pig liver perfusion was applied to an end-stage chronic hepatic coma patient (39y. male), whose consciousness was not recovered by intensive plasma exchange. Ex-vivo pig liver perfusion was successfully performed during 5 hours (Bile output; 5.5ml/hr, Clearance rate of serum bilirubin; 42.1%) and after 6 hours the procedure was finished because of the decrease of the bile output and discoloration of the perfused liver. After this procedure his consciousness showed some improvement (coma grade V-III) and additional plasma exchange succeeded in making him awake (coma grade I). He died 14 days after this procedure due to rupture of the esophageal varices. Histological examination of the perfused liver showed the findings of hyperacute rejection. But we couldn't find no anti-pig antibody in patient's serum after 12 days from this treatment.
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K. OOKAWA, Y. TAMURA, N. OHSHIMA
1987 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages
966-968
Published: April 15, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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Encapsulation of hepatocytes has made remarkable improvement of hepatocyte viability which is a limiting factor of the efficiency of the hybrid-type artificial liver support system. A new rotating-disc type module was constructed using film-shaped hydrogel containing hepatocytes of rats.
In vitro mass transfer and perfusion experiments revealed that the death rate constant as an index of the hepatocyte viability change, as well as the metabolic reaction rate constant increased as the speed of rotation of the disk increased. Direct hemoperfusion experiment on hepatic failure rabbits showed comparatively satisfactory capability of this module to eliminate plasma ammonium.
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[in Japanese]
1987 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages
969
Published: April 15, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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H. KOJIMA, K. TAKESHIGE, S. YAMAMOTO, S. IKEDA, K. ITO
1987 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages
970-973
Published: April 15, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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The tissue glucose measurement glucose sensor (TGS) for an implantable artificial pancreas has been developed and applied to a diabetic dog for measuring tissue glucose levels. The TGS is the Clark type electrode in principle and consists of two electrodes, the glucose electrode and the reference oxygen electrode. For the measurement of tissue glucose levels, the sensor output of TGS was standardized against the different glucose levels of 0-500mg/dl in salin at 37°C and with 5% oxygen concentration, in vitro. The tissue glucose levels measured by the sensor were able to respond to the change of glucose levels in blood, and the both levels represented a good relationship (r>0.7). However, the response of the sensor output delayed over 10min. with rapid and big change of glucose cocentration in blood. The sensor output might be electrically influenced by such environmental factors as temperature, oxygen concentration, blood volume in the tissue around the sensor.
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-IMPROVEMENT OF SUBCUTANEOUS TYPE GLUCOSE SENSOR
K. OHKURA, T. ICHIHARA, A. NAKAO, H. ICHIHASHI, H. TAKAGI, T. KONDO, K ...
1987 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages
974-977
Published: April 15, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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The key point for the development of the implantable artificial pancreas is the development of an implantable, long-lived and stable glucose sensor. Recently, we have developed the subcutaneous type glucose sensor. However, the upper limit of the response range of it has sometimes lowered after
in vivo tests. The reason of it has been clarified. And the property of the sensor has been improved by setting another additional membrane.
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Y. YAMASAKI, N. UEDA, S. HOSHIYAMA, T. YAGI, M. SHICHIRI, T. KAMADA
1987 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages
978-981
Published: April 15, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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Sensor characteristics of needle-type glucose sensor with alginate-polylysinealginate membrane (APA) was compared with that of sensor with polyvinylalcohol membrane (PVA). In vitro characteristics showed no differences between two sensors. Direct measurement of glucose concentration in whole blood by APA sensor showed a much higher linearity with plasma glucose than by PVA sensor. APA sensor kept in jugular vein of dogs monitored blood glucose concentration up to 4 hours. These data indicate the usefulness of APA sensor for long-term monitoring.
