Plasma cholesterol, triglyceride, phospholipid and fatty acid fractions of healthy pregnant women were investigated and found to rise significantly in the first trimester, followed by a fall in the second and subsequent rise again in the third trimester or near term (
p<0.01). Of all the lipid classes determined, the phospholipid fraction had the highest increase (94%) at near term and had the highest concentration in the plasma (350.85±22.85mg/100ml). This was followed by free fatty acid (64%; 78.52±13.66mmol/100ml), total cholesterol (58%; 293.00±18.58mg/100ml), and triglyceride (38%; 203.00±13.40mg/100ml) fractions. Whereas phospholipids and triglyceride levels increased with parity, total cholesterol and fatty acid levels showed appreciable decreases with multiparity. There was no significant correlation between plasma lipid level and body weight or age of the pregnant women (
p>0.05). Social class, an index of nutritional status, was found to be highly correlated with plasma lipid levels (
p<0.05;
r=+0.842). The significance of this to fetal quality and survival is discussed.
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