Suppression of a turbulent flow of molten steel in the pouring nozzle for the continuous caster is known as one of the effective countermeasure for improving not only the durability of the refractories but the quality of the steel. Fundamental concept of the suppression was explained based on the fluid dynamics of the molten steel in the tundish, then, from the energy minimum principle, the optimum inner bore profile minimizing the turbulent energy （flow）was determined. Remarkable improvements in the nozzle with the optimum shape obtained were confirmed by both the simulation using flow analysis and water model and the actual tests in the steel works.

View full abstract