In normal sexual cycle, oxygen consumption of the diencephalon, ovary, uterus, vagina, adrenal and thyroid of rat was measured by the manometric technique of Warburg, with the following results :
1) Qo₂ (oxygen uptake in microlitres per milligram dry weight of tissue per hour) of the diencephalon was the highest in the proestrus stage, and nearly on the same level in the estrus and diestrus stage.
2) Qo₂ of the ovary showed scarcely any difference except that it was slightly higher in the proestrus and the estrus stage than in the diestrus stage. The ovarian weight did not show any remarkable change through all the stages.
3) Qo₂ of the uterus was the highest in the proestrus arid low in the estrus and the diestrus stage. The uterine weight attained the maximum in the proestrus stage.
4) Qo, of the vagina was the highest in the proestrus stage samely as that of the uterus, but there was no remarkable difference between the estrus and the proestrus stage.
5) Qo₂ of the adrenal was equal in the diestrus and the proestrus stage, and in the estrus stage it was rather high. Also the weight of the adrenal increased in the estrus stage.
6) Qo₂ of the thyroid was the highest in the proestrus stage, and lowered in the estrus stage, but remained a little higher than in the diestrus stage. No remarkable change was observed in the thyroid weight.

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Oxygen consumptions of various organs were determined with a Warburg manometer in pregnancy, parturition and puerperium, and also that of the placenta in prolonged pregnancy induced by the administration of progesterone.
1) Changes of Qo₂ of the diencephalon, body of the uterus, thyroid, kidney, adrenal and placenta were statisticaly significant, but those of the ovary, fetal membrane, cervix of the uterus and liver were not significant.
2) Qo₂ of the diencephalon was elevated already on the 15th day of pregnancy, attaining the maximum on the 21st. It was decreased in parturition, later tended to decrease slightly, and approached the normal level on the 3rd puerperal day.
3) Qo₂ of the ovary did not show any significant change during the whole course, but tended to be higher on the 15th day of pregnancy and in puerperium, and lower in parturition.
4) Qo₂ of the body of the uterus was elevated already on the 15th day of pregnancy, remarkably elevated further on the 21st, lowered in parturition, and still more in puerperium, but remained on the same level with that on the 15th day.
5) Qo₂ of the cervix of the uterus did not change significantly, showing nearly the same tendency as that of the body of the uterus, except only that decrease in parturition was greater in the cervix than in the body.
6) In parturition, Qo₂ of the body of the uterus was remarkably higher than that of the cervix of the uterus.
7) Oxgen consumption tended to show linear increase both in the body and the cervix of the uterus with progession from the normal period through pregnancy, parturition and puerperium.
8) Qo₂ of the placenta showed linear decrease with the advance of ppregnancy, and placental weight showed linear increase. Oxygen consumption per one placenta increased with the advance of pregnancy, but was lower in parturition than in later pregnancy. It was increased linearly on the 10th, 15th and 20th, but tended to decrease with the lapse of time in parturition.
9) When pregnancy was prolonged by the injection of progesteron, Qo₂ of the placenta on the 23rd of pregnancy was higher than in parturition and normal later pregnancy (on the 21st day). This was the same with oxygen consumption per one placenta, which continued linear increase in prolonged as in normal pregnancy.
10) Qo₂ of the fetal membrane did not show any significant change, exhibiting only slight tendency of decrease in parturition.
11) Qo₂ of the adrenal increased during pregnancy, attaining the maximum on the 21st day, decreased in parturition, again rose at 24 puerperal hours, and slightly lowered on the 3rd puerperal day.
12) Qo₂ of the thyroid on the 15th and 21st day of pregnancy showed gradual increase, but decreased in parturition, and in puerperium it was on the same level as on the 15th day pregnancy.
13) Qo₂ of the liver did not show significant difference between these stages, but tended to be lower from the 21st day of pregnancy, to hours post delivery, especially in parturition.
14) Qo₂ of the kidney significantly decreased during pregnancy. It still more decreased in parturition, and the some level as that in pregnancy was recovered in puerperium.