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Y. YAMASAKI, S. HOSHIYAMA, N. UEDA, K. NAO, R. KAWAMORI, M. SHICHIRI
1987 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages
982-985
Published: April 15, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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Closed-loop sc insulin infusion algorithm was applied to control daily glycemic excursion in diabetics. By changing the control parameters during postprandial period, glycemic control was compatible to that with closed-loop iv infusion. The subcutaneous insulin pharmacokinetic model well simulated the pattern of plasma free insulin from sc infused insulin profile. The new algorithm for closed-loop insulin infusion was developed which calculated infusion rate to compensate the deficit of insulin dose in sc space.
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Y. HARAGUCHI, M. BOSHINO, M. KIRITA
1987 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages
986-989
Published: April 15, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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It is well known that mist patients show impaired glucose tolerance after major operation. This tendency is often aggravated especially when these patients have severe infection. For such condition, sufficient nutritional support cannot be performed usually. We used artificial pancreas for nine postoperative patients with panperitonitis and studied the values of this device. [RESULTS] Glucose uptake was sufficient in most of the patients, in comparison with the resting energy expenditure with the use of this device. Blood sugar was able to be maintained between 140-220mg/dl usually. Therefore mean glucose uptake ratio was high up to 97.1% during this therapy. Much amount of insulin as much as 250mU/kg/hr was necessary, for a few patients. The ratio of given insulin per glucose uptake, which was suspected to reflect the change of glucose tolerance exactly, showed elevated values, initially. This tendency, however, seemed to have improved gradually, due to the improvement of this impaired glucose tolerance. [CONCLUSION] This device was thought to be useful for evaluating and also for treatment of the surgical diabetics.
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[in Japanese]
1987 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages
990
Published: April 15, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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O. RYOJI, T. AGISHI, Y. HAYASAKA, H. NAKZAWA, K. OTA, M. SATO, M. ABE
1987 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages
991-994
Published: April 15, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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A adsorptive capability of recombinant-protein A to serum fractions and Iuterleukin-2 (IL-2) was measured. There were no significant alternations in serum levels of IgG, IgM, IgA, C3, C4, BUN, Cr, Na and K before and after r-protein A-adsorption However, immunoaotivity of IL-2 increased after r-protein A-adsorption by bioassay using IL-2 sensitive culture cell line (NKc-7). Furthermore, the selective removal of significant substance by r-pro A was demonstrated using liquid chromatography and MLC (mixed lymphocyte culture). These data indicate that r-pro A absorbs one of immunosuppressive factors.
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T TANI, Y ENDO, T YOSHIOKA, T OKA, K HANASAWA, K MATSUDA, K. NUMA, M. ...
1987 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages
995-998
Published: April 15, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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An anti-tumor activities of endotoxin immobilized fiber (LPS-F) was measured by Vx2 tumor of rabbits using hemoperfusion (DHP). In place of viable Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG), OK-432 was injected intravenously as a priming agent. DHP using the carrier fiber of LPS-F (sham DHP) was examined as a control study. The effects of multiple treatment of DHP using LPS-F was also studied. Priming agent of OK-432 only did not influence Vx2 tumor growth. DHP suppressed the tumor growth significantly against the those of DIP (-) and sham DHP. And survival day of DHP group also ploronged significantly. Multiple and early DHP treatment were more effetive.
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K. HANASAWA, T. TANI, T. OKA, T. YOSHIOKA, Y. ENDO, K. MATSUDA, H. AOK ...
1987 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages
999-1001
Published: April 15, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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A new method of polymyxin B fixed to insoluble fiber (PMX-F) was developed as a biomaterial for selectively detoxifing endotoxin (ET). This new material (PMX-F) neutralized a sufficient amount of ET, moreover this newly invented fiber exhibited a satisfactory biocompatibility. We previously reported the efficacy of PMX-F for endotoxin shock canine recived purified endotoxin. Our interest is to evaluate the capacity of this material to save septic dog as well as ET shock dogs. In this paper, direct hemoperfusion (DHP) with PMX-F was carried out for Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922)-induced septic dog. Septicemia was produced in ten dogs by dripped infusion of live Escherichia coli, 1-5×10
9organisms per kilogram of body weight for 1 hour. For five of ten dogs, DHP with PRIX-F was performed for 2 hours. Others were received sham DHP with empty column. We found that PMX-F treatment prolonged or increased survival rate in septic dog. DHP with PMX-F would be an effective treatment for the ET shock or septicemia in the clinical patient.
