Recently, the preservation of the homologous valve has been necessary for the use of the aortic or mitral valve transplantstion. The experimental orthotopic transplantation of the aortic valve was difficult technically, and so we used preliminarily the aortic homograft in stead of the homograft valvc.
The methods of the preservation of the aortic homograft were as follows : The thoracic aorta of dog was removed clean but not sterile.
The aortic homograft was treated by (1) storage in 10% glycerol or dimethyl sulfoxide solution at -80°C after immersion in 50 mg/ml aminobenzyl penicillin solution for 12 hours, (2) preservation in desiccator after freezing and drying followed by incubation in 1 % β-propiolactone at 37°C for 12 hours and (3) a sterilization with ethylene oxide gas at 40°C for 8 hours after freezing and drying.
From the physical points of view, there was no significant difference among the fresh aortae, the aortae stored in the 10% glycerol solution and the dry froozen aortae with-out immersion in 1 % β-propiolsctone. The aorta stored in the 10% glycerol solution was better than the other stored homograft.
In the microscopic findings, the aortae preserved in any ways showed various changes, but the aorta stored in 10% DMSO and in 10% glycerol solution could be considered satisfactory.
In the experimental homotransplantation, the results of the fresh patchgrafts were better than the preserved grafts, at 2 weeks after operation but similar to the preserved grafts at months.

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The activity of estradiol-17β-OH-dehydrogenase was determined in human breast tissues and compared in various pathological conditions. The major metabolite of estradiol-17β in human breast tissue was found to be estrone.
By cell fraction experiment the enzymatic activity was observed mainly in the particle fraction. The enzyme required DPN or TPN as cofactor, TPN giving higher activity than an equimolar amount of DPN. The optimal pH for the enzymatic oxidation of estradiol to estrone is 9. The various metal ions at a concentration of 1 ×10^-3 M produced the inhibition of the enzymatic activity.
It was shown that there was no quantitative difference in the enzymatic activity of various pathological conditions, including mastopathy, fibroadenoma, breast cancer and normal breast tissue. The mean values of produtcion rate of estrone was slightly higher in fibroadenoma than in others but markedly higher in breast cancer than in others in same ages. Among fibroadenoma tissues from younger ages showed higher enzymatic activity than that from older ages, but such age-dependent difference was not found in other pathological tissues.
The comparison between histological findings and the enzymatic activity of breast cancer showed that acirrhous carcinoma had lower production of estrone than adenocarcinoma papilotubulare and medullary carcinoma.

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1) A boy aged 3 years was examined clinically and typical symptoms of Tay-Sachs disease namely, retardarion of mental and physical developments, venous types of seizures, cherry red spot in ocular fundi, decerebrated ridity at the final stage were observed.
Activities of lactic dehydrogenase and of amylase in serum were elevated. EEG revealed the.electro-physiological activity was almost silent.
2) Histological examination of ihe brain of the patient showed diffuse loss and marked distension of nerve cell were found all over the central nervous system, especially in the cerebrum and in the cerebellum. Abnormal fine structures resembling Membranons Cytoplasmic Bodies (Terry) and Zebra Bodies (Gonatas) were filled in the cytoplasm of nerve cells and gitter cells electron-microscopically.
3) The neurochemical analysis of cerebral lipids of the brains of the case and of one another case of T-S disease revealed as follows :
a) Abnormally much amount of T-S ganglioside was extracted and isolated both from the cortex and white matter of two brains by column chromatography. T-S ganglioside in case 1 was almost 70% of total ganglioside.
b) The fatty acid composition, suger and sphingosine base of the T-S ganglioside isolated were determined by Gas-Liquid-Chromatography. The fatty acid was composed almost of stearic acid (C : 18). The ratio of glucose to galactose was 1 : 1. Sphingosine was C18 sphingosiue, the decrease of cerebroside varied from case to case, and small amount of gluco-kerasin was identified in them.
c) The activity of β-galactosidase of the cerebral cortex in case 1 was within normal level.

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1. A Japanese family with Bombay (Oh) phenotype was found. The red cells and saliva of Oh phenotype lacked A, B, H and Le^b antigens but had Le^a antigen and the serum contained anti-A, B, H and anti-Le^b imcomplete antibodies.
2. In the anti-Oh saliva immune chicken serum, the hemagglutinin against Oh and O red cells was found.
The reactivities of Oh saliva and Oh red cells against this hemagglutinin were not destroyed by treatment with α-L-fucosidase from Bac. fulminans, but destroyed with β-galactosidase from Bac. cereus H.
The agglutination of Oh red cells by this antiserum was inhibited strongly by ο-β-D-galactosyl- (1→4)-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine. These results demonstrate that the antigenicity related to the blood group substance of saliva and red cells of Oh phenotype is determined by β-galactosyl residue.
Inhibition capacities of salivas weakened in order of OS, Os, and Oh with quantitative difference though not so much as the difference of H antigen.

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Incubation of lipopolysacchride from Salmonella riogrande with A decomposing enzyme preparation of hog liver resulted in the liberation of 15.5% N-acetylgalactosamine and the lipopolysaccharide lost its serological activity with anti-A rabbit serum immunized with S. riogrande.
On the basis of the isolated oligosaccharides, it was proposed that the lipopolysaccharide of S. riogrande contains the following blood-group A active structure :
α-N-acetylgalactosaminyl-(1→3)-mannosyl-glucosyl-(1→3)-N-acetylgalactosaminyl-glucose

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