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Volume 45 (2005 - 200･･･
- Issue 2 Pages 85-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 45, Issue 2
Displaying 1-6 of 6 articles from this issue
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Original Articles
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Kaori Okamoto, Susumu Takahashi2006 Volume 45 Issue 2 Pages 85-97
Published: 2006
Released on J-STAGE: December 28, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis study investigated how the intimacy level of the partner (high or low) influence the perception of the qualities of three distinct communicative modes - face-to-face, cellular-phone, and cellular-phone-mail. A questionnaire survey was conducted on 301 college students. Three factors composing the perception of qualities of communication were extracted, including interpersonal pressure, affinitive feeling, and information transfer. A 2×3 ANOVA was conducted to probe for differences between the three communicative modes combined with high and low-intimacy partners. Significant interaction effects between intimacy and mode were discovered, as well as differences in the causal relationship between intimacy and perception by mode. The present results suggest the importance of the interaction partner in any evaluation of the qualities of communication varying mode.
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Yuka Ozaki2006 Volume 45 Issue 2 Pages 98-110
Published: 2006
Released on J-STAGE: December 28, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe present study investigated whether repeated approach or avoidance toward a target will result in a change in implicit attitude. Participants first completed the IAT (the Implicit Association Test) measuring their implicit attitudes toward ovals and rectangles (Time 1). A sorting task was then administered, with cards marked with ovals or rectangles. Participants turned up the cards one by one, and sorted them by the marked figures. In the oval-approach condition, they placed the ovals toward themselves (i.e. approach), whereas the rectangles were placed away (i.e. avoidance), and vice versa in the rectangle-approach condition. Upon completion of the sorting task, the same IAT as Time 1 was administered at Time 2. The results showed that implicit attitude became relatively positive toward the approached target, while relatively negative toward the avoided. The unconscious process of attitude change and the relationship between implicit and explicit attitudes were discussed.
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Masayuki Kurokawa, Toshikazu Yoshida2006 Volume 45 Issue 2 Pages 111-121
Published: 2006
Released on J-STAGE: December 28, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe main purpose of this study was to explore how meeting peer-group role-expectations between an individual and other members affect relational satisfaction of fifth and sixth graders. An original peer-group relational satisfaction scale consisting of 10 items was constructed. The main study examined the effects of role-expectation fulfillment, and within-group status (centrality) using the peer-group relational satisfaction scale. Participants were also asked to rate their perceived importance of role-expectations of themselves as well as others. Hierarchical regression analysis revealed by sex and group size that 1) boys and smaller group members equally perceived their expectations as importance as those of others, 2) girls were likely to meet those expectations of themselves that they and others deemed important, and 3) bigger group members in addition to individuals were likely to meet those expectations of themselves that they and others deemed important, others were likely to meet those expectations that individuals deemed important but not themselves and higher within-group status were significant related to relational satisfaction.
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Yumi Kono2006 Volume 45 Issue 2 Pages 122-135
Published: 2006
Released on J-STAGE: December 28, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study was to longitudinally assess the effects of a death education program for nursing students, in which the encoffining process was learned experientially. This study consisted of a quasi-experiment, and two surveys administered longitudinally (Study 1), to evaluate changes in the perspective of death over time. Furthermore, the effect of the participants' religiousness was also examined (Study 2). Results revealed that experiential death education was effective in reducing negative perspectives toward death, increasing more positive perspectives. However, the experiment fell short of inducing lasting change in perspective. Finally, religiousness was found to influence the amount of effect experiential death education had on the perspective toward death.
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Toshio Sugiman, Yoko Taniura, Toshie Koshimura2006 Volume 45 Issue 2 Pages 136-157
Published: 2006
Released on J-STAGE: December 28, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA new leadership training program in which, during a session mainly in a training room, trainees start to implement what they have decided to do to improve their workplace was developed in a nurse organization of a university hospital. Trainees were about 40 nurses of different departments who had several year work experiences and were expected to begin taking active leadership in their workplaces. The program started with a two-day session in which (1) trainees analyzed their workplace and made a tentative plan to improve it in a training room; (2) going back to their workplace and discussing the plan with their supervisors, they take the first step toward implementation for three hours, and (3) returning to a training room, they have a meeting to present a plan and the first step they already took. After a four-month implementation period, they meet again, in a training room, to have a one-day session in which they reexamine the plans with their supervisors for further five months. It was found that the program helped overcome a problem that was often observed in an off-the-job-training (Off-J-T), that is, difficulty of implementation of what was decided in a training room after returning to a workplace. It was also suggested that the program could trigger a movement for a workgroup to improve workplace.
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Kaori Karasawa, Nobuhiro Mitani2006 Volume 45 Issue 2 Pages 158-166
Published: 2006
Released on J-STAGE: December 28, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis study examined how advantaged peoples' perception of unfairness leads to their intent to engage in intergroup support, focusing on the mediating roles of attribution of responsibility and guilt feelings. Data was obtained from 124 participants of a simulated society game named SIMINSOC (Simulated International Society, Hirose, 1997). The global society in the game included two rich regions and two poor regions, with the poor regions needing the support of the rich regions for their survival. Path analyses for participants assigned to the rich regions indicated that perception of unfairness led to attribution of responsibility for the predicament of the poor to the ingroup, evoking feelings of guilt. Furthermore, guilt feelings induced intent to interact friendly, further leading to intent to support. The likelihood that guilt feelings play a more vital role in promoting support in face-to-face interactions were discussed, and it was suggested that further investigation is needed to probe into causes of guilt feelings.
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