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Y. INAGAKI, I. AMANO
1987 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages
1002-1006
Published: April 15, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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External peritoneo-venous (P-V) shunt has ovwrcome the defects and incorporate the advantages of the two method: the internal P-V shunt and the reinfusion of concentrated ascites. A new wearable ascites concentrating divice was investigated to use the external P-V shunt for other applications. This device consists of these parts: [1] flush bulb with one-way valve, [2] concentrator made of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and [3] sterilized pack and connecting tubes. Water can be filtrated out through the concentrator haidraulic pressure under the two conditions: [a] fiber area of concentrator is more than 0.5m and [b] the fibers are rinsed every 30minutes using original ascites. This divice was used occasionally in one case with intractable ascites accompained by chirrosis and heart failure. Several liter of ascites could be concentrated by this method for 10 hours.
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Y. FUNAKOSHI, T. AGISHI, H. NAKAZAWA, H. HONDA, H. YOSHIOKA, K. FUKUI, ...
1987 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages
1007-1010
Published: April 15, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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Thoracic duct drainage has been clinically used for correction of immunological disorders such as autoimmune diseases and rejection in kidney transplantation. However, although clinical usefulness has been so advocated, actual applications have been very much limitted probably due to complexity in its maneuver. In an attempt to solve the problem, a novel thoracic duct drainage system which utilizes continuous filtration of lymphatic fluid to collect lymphocytes has been newly devised. The system is composed of a fine doublelumen catheter and a wearable pump for drainage, a filter (CPC-1 IFC) for lymphocyte trapping and a small infusion pump for heparin injection. A preliminary in vitro experiment evidenced reliability of the function of the system. An animal experiment using mongrel dogs showed that a lymph flow rate was 40 to 90ml/hr and all lymphocytes flowing from the thoracic duct which was counted 2.0 to 4.3×10
6/ml were caught by the filter. Total portein concentration in lymphatic fluid did not change even after the filtration. In conclusion, the system is proved to be simple and reliable to collect lymphocytes and expected to be applicable for clinical use.
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[in Japanese]
1987 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages
1011
Published: April 15, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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Y. IINO, T. SHINODA, T. SHIBAMOTO, Y. HASUMURA, H. OHSHIMA, N. YOSHIYA ...
1987 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages
1012-1015
Published: April 15, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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Two patients of sibling with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (Type 2b) were treated with LDL apheresis and its effects were compared with double filtration plasma pheresis (DFPP). LDL apheresis was performed with dextran-sulfate cellulose column. Total cholesterol decreased effectively in each method, although the reduction rate was higher in LDL apheresis than in DFPP. Both LDL and VLDL decreased with LDL apheresis, but HDL had no change. LDL apheresis with dextrane-sulfate cellulose is a promising new treatment for hypercholesterolemia.
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K. SOEDA, M. ODAKA, Y. TABATA, H. HAYASHI, Y. ITO, H. IMAZEKI, K. ISON ...
1987 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages
1016-1022
Published: April 15, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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We have experienced the LDL apheresis for the patient, 49 yrs old woman, of familial hypercholesterolemia (heterozygotes). The LDL apheresis was performed by the utilization of KNA-01 colum containing dextran sulfate which ability of selective adsorption for LDL. The clinical data was evaluated followir. 1 year experience. The concentration LDL was reduced about 70% following the LDL apheresis and this reduced amount was about 7.7g. The patient was well controlled serum cholesterol concentration within 250mg/ml. The biocompatibility was also evaluated with C3a, C5a and thromboxan B2. And these results indicated that there was no problem of utilization of KNA-01.
