電気学会論文誌C(電子・情報・システム部門誌)
Online ISSN : 1348-8155
Print ISSN : 0385-4221
ISSN-L : 0385-4221
132 巻, 4 号
選択された号の論文の22件中1~22を表示しています
論文
<電子物性・デバイス>
  • 小島 圭太, 大西 隆之, 福井 正博
    2012 年 132 巻 4 号 p. 487-494
    発行日: 2012/04/01
    公開日: 2012/04/01
    ジャーナル フリー
    Accompanying with the rapid popularization of portable embedded systems, the battery technology continues remarkable development to achieve long battery lifetime. To apply lithium-ion batteries to portable embedded systems, it is necessary to take into consideration cell voltage response to the change of load. In this research, we have developed an accurate battery simulator, which simulates the electric behavior of a battery. It simulates the temporal response of state-of-charge (SOC) depending on its load. It also introduces more accurate characteristic of the internal resistance which was not taken into consideration in conventional models. Furthermore, operation of recovery and consumption of battery capacity has been introduced for the simulator. Moreover, the technique of carrying out the calibration and characterization of the parameter peculiar to a battery is proposed. The experimental results show the validity of a battery model and characteristic extraction technique.
<光工学>
<情報通信工学>
  • Masahiro Nishi, Koichi Shin, Teruaki Yoshida
    2012 年 132 巻 4 号 p. 500-508
    発行日: 2012/04/01
    公開日: 2012/04/01
    ジャーナル フリー
    This paper newly proposes Multiple Detection (MD) method in the human detection system using terrestrial digital TV broadcasting waves. In the conventional human detection system using analog TV waves, human motion in a room can be detected by monitoring Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) of the TV waves. The human detection system using TV waves works in the environments where there are no disturbances such as moving car and passing human outside the room. However, the digitalization of the terrestrial TV system deteriorates the detection performance of this system even in such environments. The radio propagation properties of the digital TV system are different from those of the analog one since the digital system is operated in the Single Frequency Network (SFN). In the SFN environment, there are some rooms under the condition that the received TV waves come from several broadcasting stations with same frequency. In such case, our measurement results indicate that the RSSI hardly fluctuates even under condition of human presence and the detection method only using RSSI has a possibility of overlooking the human motion. In the proposed MD method, not only RSSI but also Carrier to Noise Ratio (CNR) and Bit Error Rate (BER) are utilized for human detection. Today most digital TV tuners are capable of monitoring the quality of received signal, such as CNR and BER in addition to RSSI. In this paper, based on the practical measurements by using the digital TV tuners, we evaluate the fluctuation performances of RSSI, CNR and BER affected by human motion in a wooden detached house, and clarify that the MD method can effectively detect human motion even in the SFN environment.
<生体医工学・福祉工学>
  • 斎藤 淳史, 斎藤 亜希, 森口 裕之, 小谷 潔, 神保 泰彦
    2012 年 132 巻 4 号 p. 509-515
    発行日: 2012/04/01
    公開日: 2012/04/01
    ジャーナル フリー
    To establish precisely focused magnetic stimulation, we developed a Mu-meal based low-frequency localized induced current (LIC) stimulation system with micro-fabricated dual cell-culture chamber. The dual cell-culture chamber was arranged in a concentric circle manner. Between the inner and outer chambers, 4 or 8 connecting micro-channels were fabricated using polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). Rat cortical neurons were separately cultured in outer and inner chambers. Through the micro-channels, functional synaptic connections were formed. Mu-metal that has very high magnetic permeability was aligned along the outer circle, which allowed us of LIC stimulation to the cells in the outer chamber. Applying low-frequency magnetic fields to the Mu-metal, induced currents were generated and the electrical activity of the cells in the outer chamber was modified depending on the stimulation intensity. Following the modified activity in the outer circles, the cells in the inner chamber also showed slightly depressed activity patterns. These results suggested that our system would be promising for localized stimulation of neuronal networks and highly regulation of network activities.
<システム・計測・制御>
  • 北上 眞二, 金子 洋介, 安田 晃久, 峯村 治実, 小泉 寿男
    2012 年 132 巻 4 号 p. 516-525
    発行日: 2012/04/01
    公開日: 2012/04/01
    ジャーナル フリー
    The use of machine-to-machine (M2M) systems has spread among people seeking to connect devices with remote systems via the internet to provide services such as remote maintenance and remote energy management without human intervention. For the access network for M2M systems, not only security and immediacy, but also multi-service connectivity is required, which makes it possible to connect devices with multiple services. In this paper, a M2M proxy communication method is proposed as a communication method that achieves multi-service connectivity and security and immediacy at the same time. In the proposed method, a proxy server located between devices and application servers relays communications among them. In the relay processing, multi-service connectivity of the access network is achieved by performing access or exclusive control to devices. By adopting the M2M proxy communication method, the access network simultaneously provides multi-service connectivity, security and immediacy at low cost without introducing any special scheme into devices.
