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Volume 61 (2011)
- Issue 5 Pages 536-
- Issue 3 Pages 265-
- Issue 2 Pages 190-
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Volume 61, Issue 5
Displaying 1-7 of 7 articles from this issue
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SPECIAL ARTICLE
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Donald M. BRUNETTE, Ken YAEGAKI2011 Volume 61 Issue 5 Pages 536-543
Published: October 30, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: April 06, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEvaluating a scientific paper entails several considerations and specific questions related to: YOU (the reader), Title/Author/Location, Introduction, Materials and Methods, Results, Discussion and Conclusion as well as the "Take Home Message" and "Positives: "what did you learn". YOU, needs to define specific personal selection criteria. The Abstract/Summary needs to identify issues of possible concern and an agenda of active reading. Questions under Title/Author/Location, assess the quality of the journal, and the track record of the authors. In the Introduction, the reader looks for a balanced framework of problem statements, the approach and whether the questions being asked relate directly to the hypothesis. Materials and Methods are designed to help the reader judge the validity of the results and whether the investigation could be repeated. In the Results section, readers need to judge the strength of the data underlying the conclusions. Scientific papers attempt to convince a reader into accepting the conclusions. The Conclusions should answer or at least make relevant points about the questions posed in the Introduction. The "Take-Home Message" is a statement in the readers own words of their own conclusions about the paper, and "Positives:" is what the reader actually learned. Recording the "Take-Home-Message" and the "Positives" enable the reader to rapidly review knowledge acquired from his/her reading.View full abstractDownload PDF (945K)
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
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Satsuki KOBAYASHI, Tatsuo YAMAMOTO, Satoshi ABE, Yuichi ANDO, Jun AIDA ...2011 Volume 61 Issue 5 Pages 544-550
Published: October 30, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: April 06, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDental health behavior to prevent dental caries in children was compared between parents who choose toothpaste from the viewpoint of the presence of fluoride and those who do not in users of fluoride-containing toothpaste. A questionnaire survey was conducted in 18 elementary schools in 13 prefectures in Japan, and 6,126 parents whose children used fluoride-containing toothpaste participated in the analysis. Logistic regression analysis showed that young age, beaker use at rinsing after tooth-brushing, low frequency of rinsing, caries-preventive activities including toothpaste use, topical fluoride application and regular dental visits, were independently associated with the choice of toothpaste from the viewpoint of the presence of fluoride. These results suggest that parents choosing toothpaste from the viewpoint of the presence of fluoride showed favorable behavior to prevent dental caries in their children. Dissemination of the appropriate use of toothpaste and other preventive measures against dental caries are required for parents, especially those who purchase toothpaste without considering whether it contains fluoride. In addition, the choice of toothpaste from the viewpoint of the presence of fluoride might be a good indicator of caries-prevention behavior other than toothpaste use.View full abstractDownload PDF (819K) -
Takafumi OOKA, Mieko SAKATA, Tomie NOMOTO, Naomichi MURATA, Akemi UTSU ...2011 Volume 61 Issue 5 Pages 551-562
Published: October 30, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: April 06, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe aim of this study was to establish a new support system for infants regarding oral and food health. Therefore, a questionnaire investigation was carried out on the anxieties of parents regarding the oral condition and feeding situation of 1,398 kindergarten infants (724 boys and 674 girls) who attended a dental checkup with their parents in the Tokyo metropolitan area in 2007. As a result, the percentages of parents who had anxieties and issues about the oral cavities of their male children, aged 2 to 4, ranged from 65 to 72%, but was 75% for 3-year-old girls. This indicated that the parents tended to have a higher frequency of issues regarding the age at completion of deciduous dentition. Meanwhile, the percentage of anxieties and issues regarding eating was clearly lower in the 1-year-old girl group and the percentages in other groups were more than 60%. Specifically, the percentage was significantly higher in the 2-year-old group regarding 'not chewing enough', and 'swallowing without chewing' in the 1-year-old and 2-year-old groups showed significantly higher percentages than in older groups except for the analysis between the group of 2-year-old girls and 3-year-old girls. Next, the percentages of anxieties and issues regarding 'varying amount of eating' were significantly higher in 2-year-old, 3-year-old and 4-year-old groups than in other groups, except for a statistical relationship between the 4-year-old girl and 5-year-old girl groups. Moreover, the issue of 'likes and dislikes' showed significantly higher percentages in 3-year-old boys and 3-year-old girls than 2-year-old boys and 1-year-old and 2-year-old girls, respectively. These findings suggested that issues regarding mastication occurred with increased frequency in the parents of young children; in contrast, other issues about self-feeding emerged at a high rate in the group of older children. Furthermore, various anxieties and issues related to the oral condition and eating of babies and toddlers occured and the frequency of these issues varied depending on the age of children. Consequently, it is essential to support multilaterally those parents who are anxious about their children.View full abstractDownload PDF (1704K) -
Masanori IWASAKI, Akihiro YOSHIHARA, Hideo MIYAZAKI2011 Volume 61 Issue 5 Pages 563-572