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T. NOMURA, T. NIWA, Y. OZAWA, H. KOBAYAKAWA, K. MAEDA, M. SHIBATA
1987 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages
1023-1026
Published: April 15, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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An on-line regeneration method for the artificial reticuloendothelial system (ARES) containing phenylalanine as a ligand was developed to improve the adsorption capacity of the adsorbent during plasma perfusion. The use of a 5% glucose soluticn could elute the adsorbed rheumatoid factor, imnunoglobulins and complements from the used adsorbent in vitro. A patient with rheumatoid arthritis was treated with the regeneration method of ARES. During plasma perfusion, ARES was regenerated usually twice with 1 liter of a 5% glucose solution. After each regeneration, the adsorption capacity of ARES was demonstrated to be improved by determining the pre-and postcolum plasma levels of rheumatoid factor. Joint pain improved markedly, grasping strength increased and ability to walk improved after the treatment of the patient with the regenerative artificial reticuloendothelial system (PARES).
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Z. YAMAZAKI, T. TAKAHAMA, Y. FIJIMORI, K. OHNISHI, M. HIRAISHI, F. KAN ...
1987 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages
1027-1030
Published: April 15, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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Competitive IM-PH immunoadsorption of drugs and immune reactant has been investigated in order to perform better immunoadsorption and medication. IM-PH has a stronger affinity for immune complex (IC) than cortisol and no affinity for antibiotics. However, activated charcoal adsorbed them all when they were given within a therapeutic dose. These experimental results may be a useful guide for hemoperfusion and plasma perfusion.
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T. OKA, Y. ENDO, T. TANI, K. HANASAWA, T. YOSHIOKA, K. MATSUDA, M. KOD ...
1987 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages
1031-1035
Published: April 15, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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A new approach was tried to prevent bio-reactions by removing the bio-active products activated in every blood-perfused artificial organ. 6 kinds of charcoals were examined on the adsorption of anaphylatoxins. 5 of them were used in clinical hemodialysis (HD) in 5 patients. Activated charcoal adsorbed anaphylatoxins C3a, C4a and C5a from plasma and whole blood. In HD, adsorbing the anaphylatoxins reduced the transient neutropenia but can not prevent it. In order to keep %PMN at more than 25%, %C3a should be less than 200%. The size of the column had more affect than the type of charcoal used. This method would be useful for the application of the bioincompatible materials to blood-perfused artificial organ.
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[in Japanese]
1987 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages
1036
Published: April 15, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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S. SHIOZAKI, K. SAKAGAMI, M. MIYAZAKI, J. MATSUOKA, Y. NISHIOKA, T. MA ...
1987 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages
1037-1040
Published: April 15, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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We have applied DFPP to cancer patients to remove immunosuppressive factors (ISFs). However, recent studies have shown that DFPP could adequately remove high molecular ISFs, but couldn't remove low molecular ISFs. We previously reported that glassbead adsorbents had the ability to absorb the low molecular ISFs. In the present study, we examined the clinical effect of the column packed with glassbead adsorbents combined with DFPP in order to remove low molecular ISFs. IAP, α
1-acid glycoprotein which had lower molecular weight than albumin were quickly removed and inhibition of normal lymphocyte blastogenesis to PHA remarkably decreased by DFPP and adsorbent column. These results suggest that the column packed with glassbead adsorbents is effective to remove low molecular ISFs and increase the effect of DFPP.
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-Availability of aromatic vinyl chemicals-
T. TAKAHASI, N. SATO
1987 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages
1041-1044
Published: April 15, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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We studied the immunoadsorbents of Rheumatoid Factor (RF) in rheumatic plasma.
It was repored, immunoadsorbents of phenylalanine or tryptaphan ligand showed a tendency to serective adsorption of RF.
And we synthesized adsorptive model of RF to apply aromatic vinyl chemicals, and examined adsorption of RF. In result, porous copoly mer of N-vinylcarbazole showed a tendency to serective adsorption of RF. It was thought, adsorptive model of RF was synthesized by non biosubstance.
It seems that an adsorbents of sromatic vinyl copolymers are useful for the therapy of immunological disease.
