Neurologia medico-chirurgica
Online ISSN : 1349-8029
Print ISSN : 0470-8105
ISSN-L : 0470-8105
Volume 36, Issue 3
Displaying 1-10 of 10 articles from this issue
  • Masaaki MIZUNO, Jun YOSHIDA
    1996 Volume 36 Issue 3 Pages 141-144
    Published: 1996
    Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2006
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The use of whole immunoglobulin G (IgG) and F(ab'')2 of the G-22 monoclonal antibody associated with cationic liposomes (immunoliposomes) and the effect of repeated exposure were investigated for the transfection of the LacZ gene to various glioma cell lines. Immunoliposomes associated with either whole IgG or F(ab'')2 monoclonal antibody caused an about 2-fold increase in β-galactosidase activity compared with liposomes associated with no antibody in glioma cell lines expressing the CD44 antigen. β-Galactosidase activity was further increased by about 2-fold by repeated exposure compared with single exposure. A glioma cell line not expressing the CD44 antigen showed no such increase in β-galactosidase activity. These results indicate that repeated exposure of cationic immunoliposomes achieves a higher transfection efficiency and is a potentially effective method of gene therapy for patients with malignant glioma.
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  • Hirofumi NAGANUMA, Atsushi SASAKI, Eiji SATOH, Mitsuyasu NAGASAKA, Shi ...
    1996 Volume 36 Issue 3 Pages 145-150
    Published: 1996
    Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2006
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Malignant glioma cells secrete transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β) which has potent immunosuppressive properties. We investigated the effect of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) on TGF-β secretion from malignant glioma cells in vitro. T98G glioblastoma cells were treated with various doses of IL-1β and the TGF-β activity in the supernatant was determined using a specific bioassay. Six other human malignant glioma cell lines were also treated with 1000 U/ml of IL-β, and the TGF-β activity in the supernatants was determined. The effect of IL-β on the growth of tumor cells was also assessed by a bioassay using crystal violet which reflects the actual cell number in the plate wells. IL-1β treatment resulted in inhibition of TGF-β secretion in two malignant glioma cell lines. TGF-β secretion from T98G cells was suppressed by IL-1β in a dose-related manner. However, IL-1β treatment resulted in an obvious increase (> 20%) of TGF-β secretion in two tumor lines, and a slight increase (< 20%) in three tumor lines. IL-1β did not affect the growth of four malignant glioma cell lines, and only slightly affected the growth of the other three cell lines. IL-β modulates TGF-β secretion from malignant glioma cells, but not in a consistent way.
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  • Shingo KAWAMURA, Yiping LI, Mitsuru SHIRASAWA, Nobuyuki YASUI, Hitoshi ...
    1996 Volume 36 Issue 3 Pages 151-155
    Published: 1996
    Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2006
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The protective effect of nilvadipine, a Ca2+ antagonist, on cerebral ischemia was investigated in spontaneously hypertensive rats. The 12-week-old animals were treated for 7 days with either nilvadipine or vehicle using osmotic pumps implanted subcutaneously. Group 1 animals (n = 10) received the vehicle, and Group 2 (n = 10) and 3 animals (n = 10) received 1 and 3 mg/kg/day nilvadipine, respectively. The left middle cerebral artery was occluded under halothane anesthesia on the 6th day of treatment, and neuropathological outcomes were quantified 24 hours later. The systolic blood pressure measured before occlusion decreased to 137 ± 9 mmHg (Group 2) and 130 ± 9 mmHg (Group 3), compared to 189 ± 12 mmHg for Group 1 (p < 0.05). The percentage infarct volumes in Groups 1-3 were 39 ± 3%, 37 ± 2%, and 34 ± 3%, respectively (p < 0.05, Groups 1 vs. 3). Therefore, nilvadipine decreased the infarct size dose-dependently. Nilvadipine has a protective effect against cerebral ischemia in rats with chronic hypertension. Neuropathological findings suggest that nilvadipine may act at the ischemic penumbra. Nilvadipine may have the additional benefit of reducing the consequences of a possible later stroke in patients with hypertension (one of the risk factors for stroke).
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  • Shingo KAWAMURA, Nobuyuki YASUI
    1996 Volume 36 Issue 3 Pages 156-161
    Published: 1996
    Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2006
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The effects of hyperoxemia on pial vessel diameters were studied in rats using a cranial window technique. The brain surface was superfused with mock cerebrospinal fluid at 5 ml/hr, and the intracranial pressure was maintained at 5 mmHg. Animals were artificially ventilated, and the arterial carbon dioxide tension was constantly controlled in each animal. Arterioles (14-90μm diameter during air inhalation) constricted significantly according to the arterial oxygen tension (PaO2) increase: 94 ± 7% (30% O2), 91 ± 8% (60%O2), and 88 ± 8%(100%O2). The percentage diameter change per mmHg PaO2 increase was 0.1% under normoxemia, but became less under hyperoxemia (0.025% and 0.01% per mmHg during 30%-to-60% and 60%-to-100%O2 inhalations, respectively). The diameter change between 60% and 100%O2 inhalations was not significant. There was no significant relationship between the vascular response and the control diameter. Some small arterioles (≤ 50 μm diameter) underwent marked constriction (-20% to -35%), but there were no large vessels (>50μm diameter) showed a constriction greater than -20%. Venules (17-114μm diameter) did not have a significant response to hyperoxemia. The vasoconstriction of pial arterioles was proportional to arterial O2, but the relationship was not linear.
