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Volume 38 (1988)
- Issue 5 Pages 622-
- Issue 3 Pages 276-
- Issue 2 Pages 172-
- Issue 1 Pages 2-
Volume 38, Issue 3
Displaying 1-14 of 14 articles from this issue
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Yoshinobu MAKI, Anna-Lisa BJÖRN, Birger RICKARDSSON1988 Volume 38 Issue 3 Pages 276-283
Published: 1988
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
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Hitomi WAKIZAKA, Itsuo UEDA, Emiko ISOGAI, Hiroko MIURA, Nobuyoshi ITO ...1988 Volume 38 Issue 3 Pages 284-288
Published: 1988
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study was to elucidate 19 enzymatic activities in whole mixed saliva and their changes in men without oral hygiene.
Ten healthy, unmedicated male students with excellent oral hygiene and clinically normal gingiva, between the ages of 22 and 26 years, were the experimental subjects. At the start of the experimental period, whole mixed saliva and parotid saliva were collected and the clinical parameters were recorded for each of them. Then, the experimental no-cleansing period of 7 days was started, and whole mixed saliva was collected and the clinical parameters were recorded every day. Enzymatic activities were determined using API ZYM systems (MONTALIEU VERCIEU, France).
Alkaline phosphatase, butyrate esterase, caprylate esterase-lipase, myristate lipase, leucine aminopeptidase, valine aminopeptidase, and trypsin activities in whole mixed saliva supernatant were significantly higher at the end of the no-cleansing period than at the start of experiment. Myristate lipase, valine aminopeptidase, and trypsin were detected in whole mixed saliva sediment, but not in parotid saliva. This suggests that these enzyme activities in whole mixed saliva are useful in estimating the oral hygiene status.View full abstractDownload PDF (741K) -
Gakuji ITO, Toshihide HIROSE, Naohiko INOUE1988 Volume 38 Issue 3 Pages 289-295
Published: 1988
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSince the chewing gum method (Ozawa et al. 1959, Hada 1977) was thought to be suitable for measuring masticatory ability from infants to aged subjects in field studies, its methodology and characteristics were investigated.
1. Concrete methodology for application of this method in field studies was established.
2. It was ascertained that the masticatory ability of even 3-year-old infants could be measured with this method.
3. Since the amount of sugar elution from chewing gum was related to the strength and rhythm of mastication, it was considered an indicator of the chewing ability of individuals.
4. The amount of sugar elution showed a relation with the type of occlusion in 3-year-old infants, but not in adult subjects.View full abstractDownload PDF (1234K) -
With Special Reference of Cadmium Contents in Saliva and Used Mouth Rinse of Cadmium WorkersYuji SUYAMA1988 Volume 38 Issue 3 Pages 296-312
Published: 1988
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper reports on the evaluation of cadmium exposure level from Cd contents in mixed saliva and used mouth rinse, by measuring Cd levels in mixed saliva of Cd-workers (Ni-Cd battery factory) and non-exposed persons as controls, in used mouth rinse, in the air of work area, and in blood and urine as a biological index of cadmium. The relationship between cadmium levels in mixed saliva from cadmium workers and those in the air of the work area was statistically significant, and therefore, cadmium levels in mixed saliva were used to monitor the work area and as an index of exposure levels of workers.
It was found that cadmium particles in the air of the work area adhered to floating dust of 1-5 μm. Since dust of that size is likely to stay in the oral cavity, dust-cadmium particles in mixed saliva of workers were removed by centrifuging and cadmium levels in the supernatant fluid of mixed saliva were measured. I believe that cadmium levels in supernatant fluid of mixed saliva were more useful as an index of biological absorption than levels in whole mixed saliva.
In addition, I measured cadmium levels in used mouth rinse from the same cadmium workers. I found that cadmium levels in the used mouth rinse were directly affected by the environmental cadmium levels of the work area and showed a correlation with the cadmium levels in the urine.
Therefore, it was clear that cadmium levels in mixed saliva and in used mouth rinse from cadmium workers could be used to monitor exposure.View full abstractDownload PDF (8100K) -
Takeshi KONDO, Hisahide HIGUCHI, Takashi NAKANE, Kaoru KASAHARA, Mitsu ...1988 Volume 38 Issue 3 Pages 313-318
Published: 1988
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCommercial diets for rats and mice contain 9-30 ppm of fluoride. It is not clear how much when fluoride accumulates in bones and teeth of mice when they eat these diets for their lifetime. We began our study with 40 mice and killed 10 mice every 6 months to determine the fluoride in them. The mean fluoride concentration in teeth of 10 mice was 115.1 ppm before the experiment and it increased to 188.6 ppm at 78 weeks after beginning the study.
In the parietal bone and femur the concentration was about 200 ppm before the experiment. Mean concentration of fluoride in parietal bone increased to 834.4 ppm at 78 weeks after beginning the study, and the mean concentration in the femur increased to 601.8 ppm.
