Experimental study was performed on hematogenous metastasis by intravascular grafting of material, resulting from serial subcutaneous and intracerebral transplantations of tumor, which was produced after intracerebral implantation of a chemical carcinogenic agent.
1. 20-methylcholanthrene was intracerebrally implanted into 17 C57 B1 mice, and tumor formation was confirmed in 3, which survived more than 108 days. One case was glioma, showing the the histological picture of glioblastoma, and the other 2 were fibrosarcoma.
2. Electron microscopy of the glioma revealed, in glioma cells, virus-like, spherical, double-sheathed particlle, 80-90 mμ in diameter.
3. Tumor cell suspensions from 1 case of sarcoma and 1 case of glioma were respectively infused into the carotid artery of animals. Formation of intracranial metastatic focus was observed in 19 of 40 cases ot sarcoma (47.5%) and in 4 of 17 cases of glioma (23.5%).
4. In 18 of the 19 cases of metastatic sarcoma, the metastatic focus was formed in the cerebral parenchyma, where-as in cases of metastatic glioma, the focus was mainly found in the meninx and choroid plexus of the ventricle. There was thus difference in the site of metastasis.
5. Observation of the early picture of the metastatic focus disclosed that tumor cells were proliferated in contact with the basement membrane of the small vessel or in the adventitia of the venule. After being attached to vascular wall, tumor cells are considered to escape from the vessel to continue proliferation.
6. When sarcoma was intravascularly transplanted, an extensive infarction focus was formed with the center in the cerebral hemisphere on the infusion side. It is highly probable that when sarcoma cells pass through the brain, they produce embolus in the cerebral trunk artery and infarction lesion in the ceredral parenchyma, and that in addition to the biological properties inherent to sarcoma cells, endothelial disorder and hyperpermeability of the parenchyma vessel accelerate the implantation of sarcma cells in the parenchyma as well as their extravasation.
7. When glioma cells were implanted after preliminary mechanical damage to the cerebral parenchyma, metastasis was found in the meninges and choroid plexus in 8 of 19 cases. Two of these 8 showed metastatic focus also in the parenchyma, and one demonstrated proliferation of tumor cells in the damaged site. It seemed consequently that environmental factor on the side of the organ may also play an important part in the establishment of hematogenous metastasis.

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There has not been elucidated the conclusive resistance mechanism of macrolide antibiotics (Mac) in Staphylococcus aureus of clinical sources. It was reported that its main mechanism may be dependent upon the impermeability of Mac into cells of S. aureus. It was also reported that the ribosomes from in vitro developed erythromycin-resistant mutants decrease their affinities for erythromycin in Bacillus subtilis and Esherichia coli. Whereas, it was reported that spiramycin (SP) -resistance did not affact the SP-binding to ribosomes in Bacillus subtilis. It has been also known that there are differences in biochemical mechanisms of drug-resistance between in vitro deqeloped resistant strains and those from clioical sources in either chloramphenicol or srreptomycin.
Therefore, I have started studies of the resistance mechanism of Mac in staphylococci of clinical sources and concluded here that that the resistance mechanism of Mac depends upon decreaseing of the binding affinity of ribosomes (50S subunits) to Mac as followings :
1) There was elucidated the crrelation among the resistance level of SP, the decrease of SP-binding affinity of various levels of Mac resistance.
2) It was indi/cated that the SP-binding affinity of ribosomes (50S subunits) are decreased not only by mutation but by a reversible induction in the inducible resistant strains. This reversible alteration seems to be interesting for one of regulatory mechanisms.
3) It was indicated that in vitro developed resistance of SP mainly depends upon impermeability of SP SP into S. aureus cells differently from that of clinical souces.
4) lt was isolated the mutant of which the Mac resistance is induced by high temperature (42°C). And it was indicated that this induced resistance also acc/ompanies the decrease of SP-binding affininity of ribosomes.

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1. This report deals with an autopsy case of congenital hypogammaglobulinemia in three month male infant.
2. This case is consistent with Swiss type hypogammaglobulinemia in consequence of pathologic studies. It is recognized marked hypoplasia in general lymphoid tissues such as thymus, lymph nodes, spleen and tonsil except ileum and appendix. Histologic examination reveals that thymus is devoid of small Iymphocytes, with poorly developed lobules, no differentiation in the cortex and medulla, and no Hassall's corpuscles. Lymph node shows a marked paucity of small lymphocytes in both the cortex and medulla, and no germinal follicles and no plasma cells are present.
3. His brother's histopathologic features reported previously by Yoshimura et al are extremely similar to this case. It is considered Swiss type hypogammaglobulinemia occurred in two brothers owing to investigation of their pathologicandhistologic data of lymphoid tissues especially thymus and lymph nodes.
4. It is presumed viral infection in late stage because of histologic pictures of the heart and lung.

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This report deals with an autopsy case of 4 years girl, succumbed to alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma, originating in nasal cavity with wide spread metastases after radiation therapy.
Biopsy specimen was removed three times from nasal cavity and cervical lymph node. Histological diagnosis were inadequate for diagnosis, nonepithelial malignant tumor and carcinoma simpex respectively.
On section, metastases were found lungs, pancreas, liver, kindneys, spleen, heat, ovaries, thoracic vertebrae and cervial lymph nodes.
Histologically, characteristic pseudo-alveolar pattern was manifest and distinctive longitudinal and cross striations was recognized in racket shaped cell of metastac tumor of lung.
Brief differential diagnosis was attempted against the alveolar soft part sarcoma, malignant melanoma, undifferentiated adenocarcinoma, reticulum cell sarcoma, malignant hemangio-endothelioma and malignant synovioma.

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