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Immature rats were administered various hormones, and oxygen uptakes of various organs were determined with a Warburg manometer, with the following results.
1) When PMS was administered, Qo₂ for uterus and vagina increased significantly, those for diencephalon, ovary and thyroid tended to increase but not significantly, and that for adrenal showed scarcely any change. The computed value for hypophysis was evidently higher than that for the control.
2) After the administration of CG, Qo₂ significantly increased in the uterus, was scarcely altered in diencephalon and adrenal, tended to increase in vagina and hypophysis, and to decrease in ovary and thyroid, but not significantly in any of these four organs.
3) After the administration of estradiol benzoate, Qo₂ tended to rise in diencephalon and uterus, and to decrease in vagina, thyroid and adrenal, but not significantly. In ovary, Qo₂ fell significantly, and in also hypophysis it was low.
4) After the administration of progesterone, Qo₂ did not show any remarkable change in ovary, tended to increase in diencephalon, uterus and vagina, and to decrease in hypophysis, thyroid and adrenal, but not significantly.
5) After the administration of testosterone propionate, Qo₂ significantly decreased in ovary and adrenal, and tended to increase in diencephalon, uterus and vagina, and to decrease in thyroid and hypophysis, but not significantly.
6) After the administration of methylestrenolone, Qo₂ tended to increase in diencephalon, and to decrease in ovary, uterus, thyroid, adrenal and hypophysis, but not significantly in any of these organs. It showed scarcely any change is vagina.
7) After the administration of estradiol benzoate and progesterone in succession, Qo₂ tended to increase slightly in diencephalon, to decrease in ovary and uterus, but showed scarcely any remarkable change in uterus, thyroid, adrenal and hypophysis.
8) After the concurrent administration of estradiol benzoate and progesterone, Qo₂ tended to rise in diencephalon and uterus, and to fall slightly in thyroid, adrenal and hypophysis, but not si gnificantly. There was no change in Qo₂ for ovary and vagina.
9) After the concurrent administration of estradiol benzoate and testosterone propionate, Qo₂ tended to increase slightly in diencephalon and uterus, and to decrease in ovary, hypophysis, thyroid and adrenal, but not significantly in any of them. There was no change in Qo₂ in vagina.
10) All the hormones used in the present experiments produced remarkable increase over controls in the weights of uterus and vagina. This was observed also when progesterone, methylestrenolone or testosterone was given without pretreatment with estrogen. The administration of PMS increased the weight of ovary to about 5 times the control, and the administration of CG to about 4 times. And in both cases, growth of follicle and formation of corpus luteum were observed.
11) Correlation between the weight of the organ and Qo₂ could not be recognized.
12) It was reported in the previous paper that there was no remarkable difference in Qo₂ of ovary between normal sexual cycle, pregnancy, parturition and puerperium. This was in agreement with the present result that no change was produced in this value by any hormone except estrogen, which elicited decrease.
13) Change in Qo₂ as reported in the previous paper during normal sexual cycle, pregnancy, parturition and puerperium can sometimes be explained by estrogen or other hormones released in respective periods but not always. And some other factors are supposed to be involved in it.

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1940年代の末から次々と各種抗生物質が出現し, 細菌感染症の治療面に多大の進歩を来した.これに反して真菌症は年々増加の傾向をたどりKeye 1952) によると1948年以降のMultiple Antibiotic Pcriodはそれ以前に比較して, はるかに高率の真菌症の発生を見ている。本邦においても三宅 (1959) の統計によると, 病理解剖領域において真菌の証明されたもの218例で, 総数の0.57%に達している.
真菌症の中に, 血管に強い親和性をもち, 動脈或は静脈に血栓を形成し, その支配域を出血, 壊死におち入らしむるムコール菌症が存在する.ムコール菌症は極めて稀な疾患で, 我が国における剖検例は, 那須等 (1956), 大森等 (1957), 松本等 (1958) の3例があるにすぎない.私達は56才の女性の肝および胃に, また23才の男性の肺に広範な出血と壊死を認め, 鏡検によりムコール菌を証明した2剖検例を経験したので, 文献的考察を加えここに報告する.

