JOURNAL OF DENTAL HEALTH
Online ISSN : 2189-7379
Print ISSN : 0023-2831
ISSN-L : 0023-2831
Volume 60, Issue 5
Displaying 1-6 of 6 articles from this issue
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
  • Katsuhiko TAURA, Jun AIDA, Yuichi ANDOU, Satoru HARESAKU, Chieko TAGUC ...
    Article type: Article
    2010 Volume 60 Issue 5 Pages 556-562
    Published: October 30, 2010
    Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2018
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In January 2003, the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare notified the prefectural governors of the guideline on fluoride mouth-rinsing, including a recommendation that a school-based fluoride mouth-rinsing program be implemented to prevent and control dental caries in children. "Health Japan 21", a set of objectives for health promotion in the period 2001-2010, including the target of dental health, and the "8020 Movement," a special program to help people to keep 20 or more of their own teeth until the age of 80, had been developed before notification of this guideline. We examined how these national policies have impacted the spread of the school-based fluoride mouth-rinsing program among prefectures. A total of 674,141 children participated in the program in the 2008 survey, and about one-fourth of the prefectures have increased the rate of school-based fluoride mouth rinsing since the implementation of these strategies. Multilevel analysis was applied using the survey year as level 1 and prefectural variation as level 2 based on the rate of prefectural school-based fluoride mouth rinsing from 1994 to 2008 as an objective variable, and significant differences were recognized between the years investigated and among the prefectures. There was a yearly increase in the execution rate of 0.48% on average prior to notification of the guideline on fluoride mouth rinsing and an estimated additional 1.31% increase per year after the notification. Therefore, it was suggested that the guideline for fluoride mouth rinsing had a significant impact on the spread of school-based fluoride mouth rinsing, and it was concluded that the national policy played an important role in the promotion of dental health.
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  • Takahiro KUMAGAMI, Koichi SHIMIZU, Koei IGARASHI, Nobuhiro TAKAHASHI
    Article type: Article
    2010 Volume 60 Issue 5 Pages 563-568
    Published: October 30, 2010
    Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2018
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    While the pH-lowering activity and ammonia productivity of dental plaque are known to be associated with caries, the association with periodontal diseases is not clear. Thus, the pH-lowering activity and ammonia concentration of dental plaque were compared between teeth with and without periodontitis. Plaque samples (approximately 2.4μL) were obtained from marginal areas of sound buccal surfaces of upper first or second permanent molars of 71 subjects, and the probing depth (PD) and bleeding on probing (BOP) of the same tooth were recorded. Samples were measured for minimum pH after glucose addition and ammonia concentration. The ammonia concentration in subjects with PD&ge;3mm and BOP(+)(6.81±3.22mM) was significantly higher than in subjects with PD&ge;3mm and BOP(-)(3.50±2.38mM) and subjects with PD<3mm and BOP(-)(2.92±2.23mM). The minimum pH was in the order of subjects with PD&ge;3mm and BOP(+)(5.28±0.57), PD&ge;3mm and BOP(-)(5.54±0.74), and PD<3mm and BOP(-)(5.75±0.76), although there was no significant difference between subject groups. In addition, the ammonia concentration was weakly correlated with the minimum pH in each subject group. Marginal plaque from teeth with PD&ge;3mm and/or BOP(+) contained a significantly higher concentration of ammonia, indicating that periodontitis increases the ammonia level in marginal plaque. The inverse association between the ammonia concentration and minimum pH may be due to the metabolic characteristics of microbial flora in marginal dental plaque.
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  • Hisako SASAHARA, Fumiko HAYASHI, Mitsugi OKADA, Atsushi SHIMAZU, Makot ...
    Article type: Article
    2010 Volume 60 Issue 5 Pages 569-574
    Published: October 30, 2010
    Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2018
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Elementary as well as junior and senior high schools in Japan have school dentists, who employ preventive measures and offer health guidance against oral diseases. However, school dentists sometimes need the help of other dentists for dental health checkups at schools, and examination standards for oral diseases may be lacking. It may be difficult to carry out dental checkups at schools, since dentists often have to examine the oral cavities of seated students under poor-lighting conditions. The aim of this study was to evaluate examination errors in a dental health checkup at a school, using data from a checkup in a secondary school of Hiroshima Prefecture. As a result, the number of DF teeth decreased in 306 of all 1,075 cases. However, this reduced number of DF teeth might be mostly caused by examination errors concerning F teeth, and less so by those of D teeth. In addition, it was suggested that a small percentage were not advised to undergo additional examination in the dental office when such advice would have been appropriate. Namely, the pseudo-negative rate might be only a few percent in this study. There is no screening without pseudo-negatives. Therefore, the dental checkup performed in this study might be adequate as a screening method.
