Oily gels are used as base for various cosmetic products such as lipstick, lip gloss and eyebrow pencil. Long-lasting performance is one of the most important properties for cosmetics, hence, it is necessary to maintain the oily gel on the skin or the lips for a long time.
Oily gels can roughly be classified into networked organogels and card house structured wax gels. The wax gels are formed of crystalline wax materials such as solid paraffin or polyethylene and they tend to be hard gels suitable for stick products. Further, when wax gels are applied to the skin, the obtained oily films have better durability compared with organogels.
In lip cosmetic compositions, additives are used to further improve sustainability on the lip, for example, agents that gel with moisture on the lip or bleed to the surface of the applied films.
The foam efficiency of the body washing agent is important to a consumer and is correlated to the satisfaction with a product. The state of the foam is changed by various physical factors from foam generation until breaking. This paper outlines the mechanism concerned with generation and stability of a foam, and describes the feature of the foam efficiency required of a body washing agent. Furthermore, evaluation method of foaming ability and stability and the way of characterization of the foam are introduced.
In China, new chemicals are regulated by Ministry of Environmental Protection Order No.7 and required to be notified before entering into Chinese market. The current regulation has been implemented for seven years and new amendments are in progress. Here the framework of the regulation, the key point and the implementations of China new chemical notification are reviewed before the revision release. Besides, the main possible amendments are also summarized according to the latest revision progress.
Air Pollution Control Act in Japan is the law for atmospheric environment preservation. Under this law, Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs) and Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) are regulated for preventing damage to human health and for reducing photochemical oxidants formation, respectively. Voluntary emissions reduction programs by business operators are important to these regulations.
Measures to control indoor air pollution are taken under laws and local ordinances. For improving pollution, it is desirable to develop and use low VOC products.