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T. MATSUDA, M. NIINOBE, H. IWATA
1987 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages
1045-1050
Published: April 15, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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Complement system activated on extracorporeal artificial organs often generates local and systemic impacts on body. In this paper, much emphasis was placed to establish the surface property-complement activation relationship and to define mechanistic aspects of initiation reactions of both classical and alternative pathways on polymers. The general features of the relationship are; 1) The most innert surfaces are hydrophobic and 2) the most potent ones are the polar surfaces with surface hydroxyl groups. The C1 activation in classical pathway was found to be initiated via IgG-dependent and IgG-independent mechanisms, which largely depends on the nature of polymer surfaces. The activation of alternative pathway was found to be greatly enhanced by chemical bonding of surface hydroxyi group with C3 factor. The preliminary study on effector function of activated complement factors to immunocompetent cells (natural killer and macrophage) was reported.
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J. MIURA, R. MOTOKI, H. INOUE, A. USUBA, T. KAMEDA
1987 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages
1051-1054
Published: April 15, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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FC-43 markedly suppressed the immune reactivities of T cells by suppressing the Interleukin-1 production by macrophages. In this study we used the FC-43 as an immunosuppressant for the mouse skin graft. 1) Mean graft survival time of thymectomized mouse was 26.8±12.7 days. 2) Mean graft suvival time of thymectomized with FC-43 injected mouse was 37.2±3.1 days. As an adjuvant immunosuppressant, FC-43 prolonged the suvival time of mouse allogeneic skin graft.
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J. HIRAOKA, T. AKAIKE
1987 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages
1055-1058
Published: April 15, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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Polymethyl methacrylate derivatives which have various amino acids or dipeptide in side chain were chosen as a new immuno-adsorbents The interactions of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and its fragments of F(ab')
2 and Fc with the polymers were examined with microsphere column methodso It was found that the polymers containing aromatic group are good cadidates for high affinity to IgG and Fc fragments Especially the polymer which has aspartyl phenylalanine methylester was turned out to be the most selective adsorbent and to be applicable in immunoengineering.
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[in Japanese]
1987 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages
1059
Published: April 15, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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H. YOSHIDA, M. TAMURA, H. MATSUDA, R. OHI, T. TOMONO, H. IKEDA, H. HAT ...
1987 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages
1060-1063
Published: April 15, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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A single-needled system of donor plasmapheresis has two types of blood flow entering the inlet of the membrane module: (A) totally dependent and (B) independent on the changing blood flow of donor's vein. The study on concentration effects of cellular components running from the inlet to the outlet of hollow fibers revealed that B had higher efficiency in donor plasmapheresis because B had more stable and laminar flow than A.
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M. TAMURA, H. MATSUDA, H. YOSHIDA, R. OHI, T. TOMONO, H. IKEDA, K. FUK ...
1987 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages
1064-1068
Published: April 15, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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A newly developed membrane module, namely PEF-25, made of cellulose-tri-acetate hollow fibers with the maximal pore size of 0.6μ was applied with the combination of a plasma separation system (NDP-100) to clinical uses, i. e. donor piasmapheresis (DP). It was found that the new membrane had as high ‘sieving coefficients’ of large molecular plasma proteins such as factor VIII as the DP system by the centrifugal method.
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K. SUZUKI, N. NEGISHI, H. HAGIWARA, S. OZAKI, Y. ISHII, [in Japanese], ...
1987 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages
1069-1072
Published: April 15, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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A new experimental model of MNMS of following severe acute arterial occulusion was made for new theraptic protocol. Muscle of bilateral lower extermities were resected and crushed aseptically and then broken down into saline solusion. Eliminating these saline solus ion was infused to 6 canines and none eliminating, these saline solusion was infusion to another 6 cannines. CPK, Aldorasl etc. was compared between two group. These parameter was decreased on the F group compared with C group. Plasmafiltration was much more effective technique for MNMS.
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[in Japanese]
1987 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages
1073
Published: April 15, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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