  • 藤本 晶, 大谷 龍輝
    2012 年 132 巻 4 号 p. 526-530
    発行日: 2012/04/01
    公開日: 2012/04/01
    ジャーナル フリー
    The smell classifiable gas sensor will be desired for many applications such as gas detection alarms, process controls for food production and so on. We have tried to realize the sensor using transient responses of semiconductor gas sensor consisting of tin dioxide and pointed out that the sensor gave us different transient responses for kinds of gas. Results of model calculation showed the activation energy of chemical reaction on the sensor surface strongly depended on the transient response. We tried to estimate the activation energies by molecular orbital calculation with SnO2 Cluster. The results show that there is a liner relationship between the gradient of the transient responses and activation energies for carboxylic and alcoholic gases. Transient response will be predicted from activation energy in the same kind of gas and the smell discrimination by single semiconductor gas sensor will be realized by this relationship.
  • 寺田 真也, 弓場井 一裕, 平井 淳之
    2012 年 132 巻 4 号 p. 531-539
    発行日: 2012/04/01
    公開日: 2012/04/01
    ジャーナル フリー
    This paper proposes the model-free controller tuning method for MIMO systems ensuring closed-loop stability by imposing a set of constraints for discretely defined frequency points. This constraints are defined as a set of convex constraints on maximum singular values of a specific transfer function matrix estimated by spectral analysis. For linearly parameterized controllers, the optimal parameters can be obtained by convex optimization using the acquired I/O data. The resulting controller guarantees to stabilize the plant as the data length tends to infinity. The effectiveness of the proposed method is confirmed by experiments for a tension-and-speed control apparatus which is a two-input two-output system.
  • 浦手 健吾, 瀬古沢 照治
    2012 年 132 巻 4 号 p. 540-547
    発行日: 2012/04/01
    公開日: 2012/04/01
    ジャーナル フリー
    In this paper, the value generated by releasing petroleum reserves at the time of a crude oil price spike is analyzed to show the utility of releasing petroleum reserves. Japan's petroleum reserve currently only releases oil for the purpose of coping with a crude oil supply disruption. However, at present no disruptions to the supply of crude oil are occurring. To determine the value of the petroleum reserve if reserves are released when crude oil price spikes occur, option theory based on financial engineering is used to quantitatively calculate the value of a release into a market with stochastically changing prices. In addition, by examining the value that would have been generated as a function of release price if petroleum reserves had been released at the time of the crude oil price spike of 2008, it is possible to demonstrate the utility of such a release. Furthermore, input-output analysis is used to measure the impact on petrochemical product industries and other industries affected by price increases when crude oil price spikes occur to determine the degree of the price mitigation effect of a petroleum reserve with a release function.
<メディア情報,ユーザ・インタフェース>
  • 武仲 毅知, 田中 敏光, 佐川 雄二
    2012 年 132 巻 4 号 p. 548-554
    発行日: 2012/04/01
    公開日: 2012/04/01
    ジャーナル フリー
    Dirty floors and walls are commonly viewed in the place where many people walk over. Intensity of the grime increases in proportion to the number of people passing through the place. And pattern of the grime changes by the walking speed of the people. Therefore, we increase reality of CG images of floors and walls by the following method. First, motion pass and speed of each person is computed by crowd simulation. Then foot patterns are allocated along the pass after modified according to the speed. If a person walks near a wall, contact to the wall is evaluated. If contact, one grime pattern selected from data base is overwritten on the wall at height decided with the probability distribution function that is measured from sample walls.
  • 梶原 祐輔, 村田 裕章, 木村 春彦, 阿部 孝司
    2012 年 132 巻 4 号 p. 555-560
    発行日: 2012/04/01
    公開日: 2012/04/01
    ジャーナル フリー
    As a communication support tool for cases of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), researches on eye gaze human-computer interfaces have been active. However, since voluntary and involuntary eye movements cannot be distinguished in the interfaces, their performance is still not sufficient for practical use. This paper presents a high performance human-computer interface system which unites high quality recognitions of horizontal directional eye movements and voluntary blinks. The experimental results have shown that the number of incorrect inputs is decreased by 35.1% in an existing system which equips recognitions of horizontal and vertical directional eye movements in addition to voluntary blinks and character inputs are speeded up by 17.4% from the existing system.
  • 後藤 宏毅, 竹村 大輔, 川崎 雄造, 中村 明生
    2012 年 132 巻 4 号 p. 561-569
    発行日: 2012/04/01
    公開日: 2012/04/01
    ジャーナル フリー
    This paper proposes an interface system that enables a user to input and obtain information position-freely within a certain area of the environment with a projector-camera system. Hand-waving detected in the image is used as a cue to start the system, to distinguish gestures based on the user's intension of operation from other daily-life motions, and to specify the position of the user's hand. Hand-waving detection is implemented based on combination of background subtraction method and skin color extraction. In addition, we focus on changes of brightness value in each pixel. The user's hand is tracked using a particle filter algorithm. The user designates the projection area freely on a plane in the environment with his/her hand. The projector mounted on a pan-tilt unit projects information according to the user's designation. Then, the user's fingertip is detected using simple template matching and he/she interacts with the projected information to input commands without any devices. As one of applications, we have developed an interface system to operate electrical appliances (TV) intuitively in a daily life scene.
