The　penetration　of　molten　steel　into　porous　refractory　by　applying　extemal　pressure　to　the　steel　was　directly observed　with　the　aid　of　a　high　temperat皿e　X ray　radiographic　apparatus．The　maximum　penetration　height increases　linearly　with　increasing　the　extemal　pressure．Data　for　the　observed　maximum　penetration　height　was analyzed　using　a　capillary　model　in　which　a　labyrinth（or　tortuosity）factorξwas　introduced，that　is，a　modified capillary　model. The　minimum　extemal　pressure　at　which　molten　steel　can　penetrate　into　the　refractory　was　in reasonable　agreement　with　the　value　calculated　with　the　capillary　model．Discrepancies　between　the　observed maximum　values　and　those　predicted　with　the　modified　capillary　model　were　discussed　from　the　view　point　of　the labyrinth　factor．

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Using　the　crucible　method，laboratory　corrosion　test　on　refractories　was　conducted　in　a　simulated incinerator　ash　under　dry　or　wet 1．86％HCl　gas　at1000℃． In　the　case　of　corrosion　test　in　ash，glass　phase of　Na－K－Si-O　system　was　formed　in　the　sample　surface，and　the　mass　of　sample　increased　after　corrosion　test． Basic　oxides　included in　the　ash　and　the　refractories　changed　the　chloride　under　HCl　gas．Since　the formed　chloride　volatilized，the　glass　formation　was　inhibited．When　there　was　no　ash，the　basic　oxides included　in　grain　boundary　of　the　refractories　volatilized，and　embrittlement　was　generated．

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