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Volume 43 (1993)
- Issue 5 Pages 636-
- Issue 3 Pages 254-
- Issue 2 Pages 144-
- Issue 1 Pages 2-
Volume 43, Issue 3
Displaying 1-13 of 13 articles from this issue
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Naoki NARITA1993 Volume 43 Issue 3 Pages 254-264
Published: July 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe present study was undertaken to determine the fluoride distribution profile with age in the femur of rat.
Fifty-four female Wistar rats were used for the experiment. Six rats were killed under chloroform anesthesia at 4 weeks of age before the experiment. The other forty-eight rats were divided into two groups; one was a control group given distilled water and the other was a fluoride group given water containing 100ppm of fluoride. Six rats from each of the groups were killed at the ages of 6, 12, 24 and 48 weeks.
The fluoride distribution in the cortical thighbone was analyzed from periosteum to the endosteum by abrasive micro-sampling. The results obtained were as follows:
1) The fluoride concentration in the bone of the distilled water drinking group increased slowly with age. The fluoride distribution in the cortical bone was low and flat from the periosteum to the endosteum until the age of 12 weeks.
For the rats in the distilled drinking water group that were aged 24 weeks and older, the fluoride concentration in the periosteum and endosteum was a little higher than in the middle region of the femur.
2) The fluoride concentration in the bone of the rats that drank 100ppm fluoride containing water increased markedly with age. In the 6 week old fluoride group, the fluoride concentration in the endosteal region was higher than in the periosteal region. The fluoride profile was non-symmetrical.
At the age of 12 weeks, the fluoride concentration in the periosteal region increased gradually.
After the age of 24 weeks, the fluoride profile in the bone changed from a non-symmetrical to a symmetrical U-shaped pattern.
At the age of 48 weeks, the fluoride concentration in the periosteum was significantly higher than in the endosteum.
3) The age-dependent increase in bone fluoride was similar to the age-related increases in body weight and bone length.View full abstractDownload PDF (2018K) -
II. Relationship between Caries Increment and Life Style in 1.5-year-old Children with and without CariesKunio KAWABATA, Hisako SASAHARA, Masaharu MIYAGI, Makoto KAWAMURA, Mas ...1993 Volume 43 Issue 3 Pages 265-271
Published: July 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study was to extract the factors which affect the caries increment between 1.5 and 3 years of age by dividing the subjects into two groups, one with and the other without caries at 1.5 years of age.
The subjects were 1641 children who received a 3-year-old dental health examination at a public health center in Hiroshima City between April 1990 and November 1991.
Eight factors associated with caries prevalence at 3 years of age were examined using multivariate analysis. These factors were ‘Family type’, ‘Order of birth’, ‘Interruption of breast feeding’, ‘Bottle feeding at 1.5 years of age’, ‘Regularity of between-meal snacks’, ‘Drinking sugary beverages’, ‘Watching TV at meals’ and ‘Tooth brushing with mother's help’.
The results were as follows.
1) The factors related to caries increment from 1.5 to 3 years of age for the children without caries at 1.5 years of age were ‘Drinking sugary beverages’, ‘Interruption of breast feeding’, ‘Watching TV at meals’ and ‘Bottle feeding at 1.5 years of age’, and for the children with caries at 1.5 years of age the factor was ‘Tooth brushing with mother's help’.
2) We suggest that more efficient dental health guidance should be given at a 1.5-year-old dental health examination.
3) The screening method with the eight variables was valid for prediction of caries increment in the children with caries, but not in the children without caries.View full abstractDownload PDF (1360K) -
Daisuke HINODE, Atsushi NAGATA, Seiko ICHIMIYA, Hiroyuki HAYASHI, Masa ...1993 Volume 43 Issue 3 Pages 272-281
Published: July 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study was to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of gingival inflammation and the factors influencing its prevalence in first-year junior high school students. A survey of gingival inflammation evaluated by PMA index was conducted on 731 students of 6 schools in Tokushima Prefecture and the influencing factors obtained by questionnaire were analyzed.
The results were summarized as follows.
1. The prevalence of gingival inflammation was 96.4% and the PMA index showed a significant relationship to the plaque accumulation (DI-M) or calculus deposition.
2. The average PMA index of boys was higher than that of girls statistically.
3. The value of PMA index was strongly related to all factors of habitual tooth-bushing and “Regularity of between-meal eating”.