<音声画像処理・認識>
  • 尾崎 竜史, 佐藤 雄隆, 岩田 健司, 坂上 勝彦
    2012 年 132 巻 4 号 p. 570-583
    発行日: 2012/04/01
    公開日: 2012/04/01
    ジャーナル フリー
    A novel method for image template matching with the robustness for various real-world disturbances is proposed. The method is based on statistical reach feature method. The method utilizes the set of signs of differences for selected pairs of points from the template image. The selection is performed from the statistical view-point. The concrete description of the method is presented plainly. The selection of thresholds in the method is argued. Experiments with various disturbances including illumination change, occlusion, and JPEG noise are shown. The analyses based on the noise models are performed to show theoretical background of the robustness of the method.
<ソフトコンピューティング・学習>
<情報システム,エレクトロニック・コマース>
  • 杉村 博, 松本 一教
    2012 年 132 巻 4 号 p. 592-597
    発行日: 2012/04/01
    公開日: 2012/04/01
    ジャーナル フリー
    This paper proposes a knowledge discovery system from annotated time series data, they are expressed as sequences of numerical values. They generally have a lot of important information in background, but it is not included in data. Analysis methods without background information have limitations. Several studies propose meta data approaches, which is often expressed as a short text, the techniques are insufficient for our purpose. We therefore develop a method that uses annotations which are compact expressions of back ground information. Subsequences obtained by using domain knowledge are organized into groups based on a distance measure. Among the groups some of them are identified as important features. In order to measure importance, we develop a method that uses global and local frequencies of subsequences. This idea is similar to the TF*IDF method, which is used in text mining. A subsequence that represents an important group is regarded as a feature pattern. In addition, we extract association rules over feature patterns and annotations. We introduce a new concept, called max allowance length, to focus only on influential annotations to a pattern. We demonstrate an effect of the proposed method by using financial data.
<情報処理・ソフトウェア>
  • 吉田 利夫
    2012 年 132 巻 4 号 p. 598-608
    発行日: 2012/04/01
    公開日: 2012/04/01
    ジャーナル フリー
    For the mechatronics equipment controller that controls robots and machine tools, high-speed motion control processing is essential. The software system of the controller like other embedded systems is composed of three layers software such as real-time kernel layer, middleware layer, and application software layer on the dedicated hardware. The application layer in the top layer is composed of many numbers of tasks, and application function of the system is realized by the cooperation between these tasks.
    In this paper we propose an internal data non-hiding type real-time kernel in which customizing the task control is possible only by change in the program code of the task side without any changes in the program code of real-time kernel.
    It is necessary to reduce the overhead caused by the real-time kernel task control for the speed-up of the motion control of the mechatronics equipment. For this, customizing the task control function is needed. We developed internal data non-cryptic type real-time kernel ZRK to evaluate this method, and applied to the control of the multi system automatic lathe. The effect of the speed-up of the task cooperation processing was able to be confirmed by combined task control processing on the task side program code using an internal data non-hiding type real-time kernel ZRK.
  • 作道 勇樹, 秋吉 政徳, 鮫島 正樹, 岡 宏憲
    2012 年 132 巻 4 号 p. 609-614
    発行日: 2012/04/01
    公開日: 2012/04/01
    ジャーナル フリー
    This paper discusses how to detect the inquiry e-mails corresponding to pre-defined FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions). Web-based interactions such as order and registration form on a Web page are usually provided with their FAQ pages for helping a user. However, most users submit their inquiry e-mails without checking such pages. This causes a help desk operator to process lots of e-mails even if some contents match FAQs. Automatic detecting of such e-mails is proposed based on SVM (Support Vector Machine) and specific Jaccard coefficient based on positive and negative already-received inquiry e-mails. Experimental results show its effectiveness, and we also discuss future work to improve our method.
資料
<生体医工学・福祉工学>
  • 檮木 智彦, 若松 秀俊
    2012 年 132 巻 4 号 p. 615-622
    発行日: 2012/04/01
    公開日: 2012/04/01
    ジャーナル フリー
    A new automatic controller of brain temperature was developed based on the inevitable conditions of its clinical use from the viewpoint of various kinds of feasibility, in particular, electric power consumption of less than 1,500W in ICU. The adaptive algorithm was employed to cope with individual time-varying characteristic change of patients. The controller under water-surface cooling hypothermia requires much power for the frequent regulation of the water temperature of cooling blankets. Thus, in this study, the power consumption of the controller was checked by several kinds of examinations involving the control simulation of brain temperature using a mannequin with thermal characteristics similar to that of adult patients.
    The required accuracy of therapeutic brain hypothermia, i.e. control deviation within ±0.1C was experimentally confirmed using “root mean square of the control error”, despite the present controller consumes less energy comparing with the one in the case of our conventional controller, where it can still keeps remaining power margin more than 300W even in the full operation. Thereby, the clinically required water temperature was also confirmed within the limit of power supply, thus its practical application is highly expected with less physical burden of medical staff inclusive of more usability and more medical cost performance.
研究開発レター
<情報システム,エレクトロニック・コマース>
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