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  • Saori FUNAYAMA, Kayoko ITO, Kaname NOHNO, Atsuko IGARASHI, Makoto INOU ...
    Article type: Article
    2010 Volume 60 Issue 5 Pages 575-583
    Published: October 30, 2010
    Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2018
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Objective: One of the main causes of subjective oral dryness in the elderly is the side effects of medication. In addition, the elderly's tolerance to stress is low, and stress may induce many symptoms including mouth dryness. Thus, it is necessary to examine their psychological well-being. However, few reports have considered the relationship between subjective oral dryness and psychological well-being. Furthermore, few reports have examined subjective oral dryness, medication use, and psychological well-being simultaneously. The purpose of this study was to investigate the rate of subjective oral dryness and effects of psychological well-being and medication in the elderly. Methods: A questionnaire survey and interview concerning subjective oral dryness, medication use, and psychological symptoms were conducted involving 398 elderly aged 77-78 years old in Japan. The rates of the side effect of subjective oral dryness caused by medication and drug efficacy were investigated using the book 'Drugs in Japan'. The Japanese version of a general health questionnaire (GHQ 30), a self-entry type questionnaire, was used to evaluate psychological well-being. The elderly with scores greater than 7 points were defined as having psychological symptoms. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the effects of medication and psychological well-being on the subjective oral dryness. Results: Overall, 60.4%, reported dryness of the mouth, 27.6% had psychological symptoms, and 72.3% were prescribed medication. The mode number of medications was 2.0. On logistic regression analysis, significant relationships were noted for psychological symptoms (odds ratio: 2.059, p<0.05) and the frequency of medication (odds ratio: 2.552, p<0.05). Psychological symptoms appear to be the main factor related to subjective oral dryness as a side effect of medication in the elderly.
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  • Tatsuo YAMAMOTO, Tohru YAMAGUCHI, Hiroshi TANEICHI, Hideto OGAWA, Tohr ...
    Article type: Article
    2010 Volume 60 Issue 5 Pages 584-590
    Published: October 30, 2010
    Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2018
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The validity of the self-assessment of periodontal disease using a brochure developed by Kanagawa Prefecture and Kanagawa Dental Association was evaluated involving a total of 104 subjects (78 males, 26 females) aged 22-68 years, who participated in a dental check-up in their workplace. The subjects answered 6 questions: 40 years old or older (25 points), bleeding on toothbrushing (10 points), gingival swelling (20 points), mobile teeth (10 points), difficulty in chewing hard food (20 points), and smoking (15 points), and assessed their own periodontal tissue of mandibular anterior teeth using a hand mirror and example pictures of healthy gingiva and that with gingivitis and periodontitis in the brochure. Then, a dentist examined the subjects using the Community Periodontal Index (CPI). When the subjects with CPI code &ge;3 were defined as having periodontitis and the cutoff value of the total points for the 6 questions was set at 30, sensitivity and specificity were 0.611 and 0.558, respectively. The percentage agreement between self-assessment of their own periodontal tissue of mandibular anterior teeth and the CPI score of the mandibular anterior tooth area (CPI 0: healthy gingiva, 1-2: gingivitis, 3-4: periodontitis) was 67.3%. These results suggest that self-assessment using the brochure is valid and may be useful especially when a large population is screened for periodontal disease with a limited budget and time.
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INFORMATION
  • Saeri OGI, Junko INUKAI, Haruo NAKAGAKI, Masashi MUKAI
    Article type: Article
    2010 Volume 60 Issue 5 Pages 591-598
    Published: October 30, 2010
    Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2018
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Recently, candies containing sugar substitutes have been increasing on the market, but the sucrose content, which has the ability to induce dental caries, is not clearly known. Some studies have reported that certain kinds of sugar substitute do not induce dental caries, but some substitutes which induce dental caries were found in candies sold on the market. In this study, therefore, the sugar contents (sucrose, glucose, and other sugars) and pH of candies (25 kinds) were determined. Candies were diluted 10 times with distilled water. The total sugar content of samples was measured by density using a refractometer (N-20E, ATAGO, Japan). Then, the content of sucrose and glucose in each candy was determined using a biochemistry analyzer (2700 SELECT, YSI, USA). The content of sucrose and glucose in fruit-flavored candies was significantly higher than that in throat lozenges (p<0.05). On the other hand, the content of other sugar substitutes which might have a lesser I risk of inducing dental caries in throat lozenges was significantly higher than that of fruit-flavored candies (p<0.01). The sugar content investigated in the present study varied with candies. The pH of most candies was less than 5.4, and the pH of fruit-flavored candy was the lowest. It is concluded that "sugarless candies" should be chosen when consuming candies as snacks.
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