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EnterobacteriaceaeにはGroupの異なる菌が互に抗原的なつながりを持つている場合が多数知られている.そのなかで特に ShigellaとEscherichiaとの2つのCroupは抗原的に密接な関係を示し, Shigellaと同一な抗原をもつE.coliもいくつか発見されている.E.coli O112a, cは1948年De Assisにより初めて分離されたものであるが, この菌とS.dysentcriac2との抗原的関係を最初に報告したのはEwing等である.彼等はE. coli O112a, cとS. dysenteriae2の抗原は同一であり, 又これらの菌はK抗原をもち, そのK抗原は互に近似していると述べている.ついで, Seeligerもこれらの菌のの抗原を調べ, 両者のO抗原は同一ではなく, S. dyscnteriac 2のO抗原にE. coli O112a, cに存在しない特異的部分があることを証明した.この報告についでEwingand Tannerは再び実験を行ない, 両者のO抗原は同一であるが, K抗原が互に異なっていると発表した.その後, Raussは再びこの問題をとりあげ, S.dysenteriae 2とE.coli O112a, cのO抗原は同一ではなく, 各々に特異的部分があると報告している。以上のようにS. dysenteriae2と E. coli O112a, cとの抗原的関係は研究者間の成績の一致が見られないまま残された問題であった.
筆者は, S. dysenteriae 2の菌株間に存在するO抗原の相違及びO抗原の一部に認められる抗原変換等についての知見をもとにし, S.dysenteriae2と E. coli O112a, cの抗原を比較し以上の問題をほぼ解明することができたと考えるのでここに報告する.

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クロラムフエニコール (CM), テトラサイクリン系 (TC), ストレプトマイシン (SM), 及びスルファミン剤 (S) 等の薬剤に高度耐性の所謂多剤耐性赤痢菌の検出が等によって報告されて以来, 長岐等, 小張, 原田等, 松山等, 秋葉, 小張, 落合, 長木, 中村及び池村等の報告があり, その検出例も全国的に増加して行く傾向が認められている.一剤耐性, 二剤耐性, 三剤又は四剤耐性菌の最近5力年間の出現頻度をみると, 初期にはS SM, TC等の一剤耐性菌の出現が目立つたが, 二剤及び三剤耐性菌に比し四剤耐性菌の出現が著しく増加しておる.多剤耐性菌出現の機構は不明であるが.吾々の一人原田は昭和32年CM, TC, SM, Sの四剤耐性 (r₄) 赤痢菌の検出と同時にr₄大腸菌を検出し, その後CM, SM, Sの三剤耐性 (r₃) 赤痢菌流行においてr₃大腸菌を分離した.従って吾々は多剤耐性赤痢菌の出現には多剤耐性大腸菌の関与が重大な意義のあることに着目し, 群馬県内の耐性大腸菌の分布を調べた.今回は1959年中群馬県内で分離した赤痢菌について薬剤感受性試験を行ない, 多剤耐性赤痢菌を中心に菌型別, 地域別等を調査し, 更に多剤耐性赤痢菌の検出率の低い地区の多剤耐性大腸菌の検索成績について報告する.

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副腎-Enucleation (以下AEと略) に関しては古くから多くの報告があるが, 当教室においても数年来この問題に関する系統的な研究が進められ, 既に, 中村, 内山, 花岡, 鈴木, 柴田等により興味ある知見が報告されている.その目的とするところは実験的急性副腎皮質異常と, その回復過程を観察し, 更にAEを通じDean一派の提唱した皮質二元論 (zonal theory) を批判検討することにある.特に皮質二元論に関しては本研究を通じ, 機能, 形態両方面からの幾多の矛盾が指摘され, この仮説に対しては慎重な態度が必要であると考えられるに至っている.本実験も本研究の一部として行なわれたもので, AEを行なったラットを用い, 尿中17-Kctosteroids値 (以下17-KSと1略) を測定し, AE後の皮質機能異常とその回復過程を観察するとともに, ACTH及びcorticoidsの投与による影響からこれらホルモンに対する反応態度を検討し, 更に皮質二元論についても若干の考察を試みた.