4. Using multivariant analysis, it was found that the factors related to PMA index were “Frequency of tooth-brushing” in boys and “Mouth-cleaning after between-meal eating” as well as “Frequency of tooth-brushing” in girls.View full abstractDownload PDF (1755K) -
Hisako SASAHARA, Makoto KAWAMURA, Masaharu MIYAGI, Tatsuji YAMAMURA, Y ...1993 Volume 43 Issue 3 Pages 282-289
Published: July 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study was to examine the dental health behavior and the oral status of mothers with young children. This study was undertaken from 1987 (July) to 1992 (March) at a community health center in Hiroshima. The subjects were 4329 mothers (mean age 29.5 yrs) who attended on the days of dental health checkups for 18-month-olds. The subjects answered the HU-DBI questionnaire (maximum score: 12), an instrument for assessing dental health behavior, and their oral status was examined employing the Oral Rating Index (ORI: +2--2). The main results were as follows:
1. The mean score of the HU-DBI was 4.92.
2. Only 11% of the mothers were judged as having ‘excellent (+2) ’ oral health. Twenty-seven per cent had ‘very poor (-2) ’ or ‘poor (-1) ’ periodontal status.
3. Significant correlation was found between the HU-DBI score and the ORI score in each year.
4. The dental health behavior and the oral status of mothers tended to get better with the years.
5. It took about twenty seconds to evaluate the dental health behavior and the oral status of mothers by the scoring system of the HU-DBI and the ORI.
Therefore this seems to be a good system for use at community health centers.View full abstractDownload PDF (1479K) -
Etsuko ISHIZU, Mizuo KANI, Atsunori ISOZAKI, Hirohisa SHINTANI, Tamie ...1993 Volume 43 Issue 3 Pages 290-297
Published: July 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: November 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn epidemiological study must be evaluated by exact diagnosis. It is necessary to analyze and standardize the form of the explorer point for the credibility and standardization of dental caries diagnosis. In this study, we carried out a mass dental examination using 25 new explorers and investigated the changes in the explorer points, analyzing the form by measuring area, length, and curvature.
Photographs of the explorer points were taken as two-dimensional images with a stereomicroscope and a system of microscope photography. Area and length of the explorer from a point 0.262mm in diameter to the tip were measured with a computer analyzed image apparatus. Twelve points of the explorer contour were plotted from the tip to 0.05mm in length on the coordinates supposing that X-axis was the diameter line and Y-axis was the center line of the diameter, and acquiring the curvature by applying the function of the upper side circle. Curvature showed the degree of the sharpness of the explorer. The average change and the interexaminer changes on the explorer point were investigated relative to the examination times from the results of measured area, length, and curvature before and after 5, 10, and 20 examinations. Area and length decreased with increase of the examination times, and the slope of the regression line of the examination times differed according to the examiner. We suggest that our analyzing method is useful for judging the form of the explorer.View full abstractDownload PDF (1418K) -
Etsuko ISHIZU1993 Volume 43 Issue 3 Pages 298-312
Published: July 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCaries diagnosis can be carried out with high precision and reproducibility if we standardize the form of the explorer point. In this study I analyzed factors influencing the form of the explorer point and investigated the possibility of the standardization, 1) Change in the form of the explorer point was studied by a simulated dental examination using a jaw model mounted with glass teeth. 2) A wear test was done using the glass teeth for touching. 3) the examination pressure was measured. In study 1) and 2), the form of the explorer point was expressed as a quantity using the area, the length, and the curvature as parameters. The area and the length of the explorer point was measured by analyzed image apparatus, and the curvature was calculated by the formula of curvature. Then the diameter line was defined as the X-axis and perpendicular line passing the median of the diameter as the Y-axis. 13 points were plotted on the external form line of the explorer point using tracing section paper, and these points were accorded a biquadratic function.
The following conclusions were reached. (1) There was a rectilinear proportionate relation between change in the form of the explorer point and the number of simulated dental examinations, and number of touches in the wear test as well. Terefore, the change in the form of the explorer point was expressed by a first functional expression even if the dental examination factor was excluded. (2) Change in the form of the explorer point was in proportion to the touching pressure in the wear test, but this was not in proportion to the examination pressure in the dental examination. Consequently not only the examination pressure but also the examination method influenced the changes. (3) Change in the form of the explorer point for the dental examination was difficult to express with the examination pressure and number of times, but it could be estimated if the examination method was standardized and training in this method was, or given this method was quantitized. Therefore it would be possible to standardize the form of the explorer point if detailed factor analyisis was done using this method.View full abstractDownload PDF (2679K) -
Manami OKAZAKI, Rie WATANABE, Akira ISHIKAWA, Manabu MORITA, Tatsuo WA ...1993 Volume 43 Issue 3 Pages 313-318
Published: July 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe correlation between marginal adaptation of fixed prostheses and root caries was studied on 696 extracted teeth. Marginal adaptation was measured by the width of the gap between the prosthesis and the tooth. Marginal misfit was defined as a vertical gap of more than 0.1mm using Hu-Friedy #8 explorer or a horizontal gap of more than 0.5mm using a WHO probe.