In conclusion, fluoride contained in the diet accumulated remarkably in bones and teeth during the feeding period.View full abstractDownload PDF (1120K) -
Chyuzo MIYAZAWA, Miwako KOKUBUN, Masaki KIKUCHI, Setsuo HAMADA, Yoshik ...1988 Volume 38 Issue 3 Pages 319-327
Published: 1988
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe Macrophage activation and cytotoxicity of cell components of Gram-negative Bacteroides gingivalis and Gram-positive Actinomyces viscosus, which are considered to be closely connected with the etiology of periodontal diseases, were examined.
Veillonella parvula, Streptococcus mutans, and Lactobacillus casei were also evaluated in addition to the above two species. The bacteria were cultured by routine procedures, and the whole bacteria were collected, sonicated, and centrifuged, and the supernatant was fractioned by gel-filtration using Sephadex G-200. Each of these cell components was added to the macrophage and bone-powder culture system, and the glucose consumption and osteolytic activity of macrophages, and the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level increase in the culture supernatant were determined daily.
Bacteroides gingivalis increased, but Actinomyces viscosus reduced, the glucose consumption of the macrophage and bone-powder system. Similar changes were observed also in the osteolyticaction. The LDH level in the culture supernatant was markedly increased by the addition of cell components of Veillonella parvula, suggesting cytotoxicity of the bacteria. Among the gelfiltration fractions of the supernatant of sonicated Bacteroides gingivalis, those near the protein peak increased the glucose consumption. Most of the gel-filtration fractions of Veillonella parvula increased the LDH level.View full abstractDownload PDF (5293K) -
Yoshikazu HASHIMOTO, Seiichi OKUMURA, Cyhuzo MIYAZAWA, Tokio SHIMIZU1988 Volume 38 Issue 3 Pages 328-336
Published: 1988
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
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Fumiko OZAKI, Kayoko SHINADA, Keiko ODAGIRI, Shogoro OKADA, Kiyomitsu ...1988 Volume 38 Issue 3 Pages 337-347
Published: 1988
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMagnolol and Honochiol were administrated to hamsters in diet and water. This mixture was made up of 400 μg per gram in Diet #2000 and 200μg per ml in water for the test group ration.
After inoculation with S. mutans #10449, the experimental group was fed the experimental diet and water, and the control group was fed Diet #2000 and distilled water. After 60 days on the diet and water, the animals were killed and the plaque and caries scores were taken. The plaque score decreased in the experimental group compared to the control group significantly (p<0.05). The caries score in the experimental group was less than in the control group (p <0.05-0.10). The first and second molars had more effective plaque and caries reduction than the third molars. It appeared that the effects of this agent are so mild, that only the tooth surfaces exposed regularly to it were affected.View full abstractDownload PDF (2006K) -
Masanori HASHIMOTO, Sayuri HASHIMOTO, Masaki HASHIMOTO, Tohru HANAOKA, ...1988 Volume 38 Issue 3 Pages 348-357
Published: 1988
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt has been noted by some investigators that lead is present in enamel and dentin of deciduous teeth, but there are no data on lead levels in deciduous teeth in Japanese.
It was reported that most air pollution in the past was caused by exhaust gas from motor vehicles and lead levels in air were very high in large cities. As a result, tetraethyl lead has been restricted as a gasoline additive since 1975 in Japan. We present an investigation of lead levels in decidous teeth, which are considered greatly influenced by lead. We have tried to find out how lead levels in enamel and dentin of deciduous teeth in Tokyo change among two groups of children of different birth generations. Lead levels were determined by Zeeman effect flameless atomic absorption spectrometry.
The results were as follows:
1) Since the restriction of tetraethyl lead as a gasoline additive was put into practice, lead levels in enamel of deciduous teeth in Tokyo have been reduced. The geometric mean of lead levels in enamel of deciduous teeth from the group born in 1976-1980 (1.03μg/g) was significantly lower than in the other group born in 1962-1965 (3.08μg/g). There was a reduction of 79.4% in deciduous incisors, 61.9% in canines, and 59.0% in molars.
2) Lead levels in dentin of deciduous teeth in Tokyo have also been reduced. The geometric mean of lead levels in dentin of deciduous teeth from the group born in 1976-1980 (1.27μg/g) was significantly lower than in the other group born in 1962-1965 (3.37μg/g). There was a reduction of 71.1% in deciduous incisors, 46.1% in canines, and 58.3% in molars.
3) Significant correlation was observed between the lead in enamel and dentin of decidious teeth.
4) This indicates that lead absorption in a body is marking a decline after starting the restriction.View full abstractDownload PDF (2052K) -
Masao NISHIMURA, Masanori HASHIMOTO, Yuji SUYAMA, Satoru TAKAKU1988 Volume 38 Issue 3 Pages 358-360
Published: 1988
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
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Yasuo HIRAYAMA, Fumiko OZAKI, Mitsuo KISHI, Shogoro OKADA1988 Volume 38 Issue 3 Pages 361-363
Published: 1988
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
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Tokuko KANI, Mizuo KANI, Atsunori ISOZAKI, Hirohisa KATO, Yukinobu FUK ...1988 Volume 38 Issue 3 Pages 364-366
Published: 1988
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS -
1988 Volume 38 Issue 3 Pages 372a
Published: 1988
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (218K) -
1988 Volume 38 Issue 3 Pages 372b
Published: 1988
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (218K)
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