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141 strains of Shigella flexneri were isolated in Gunma Prefecture and divided into three main phage-types (A, B and C). Five bacteriophage were isolated from natural sources such as filtrates of sewage, dung water and animal feces (duck, fowl, ostrick, dog, fox, bear), and were used for typing. However the standard strain of Shigella flexneri 2a (Ew-10) did not belong to any of the above-mentioned three phage-types.
The strains that were isolated from the cases of family infection and the ones isolated from the same epidemy were found to have the same phage-type.
The variant with antigenic variation from 2b to 2a was obtained by cultivating 2b strains in the broth added with the anti-7 (8, 9) factor serum or with the phage 37 or 40.
This variant of 2b → 2a belongs to the C-type. This variant and all 2a strains that belong to the C-type have not group 4 antigen, and fermente sucrose after 26 days cultivation at 37°C.
In this paper it was demonstrated that there are 2a variants from Shigella flexneri 2b among the members of Shigella flexneri 2a that belong to the C-type.

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百日咳症は予防接種法にもとついて百日咳ワクチンの予防接種が実施されている現在, 患者の発生が著しく減少してはいるが, 予防接種以前の乳児に感染を見た場合にしばしば重篤な結果を来すことが経験されている.しかも数多くの統計的数字が示す如く, その死亡率が低年令ほど高いということからも, 乳児期の百日咳症が臨床的並びに疫学的のみならず病理学的にも充分注視に価する疾患であるということができる.しかしながら昭和20年以降本症の剖検的報告は極めて少なく, 本邦では由比 (1951) 島田 (1952) 赤井 (1957) 等数例に過ぎない.私達は最近生後3カ月で百日咳症に罹患全経過12日で死亡した一例を剖検したので報告する

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先にわれわれは胃癌死亡と河川の含有成分及び地質との関連を探索し, 河川中のカルシウム含有量の多い流域ならびに石灰岩地帯は胃癌死亡が比較的少ないことを見出し, 土壌中のカルシウムが飲料水, 食物などを介して直接的あるいは間接的にその地域住民の胃癌発生に対して何らかの抑制的作用を及ぼしているものと推定した.
その後かかる疫学的事実に関連して実験的検討をすすめているが, エールリッヒ癌細胞増殖が相当量のカルシウム含有食品摂取により抑制され, 一方, 胃癌発生の一誘因とも考えられる高濃度食塩含有食品による胃粘膜傷害は同時に或る程度以上のカルシウムを添加することにより少なくも肉眼的には抑制し得ることはすでに実験的に明らかにした.
今回は動物実験でかかる高濃度食塩含有食品による胃粘膜傷害と, これに対するカルシウムの影響を組織学的に検討したので報告する.
胃癌発生の素地をなすものと考えられる高濃度食塩含有食品摂取による胃粘膜傷害に対して, カルシウムが如何なる影響をもたらすかを実験マウスを用いて組織学的に検討した.
高濃度食塩含有飼料投与により胃粘膜は被覆上皮細胞の脱落, 消失が著しく, 壁細胞, 主細胞共に原形質は縮少して球状化し, 遂には糜爛にいたる高度な病変を生ずるが, 同飼料に相当量のカルシウムを添加した飼料投与の場合はかかる病変はなく正常粘膜像と同様であることを認めた.これは明らかにカルシウムにより食塩による胃粘膜傷害が防禦されたものと解される.
かかる実験結果から, 習慣的な高濃度含有食品摂取によって胃粘膜は傷害され, いわゆる慢性胃炎像を生じ, 遂にはこれが胃癌発生の素地をなすと考えるならば, カルシウムはかかる機序に対して防禦的に作用し, 強いては胃癌発生の抑制ともなり得るものと類推した.
本論文の要旨は昭和35年5月, 第30回日本衛生学会総会におい発表した.

