Japanese Journal of Medical Science and Biology

VARIABILITY OF STRAINS OF JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS IN REGARD TO THE PH-DEPENDENCY IN HEMAGGLUTINATION

TAKESHI OKUNO, MAKOTO SUZUKI, AKIRA KONDO, TOSHIKO ITO

1965 Volume 18 Issue 5 Pages 227-238
Published: 1965
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7883/yoken1952.18.227

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One hundred and twelve strains of Japanese encephaltis virus (JEV) isolated in Japan during the past 25 years were tested for hemagglutination (HA) with the suckling mouse brain antigen. In the pattern HA tests of a checkerboard system employing graded pH, most of the strains showed about equal titers in the pH range of 6.0 to 7.0, the maximum titers being obtained usually at pH 6.8. In contrast, 7 strains which had received more frequent passages than the rest indicated a different pattern in which the HA titers at the neutral pH were much lower than those at the acid pH, resulting in demonstration of the peak titers at pH 6.2 to 6.4. Analyses of the phenomenon have suggested, however, that the pH-dependency of JEV HA is a genetically stable property, being characteristic to each strain. It is highly probable that the pH-dependency of JEV HA may be an expression of the physicochemical properties of the virus particle which control its adsorbing action onto red cells.

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ADSORPTION OF JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS HEMAGGLUTININ ONTO GOOSE RED CELLS

TAKESHI OKUNO, AKIRA KONDO, MAKOTO SUZUKI, TOSHIKO ITO

1965 Volume 18 Issue 5 Pages 239-247
Published: 1965
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7883/yoken1952.18.239

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The acetone-ether extracted Japanese encephaltis virus (JEV) hemagglutinin (HAnin) from infected suckling mouse brains, originally containing about 10^8.0 infective virus particles per ml, was mixed with a goose red cell suspension with a concentration of 3×10^8.0 cells per ml at an iced bath temperature. Adsorption of HAnin onto goose cells took place in a narrow range of pH, generally between 6.4 to 7.0; no adsorption occurred at pH 9.0 within 30 minutes after mixing. The adsorption of HAnin onto goose cells is definitely pH dependent. The optimum pH for adsorption coinsides with that for the pattern hemagglutination (HA) test.

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STABILITY AND PRESERVABILITY OF FREEZE-DRIED SMALL-POX VACCINE WITH DIFFERENT MOISTURE CONTENTS

MASAKO NOMURA, CHIAKI NISHIMURA, MASAMI KITAOKA

1965 Volume 18 Issue 5 Pages 249-256
Published: 1965
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7883/yoken1952.18.249

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For the purpose of long-term preservation of small-pox vaccine, Hornibrook et al. (1951) first published a report on preparation of freeze-dried vaccine, stating that an addition of lactose-salt mixture could protect the dried small-pox vaccine from its deterioration during the storage. Afterwards, Cockburn et al. (1957) studied on the protecting effect of peptone as an adjuvant, and recommended the use of peptone-dried small-pox vaccine in epidemic areas of the tropic. Meanwhile, Yanagisawa et al. (1963) have reported that an addition of sodium glutamate instead of peptone to the vaccine was found to better preserve vaccine potency during storages at 37 C and 45 C. Further study on the utility of sodium glutamate has been conducted by Suzuki et al. (1964) . They showed that the dried vaccine could preserve its potency at least for three years and that it was more stable than that of the ordinary glycerinated vaccine lymph.
Further studies on the properties of freeze-dried vaccine have been made by the authors to draft the Minimum Requirements of two dried vaccines (1965), using peptone or glutamate as the adjuvant. This paper presents results of comparative studies on heat stability and long-term preservability of both dried vaccines, considering residual moisture content in each ampoule and the reason why the new Minimum Requirements were recently issued. The expiration date of the dried vaccine is three years after approved by the national assay, and the heat stability test is adopted, instead of preservability that needed for 6 months, as a simple and rapid way.

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SURVIVAL OF ADULT PARAGONIMUS WESTERMANI IN VITRO

KAZUO YASURAOKA, YUKIO HOSAKA, KEIKO KATO

1965 Volume 18 Issue 5 Pages 257-259
Published: 1965
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7883/yoken1952.18.257

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GROWTH ACCELERATION OF A MOUSE CELL STRAIN AFTER TREATMENT WITH HOMOGENATE OF THE FRIEND VIRUS INFECTED SPLEEN: A Preliminary Report

HIROSHI YOSHIKURA, YASUKO HIROKAWA, MASA-ATSU YAMADA

1965 Volume 18 Issue 5 Pages 261-266
Published: 1965
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7883/yoken1952.18.261

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Since Friend virus was isolated (Friend, 1957), many efforts have been made to clarify the behavior of this virus in tissue culture. Although propagation of the virus in vitro was demonstrated successfully (Moore, 1958: Moore and Friend, 1963; Chamorro et al., 1962; Osato et al., 1964), no cellular changes specific to the virus have been observed. We recently found that in vitro treatment with homogenate of the Friend virus infected spleen accelerated the proliferation of the cells and induced large colony formation, which constitutes the subject of this report.

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SYMPOSIUM ON SIMIAN VIRUS 40

1965 Volume 18 Issue 5 Pages 267-273
Published: 1965
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7883/yoken1952.18.267

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