Cement materials in the disposal of radio active waste is needed the function of radio-nuclides cor-responding into radio-active wastes. The phenomenon of radionuclides is controled by underground-water. So in this report, it is suggested that the functions of cement materials as artificial barrier is water-tightness and radio-nuclides corresponding for underground water, and the research of the deteriorated durability for that functions is important.

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Seismic retrofit has been performed for large numbers and many types of buildings in Japan particularly since 1995 Kobe Earthquake. It is desired to achieve the seismic retrofit without loss of building function and evacuation. Many techniques have been developed for this need. New materials such as continuous fiber sheets and low yield strength steel are used. Recent retrofit strategy consists of seismic isolation and supplemental energy dissipation to control seismic response as well as conventional concept to improve strength and ductility. Recently proposed US retrofit guideline is performance based and it includes the concept of response control.

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