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The author has consecutively investigated cytological changes in the adenohypophysis of the dog following oral administration of cinchophen.
For the cytological manifestation, GOMORI's aldehyde-fuchsin-azan and periodic acid SCHIFF reaction were employed and differential cell count was made.
Thirty minutes after administration, α-cells were somewhat enlarged and vacuolated β-cells and PAS positive cells already increased. Af ter one hour, degranulation in α-cells was found especially in apical part of the cell and granules in the β-cell were decreased with extensive vacuolation in cytoplasm. After 3 and 5 hours, α-cell degranulated progressively and diminished in its size and number. Granules in β-cells decreased and were hardly stained by fuchsin. Size of β-cells was strikingly variable. On the other hand, chromophobes, particularly granulated chromophobes, were increased. Changes in δ-cells were not distinct. After 7, 12 and 24 hours, restoration progressed, although not accomplished even after 24 hours.
ACTH release after administration of cinchophen has been revealed in both previous and this, investigations, but additional hormone release seemed also not deniable from these findings.

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It is of interest to know what effect will be produced by combined use of PANS-TW, an antiviral agent, and roentgen ray, since it will give a clue for the elucidation of action mechanism of this agent. Experiments on tumor cells revealed that the administration of 1mg/kg of PANS-TW alone did not produce any alteration in karyokinetic coefficient and differential count of nuclear form, but that th; application of X-ray in combination with it remarkably inhibited cell division for a prolonged period, though the previous state was recovered after 24 hours. Now it was investigated with subcutaneous tumor whether PANS-TW would have prolonged efficacy in cooperation with the after effect of irradiation, and it was found to have sensitivty-increasing effect, though not so high, in combined use with X-ray.
Nine derivatives of PANS-TW were investigated for synergism with X-ray. Of these, only PANS-1.69 in a dose of 1mg/kg manifested by itself growth-iahibiting effect, but not any others, although in higher concentrations they may have shown such effect. When administered before irradiation, PANS-I. 4. 7. 9 manifested slight sensitivity-increasing effect.
PANS-6 had slight anti-tumorous effect, but, not sensitivity-increasinge fleet. This indicates that not all substances, having similar action to X-ray, or combination of all inhibitors with X-ray, but combination of special inhibitors or metabolic antagonists with X-ray exerts sensitivity-increasing effect; and that in this case the metabolic antagonist need not be anti-tumorous.
On account of tthe efficacy for tumor, sensitivity-increasing and virus-inactivating action, and the effect to inhibit metabolic system necessary for increase of viral nucleic acid, PANS is considered to act on metabolic system of tumorous nucleic acid. Accordingly, DNA concentration per cell was determined microphotometrically from 15 minutes to 72 hours of irradiation, and it was forund to have fallen remarkably at 2 and 24 hours, although in the beginning it was scarcely changed even by considerably large doses. NA hen PANS was alone administered, DNA decreased at 30 minutes and 2026 hours, but conversely increased at 326 hours.
Whne 8-azaguanine and D-glutamic acid were used in combination with PANS, depressions of DNA curve were shown at about 45 minutes and 24 hours in the case of D-glutamic acid, and there was increase at 45 minutes2 hours in the case of 8-azaguanine. When they were used alone, DNA increased at a certain time, and decreased at about 24 hours. It was assumed accordingly that the above mentioned three agents would have bearing on DNA metabolism in some forms either indirectly or directly, that they would exert their actions not on one same point, but respectively on theit specific points in cooperation with roentgenobiological or roentgenobiochemical action, and that they would tnrn complicated delayed changes after irradiation toward the enhancement of inhibition.

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