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  • Masaki KOMIYAMA, Misao NISHIKAWA, Shouhei KITANO, Hiroaki SAKAMOTO, Ke ...
    1996 Volume 36 Issue 3 Pages 162-165
    Published: 1996
    Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2006
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Three patients with non-traumatic arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) of the scalp were treated by embolization using acrylate glue through the transarterial route or by direct puncture of the lesions and then surgical resection. Complete cure was achieved in all three patients. Selective angiography is indispensable in the correct diagnosis of scalp AVFs. Embolization facilitates surgical removal when necessary, and this combination is the treatment of choice for scalp AVFs.
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  • Akira MATSUMURA, Kotoo MEGURO, Hideo TSURUSHIMA, Youji KOMATSU, Yoichi ...
    1996 Volume 36 Issue 3 Pages 166-171
    Published: 1996
    Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2006
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Fifteen patients with clinical diagnosis of brain death were examined by magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Aortography with intraarterial digital subtraction angiography (IADSA) was also performed in nine patients. MR imaging indications of the flow void phenomenon were evaluated in the cavernous portion of internal carotid artery (ICA) and the middle or anterior cerebral artery, and compared with the IADSA findings. The relative intensities of gray and white matters were also measured. MR imaging showed that flow voids were absent in the ICA in all eight patients in whom non-filling was confirmed by IADSA. In one patient, IADSA demonstrated intracranial flow despite the diagnosis of brain death and the flow void pattern was normal. Serial MR imaging showed disappearance or abnormality of flow voids after brain death in six patients and absence before brain death in one. Spotty flow voids became visible in the unilateral ICA of one case after brain death. Partial residual flow voids may be caused by to-and-fro blood movement which was demonstrated by transcranial Doppler sonography. The normal flow void pattern was seen in none of these patients, therefore absence of flow voids indicates cessation of intracranial blood flow. Proton density and T2-weighted MR images showed dissociated intensity changes between white and gray matters, which were thought to be characteristic of brain death. In conclusion, MR imaging can achieve non-invasive diagnosis of the non-filling phenomenon in patients with brain death.
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  • Manabu MINAMI, Junya HANAKITA, Hideyuki SUWA, Hiroshi SUZUI, Kohji FUJ ...
    1996 Volume 36 Issue 3 Pages 172-174
    Published: 1996
    Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2006
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A 44-year-old male presented with a solitary cerebellopontine angle (CPA) metastasis from lung cancer. His initial symptoms were vertigo and hearing loss beginning 5 months after the diagnosis of the primary cancer. Two months later, right facial paresis developed. His neurological deterioration was rapid. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging with enhancement disclosed the CPA tumor. The tumor was partially removed through the retroauricular retromastoid approach. Histological examination of the specimen revealed adenocarcinoma. The characteristic rapidly progressive symptoms and MR imaging with enhancement are the most sensitive and essential examinations for this lesion.
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  • Kazuya UEMURA, Akira MATSUMURA, Shozo NOGUCHI, Tomoyuki SHIBATA, Masam ...
    1996 Volume 36 Issue 3 Pages 175-178
    Published: 1996
    Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2006
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A 2-year-3-month-old girl presented with a rare displaced odontoid fracture. She was managed nonoperatively by manipulation followed by 3-month extracorporeal fixation with a halo brace. However, lateral radiography revealed recurrent dislocation at the base of the odontoid process. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a “synchondrotic slip.” She therefore underwent posterior wiring with iliac bone grafting to prevent pseudoarthrosis. The odontoid process had fused to the axis at 4 months postoperatively. Surgical management should be considered as a treatment method for pediatric odontoid fracture because of the difficulties in maintaining long-term immobilization and confirming the union.
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  • Toshihiro KUMABE, Teiji TOMINAGA, Takeo KONDO, Takashi YOSHIMOTO, akam ...
    1996 Volume 36 Issue 3 Pages 179-184
    Published: 1996
    Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2006
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A 2-month-old boy presented with a huge choroid plexus carcinoma in the left cerebral hemisphere. Almost total resection of the tumor was achieved, but a remnant abruptly enlarged 5 months later, requiring reoperation. After radical resection of the tumor, intraoperative radiation (10 Gy) was delivered. Postoperative chemotherapy was performed with methotrexate and vincristine, selected on the basis of in vitro chemosensitivity testing. No recurrence of the tumor was detected 18 months after the second operation. Radical surgery with these adjuvant therapies may be a good method to control this aggressive disease in infants.
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  • Shingo TAKANO, Tooru MARUNO, Yasushi SHIBATA, Kiyoyuki YANAKA, Shizuo ...
    1996 Volume 36 Issue 3 Pages 185-188
    Published: 1996
    Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2006
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A right-handed 48-year-old female had clustered groups of seizures characterized by speech disturbance (attacks of verbal repetition and speech arrest) over a period of 7 years. Later, speech arrest was accompanied by perioral focal seizures. Magnetic resonance imaging and surgery found a low grade astrocytoma, centered in the left supplementary motor area. Postoperatively, no seizures or speech disturbances occurred for 3 years. This case confirms the main function of the supplementary motor area of the dominant hemisphere is connected with the initiation of speech and the setting into motion of the mechanism of speech.
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