The results were as follows:
1) 97.3% of the prostheses had misfit margins.
2) 71.8% of the teeth with prostheses suffered from root caries.
3) The teeth with misfit margins had significantly higher prevalence of root caries than those with fit margins.
4) The root caries with prostheses was found on all tooth surfaces. These results were different from the root caries without prostheses, which showed high prevalence at proximal surfaces.View full abstractDownload PDF (1089K) -
Minoru OKUDA, Hirohisa SHINTANI, Kohji OZAWA, Mizuo KANI, Tokuko KANI1993 Volume 43 Issue 3 Pages 319-330
Published: July 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo identify dental hospital climate and environmental problems, the temperature, humidity, air flow, number of persons, opened windows, and outlets of functional air-conditioner were measured for 2 years in orthodontics, pedodontics, restoration, and prosthetics clinics at Asahi University dental hospital. Analytical points were as follows: 1. chronological changes caused by the clinic climatic and environmental factors, 2. classification of the clinics according to climatic and environmental factors by cluster analysis, and 3, the degree of influence of emvironmental factors on the clinic climate by partial correlation analysis.
The following conclusions were obtained.
1. Temperature was 17.1-27.2°C, humidity was 38.4-73.9%, and air flow was 0.09-0.31m/sec. in middle-sized clinics, and these factors were 19.6-28.3°C, 22.9-60.6%, and 0.09-0.31m/sec. in large clinics.
2. Humidity was high when the conditioner was not operating, but was low in winter because of excessive heating with the air-conditioner.
3. Four dental clinics were classified into two groups by cluster analysis. Cluster analysis is a useful method for classifying the dental clinics by climatic and environmental factors.
4. By partial correlation analysis, we found that varying climate and emvironmental facters affected the clinic climate.
As a result, we suggest that operating the air-conditioner in all seasons is necessary in order to obtain amenable conditions in dental clinics.View full abstractDownload PDF (2147K) -
Hirohisa SHINTANI, Minoru OKUDA, Kohji OZAWA, Mizuo KANI, Tokuko KANI1993 Volume 43 Issue 3 Pages 331-344
Published: July 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe aim of this study was to identify dental hospital air pollution and environmental problems. In a previous study, climatic factors (temperature, humidity, air flow) and environmental factors (number of persons, opened windows, outlets of functioning air-conditioner) were measured for 2 years in 4 clinics at the Asahi University dental hospital. Airborne bacteria were detected with a SY type pin hole sampler (SY method) and Koch's dropping method (Koch method) at the time of measuring the climatic and environmental factors described above.
Analyses were performed regarding three points, namely, chronological changes in number of airborne bacteria colonies caused by the clinic, evaluation of correlations between the number of airborne bacteria by the SY method and by the Koch method, and the number of airborne bacteria outside and inside the clinics, and multiple regression analysis of the climatic and emvironmental factors affecting airborne bacterial colonies in the clinic, to estimate the equation of multiple regression.
The following conclusions were obtained,
1. The airborne bacterial count was from 0.05 to 1.20 colony forming units (CFU) per liter with the SY method and 0.48 to 4.23 with the Koch method in the middle-sized clinics, and from 0.05 to 0.58 CFU per liter with the SY method and 0.47 to 2.32 with the Koch method in the large clinics.
2. The operation of the air-conditioner and the number of persons affected the chronological changes in number of airborne bacterial colonies in the clinics.
3. The correlation between the number of airborne bacteria detected with the SY method and that detected with the Koch method had a high coefficient of 0.644 (the middle-sized clinics) and 0.600 (the large clinics).
4. The correlation between the number of airborne bacteria outdoors and that inside the clinics was not significant.
5. The degree of influence of climatic and environmental factors on the number of airborne bacteria was quantified by the multiple regression analysis. We believe that the linear multiple regression equation can be used to estimate the number of airborne bacteria in the dental clinic on real time.View full abstractDownload PDF (2469K) -
Daisuke INABA, Okiuji TAKAGI1993 Volume 43 Issue 3 Pages 345-351
Published: July 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe oral health status of 144 institutionalized severely handicapped persons was studied. The parameters assessed were dental caries, OHI-S, gingival hyperplasia, and gingival index newly modified by us (GI modified).
The main results were as follows:
1. Prevalence of dental caries in the subjects was significantly lower than in the National Survey of Dental Health (1987).
2. Severe deposits of dental calculus was observed in teenagers and progressed as the subjects aged.
3. Progressed periodontal disease was detected in teenagers and most of the subjects in their 30s and 40s had severe periodontitis.
4. The prevalence rate of gingival hyperplasia was 47% in the subjects who had received phenytoin medication.
5. Phenytoin medication had no relation with periodontal status or OHI-S.
6. Also, the severity of gingival hyperplasia had no correlation with duration of phenytoin therapy in the hospital, periodontal status, or OHI-S.
