Preparation and properties of new 1 : 2 mixed titanium complexes of 2, 2′-dihydroxy-azobenzenes and azomethines were studied. The 1 : 1 titanium complexes were provided by the reaction of ligands with titanium tetraisopropoxide in 1 : 3 molar ratio. The 1 : 2 mixed titanium complexes were prepared by the reaction of the 1 : 1 titanium complexes with different kind of ligand in 3 : 1 molar ratio. The azobenzene-titanium complexes absorbed visible light in wide region to around 700 nm or more longer wavelength, and then showed black color. Their heat and light resistances were also investigated.

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On those systems in which stearic acid was added to the mixture of oil, wax and pigments, study was made of the relationship between annealing in a manufacturing process supposing extrusion molding, and blooming.
As a result, bloom occurred at a high temperature range over 47°C. Examination of the solubility of stearic acid in the oil at the high temperature range revealed a correlation between the extent of recrystallization of stearic acid which precipitates after the dissolution, and the bloom. Bloom is apt to occur on those systems in which the extent of recrystallization grew up to about 200 μm.
Examination by X-ray diffraction of crystal forms of stearic acid in the specimens which were heat-treated at various temperatures confirmed that all crystals were of C-form.

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Silica having surface hydroxy group was treated with titanate coupling agent, isopropyl triisostearoyl titanate (TTS). A reaction mechanism between TTS and silica surface was elucidated by FT-IR Spectroscopy, TG-DSC (thermal gravity-differential scanning calorimetry) and GC (gas chromatograpy). Next, TTS-treated silica and low density polyethylene (LDPE) were mixed and kneaded, and its mechanical properties (tensile strength, elongation) were measured. As the results, it became obvious that TTS reacted with silica surface and made chemical bond, just as silane coupling agent. The mixture of surface treated silica and LDPE showed improved elongation. This fact suggests that titanate coupling agent makes chemical bond with the surface of inorganic filler and forms monomolecular layer consist of hydrophobic group on the filler surface. In conclusion, the usage of titanate coupling agent increases the affinity with polymer, and this increased affinity causes many functional effects such as higher inorganic filler loading, an improvement of processibility, an improvement of filler dispersion, etc..

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Indigo Carmine aluminum lakes were prepared by dyeing an aluminum chloride hydroxide substrate gel precipitated under a well-defined condition, with four levels of dye contents ranging from 29.7 to 42.1%. The limiting capacity of the substrate to combine the dye anion was found at the content of about 40%. The feature observed on dye elution curves in 1% NaCl solution for the lakes was found the same as that for Tartrazine and Sunset Yellow FCF lakes : different stages of the dye saturation, from unsaturated to saturated, gave different dye elution curves characteristic of the stages.
The molar amount of Cl and D′ (dye anion expressed as univalent) ions in the lake composition was less by 10 to 20% than that of Cl ions in the substrate composition, which suggested that Cl ions in the substrate were exchanged with OH ions in the dyeing process as well as with dye anions.
The lake specimen prepared in this study had the dye content twice as large and the anti-eluting strength 2 to 5 times as strong as a commercially available lake.

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