Published: October 30, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: April 06, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis study, using the number of chewing strokes during mastication before the first swallowing as an index, investigated the relationships between the number of chewing strokes during mastication and physique in adults and the elderly, and clarified the age differences associated with the above relationships. The study involved 614 subjects (230 males and 384 females) who participated in a survey conducted in Joetsu City, Japan in 2009 and 2010. Rice crackers were used to measure the number of chewing strokes during mastication, and the subjects were divided into the following 3 groups based on the number of chewing strokes: <24, 25 to 30, and >31 strokes. From the results of body measurement, the subjects were defined as showing an accumulation of visceral fat (male: waist circumference ≥85cm or waist circumference <85cm and BMI≥25kg/m^2, female: waist circumference ≥90cm or waist circumference <90 and BMI ≥25kg/m2), obesity (BMI ≥25kg/m2), and thinness (BMI<18kg/m2). The subjects were then categorized by age (adults: 20-64 years old, elderly: 65-89 years old) and gender. The relationships between the number of chewing strokes during mastication and physique were evaluated employing logistic regression analysis. The primary outcomes of the analysis were an accumulation of visceral fat, obesity, and thinness. The principal exposure variable included the number of chewing strokes during mastication (3 categories). Tested potential confounders included the number of teeth present and a smoking habit. Using the group with 25-30 strokes as a referent group, adult males in the groups with ≤24 and ≥31 strokes showed significantly high odds ratios (ORs) for visceral fat accumulation (OR [95% confidence interval]=6.89 [1.63-29.1], and OR=6.17 [1.39-27.3], respectively). Adult males in the two groups also showed significantly high ORs for obesity (OR [95% confidence interval]=7.33 [1.42-37.8] and OR=8.09 [1.50-43.7], respectively). Using the group with &kge;30 strokes as a referent group, elderly males in the group with ≥31 strokes showed a significant high OR for thinness (OR [95% confidence interval]=5.76 [1.17-28.4]). The study results suggest that the relationships between the number of chewing strokes during mastication and physique differ in adults and elderly males.View full abstractDownload PDF (1356K) -
Masanori IWASAKI, Akihiro YOSHIHARA, Hideo MIYAZAKI2011 Volume 61 Issue 5 Pages 573-580
Published: October 30, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: April 06, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe aim of this study was to investigate the association between a screening test for periodontal disease and metabolic syndrome-related factors among participants in specific health checkups. The study involved 488 subjects (male: 190, female: 298) aged 40-74 years who participated in specific health checkups conducted in Joetsu City, Japan in 2009 and 2010. Screening for periodontal disease was performed using the saliva occult blood test, and the subjects were divided into two groups, screen-positive and screen-negative. From the results of health checkups, the subjects were defined as obese (male: waist circumference ≥85cm, female: waist circumference ≥90cm), with high blood pressure (systolic blood pressure ≥130mm Hg, diastolic blood pressure ≥85mm Hg or use of medication for hypertension), high blood glucose (hemoglobin Alc ≥5.2% or use of medication for hyperglycemia), and lipid abnormality (triglycerides ≥1.5mg/mL, HDL-cholesterol<0.4mg/mL, or use of medication for lipid abnormality). Furthermore, metabolic syndrome was defined as obese subjects with ≥2 of 3 metabolic syndrome components (high blood pressure, high blood glucose, and lipid abnormality). Logistic regression was employed to evaluate the relationships between the screening test for periodontal disease and metabolic syndrome components using age, gender, and the current smoking status as covariates. A total of 204 subjects (41.8%) were classified as screen-negative and 284 (58.2%) as screen-positive. Using the screen-negative group as a referent group, the adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval) for obesity and metabolic syndrome of the screen-positive group were calculated to be 1.64 (1.03-2.61) and 2.49 (1.34-4.63) respectively, being considered significant. No significant relationships were observed between the results of the screening test for periodontal disease and high blood pressure, high blood glucose, and lipid abnormality. The study results suggest a significant relationship between the screening test for periodontal disease and metabolic syndrome among participants in specific health checkups.View full abstractDownload PDF (844K) -
Kensaku UMETANI, Naofumi TAMAKI, Manabu MORITA2011 Volume 61 Issue 5 Pages 581-588
Published: October 30, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: April 06, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt is reported that tooth brushing stimulates brain activity. The aim of this study was to clarify the effect of professional tooth brushing on a patient's autonomic nervous system (ANS). The study included 15 healthy men (age: 32.3±9.5 years). Professional tooth brushing was performed for about 15min. The heart rate variability (HRV), used as the ANS index, salivary amylase activity and state anxiety by state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI) were measured before (baseline) and after tooth brushing. HRV was also measured continuously during tooth brushing. The natural logarithm of high frequency (LnHF), Ln (LF/HF) (low frequency/high frequency), and LnTP (total power) were expressed as sympathetic, parasympathetic and autonomic nervous activities, respectively. The LnHF values increased significantly in the last 5min of tooth brushing and after treatment. The LnTP values increased significantly during all periods of the experiment, but the Ln (LF/HF) values hardly changed. The postoperative score of state anxiety significantly decreased. Amylase activity tended to decrease, although there was no significant difference. These observations indicate that stimulation by tooth brushing affected the central nervous system and then initiated changes in parasympathetic nervous activities. Professional tooth brushing might therefore relax the patients.View full abstractDownload PDF (1238K)
REPORT
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Mayumi SUETSUGU, Masaru MATSUMOTO, Akira TAKESHITA, Tomoko FUKAI, Yoko ...2011 Volume 61 Issue 5 Pages 589-593
Published: October 30, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: April 06, 2018
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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