In conclusion, it is necessary to establish a dental health system for severely handicapped persons especially for the improvement and prevention of periodontal disease.View full abstractDownload PDF (1432K) -
Takaichi ISAKA, Satoshi HAYASHI, Kenji KANEKO, Noriko TONOGI, Satomi N ...1993 Volume 43 Issue 3 Pages 352-356
Published: July 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect on absorbing brushing force of a FN toothbrush designed by the authors. Forty seven volunteers, male and female, from 22 years to 44 years of age, participated in the experiment. Each volunteer brushed his or her four buccal surfaces of the posterior teeth by the scrub method with four different toothbrushes of various neck flexibilities. Brushing force was measured by recording the strain of the neck surface with a strain gage during brushing and the strain was expressed as brushing force. The results were as follows:
1) The brushing force using the FN toothbrush with the largest neck flexibility in the tested toothbrushes was absorbed significantly more than in other toothbrushes (p<0.01).
2) Based on brushing force data described in 1), the percentages of absorbing brushing force over the brushing force of B toothbrush with the least neck flexibility, were calculated. The effect on absorbing brushing force was 11.1 % for the FN toothbrush, 3.7% for the W toothbrush and -2.8% for the R toothbrush.
3) Subjects were divided into three groups depending on the brushing force level using the B toothbrush. The percentage of absorbed brushing force of the FN toothbrush was 8.9 % in the low group, 7.8% in the proper group and 15.1% in the high group which needed to reduce brushing force.View full abstractDownload PDF (1484K) -
Susumu TANAKA1993 Volume 43 Issue 3 Pages 357-368
Published: July 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAlthough fluoride has been widely used for caries prevention in various ways, attention is now being paid to the use of toothpaste containing fluoride for caries control.
The inhibition of decalcification and the remineralization of initial carious lesions should be promoted by the continuous presence of fluoride derived from toothpaste in dental plaque and saliva.
In this study, I assessed the effects of toothpaste containing 100 or 250 ppmF- as NaF on the fluoride level in the oral environment, on selected organic acids in plaque, and on the number of bacteria in plaque.
The results obtained were as follows:
1) Fluoride concentration in both plaque and saliva was increased significantly by the use of fluoride-containing toothpastes (p<0.05).
2) With 250 ppmF- toothpaste the fluoride concentration in plaque and saliva was higher than that obtained when 100 ppmF- tooth paste was used. However, these levels decreased to almost the original levels after 60 minutes. Therefore, the oral clearance of fluoride is apparently rapid.
3) Acid production in plaque was inhibited significantly by the use of fluoride-containing toothpastes (p<0.001).
4) When the 250ppmF- toothpaste was used for 5 days, the bacterial number in plaque tended to decrease.
5) These data suggest that fluoride-containing toothpaste could prevent caries incidence even at a concentration as low as 100 or 250 ppmF-.View full abstractDownload PDF (2193K) -
Masatoshi YANO, Yuichi ANDO, Seigo KOBAYASHI, Kin-ichi HORII, Kazuo IS ...1993 Volume 43 Issue 3 Pages 369-376
Published: July 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of factors influencing masticatory ability in adults. We examined adults from 18 to 86 years of age living in Yasuda Town, Niigata Prefecture. For subjective assessment of masticatory ability, we obtained data from 336 subjects about the food group in which subjects could chew all foods well, using the assessment chart of masticatory efficiency developed by Yamamoto. For objective assessment of masticatory ability, the amount of sugar elution from a piece of chewing gum was measured in 252 subjects who chewed the gum 100 times. In these assessments, subjects who ordinarily used dentures were tested without dentures.
A stepwise multiple regression analysis was performed using 10 independent variables when explaining the food group in which subjects could chew all foods well, and using 11 independent variables when explaining the amounts of sugar elution.
The results showed that the 5 statistically significant variables of the food group in which subjects could chew all foods well, listed in order of the values of the standardized partial regression coefficient were: ‘Number of missing teeth’, -0.671; ‘Using dentures ordinarily’, -0.182; ‘Knowlege of one's own general health’, -0.103; ‘Having jaw or oral pain excluding toothaches’, -0.081; and ‘Having loose teeth’, -0.061 (multiple correlation coefficient R=0.833, p<0.001). The 2 statistically significant variables of the amounts of sugar elution were: ‘Number of missing teeth’, -0.722; and ‘Amount of time required to chew a piece of gum 100 times’, 0.260 (multiple correlation coefficient R=0.668, p<0.001).
It was concluded that the number of missing teeth was the factor with the highest standardized partial regression coefficient influencing masticatory ability both in subjective and objective assessments.View full abstractDownload PDF (1624K)
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